RU21403U1 - AVERAGE GRADERS KNIFE KNIFE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The knife of the middle blade of the motor grader, made in the form of a steel plate with holes for fasteners and with a longitudinal groove, in which carbide cutting elements are fixed by soldering, characterized in that the carbide cutting elements are made in the form of short plates installed end-to-end in the longitudinal groove to friend with the formation of a solid carbide cutting blade, and the end face of the steel plate from the side of the cutting blade is made beveled at an angle α = 15-20.2. The knife of the middle blade of the graders according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the thickness of the steel plate to the width of the longitudinal groove is from 3.5: 1 to 4.5: 1.3. The knife of the middle blade of the graders according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the average width of the carbide cutting blade to its thickness is from 3.5: 1 to 4.5: 1.4. The knife of the middle blade of the graders according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the length of the knife to the length of the lodgement of the grader on which the knife is mounted is from 1.9: 1 to 2.1: 1.5. The knife of the middle blade of the graders according to claim 1, characterized in that in the initial and final zones of the plane of the steel plate are marked signs of overall size, made in the form of inclined black stripes on a yellow background.

Description

AVERAGE GRADERS KNIFE KNIFE

The utility model relates to construction and road machines designed to clean the surfaces of roads from ice, dirt or road surfaces, for example, roads or runways of airfields, and can be used as a working tool for such machines.

Known carbide tool insert for cleaning the surface mainly from ice and / or snow 1, containing a head with a conjugated working part and the base. The working part of the head has the shape of a body of revolution. The end surface of the working part of the head is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the insert. The lateral surface of the working part of the head is formed by the rotation of a segment of a convex curved line around the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the insert. A recess is made on the end surface of the working part of the head. The specified recess has the shape of a body of revolution, the longitudinal axis of symmetry of which is located on the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the insert. Allows you to clean the surface without damaging the latter.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is its structural complexity, due to the complexity of the profile of the working head, which complicates the technological process of its manufacture.

Another well-known tool for the destruction of mineral and artificial materials 2 contains a carbide insert with a working part and a shaft shaped like a body of revolution and a housing with a socket for accommodating the liner of the insert, while at least part of the surface of the insert shank has

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a curved shape that corresponds to the shape of the meniscus formed by the molten solder in the housing socket, and the shape of the walls of the socket in the housing corresponds to the surface shape of the insert shank.

Cutters for mining machines 3 are also known, including a head reinforced with a carbide insert with a main cutting edge of a convex curvilinear shape, a front face of a flat convex shape, and side edges in the form of a convex broken line. The front face of the destructive part of the carbide plate is made in the form of a triple obtuse-angle wedge with the edges intersecting at one point lying on the main longitudinal edge at the level of the inflection points of the lines of the side edges. Such cutters are used predominantly in mountain machines designed to destroy coal and coal-massifs.

Such tools 2,3 also have the above-mentioned disadvantage of the complexity of the technological process of their manufacture.

The closest technical solution to the proposed technical solution is the working body 4 of the road building machine (for example, graders), including a plate with fasteners for connecting it to the blade of the road building machine and mounted on the plate with the ability to rotate around its longitudinal axis of symmetry of the cutters, a device for limiting the depth of incisors, which is installed with the possibility of installation movement relative to the plate and with the possibility of rigid connection with the plate in between th positions;

In addition, a well-known working body is characterized by the following features:

-a device for limiting the depth of incisors is made in the form of at least one knife with a cutting element made of carbide material;

knives that are located symmetrically at the ends of the plate;

- the cutting element of the knife is made in the form of a plate, and the knife is made with a groove to accommodate the plate;

- the plate is made in the form of separate sections;

- the working body is equipped with tool holders fixed to the plate with channels for accommodating incisors;

- tool holders are evenly spaced along the longitudinal axis of the plate at its lower end;

-Each cutter has an carbide insert located at its front end;

- the insert has the shape of a body of revolution;

-plate made in the form of separate sections.

A disadvantage of the known working body (knife) of a road construction machine is its structural complexity, due to the complex profile of the cutting elements, the design of the plate and plate in the form of separate sections and the presence of adjustments to limit the depth of incisors.

The technical result, which consists in eliminating the noted drawbacks, is achieved in the proposed knife of the middle blade of the motor grader, made in the form of a steel plate with holes for fasteners and with a longitudinal groove, in which carbide cutting elements are fixed by soldering, so that the carbide cutting elements are made in the form of short the plates installed in the longitudinal groove end-to-end to each other with the formation of a solid carbide cutting blade, and the end face of the steel plate from the side of the cutting blade is made angle of 15 ° - 20 °. However, to ensure the necessary performance characteristics

the ratio of the average width of the carbide cutting blade to its thickness; it is from 3.5: 1 to 4.5: 1, and the ratio of the length of the knife to the length of the lodgement of the grader on which the knife is mounted is from 1.9: 1 to 2.1 : 1.

To ensure the safety requirements for road construction equipment, in the initial and final zones of the plane of the steel plate there are signs of overall dimensions, made in the form of inclined black stripes on a yellow background.

The dryness of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where:

FIG. 1 presents a General view of the inventive knife;

FIG. 2 shows a cross section AA of a steel plate in an enlarged scale;

FIG. Figure 3 shows a view B (on an enlarged scale), explaining the fastening of the cutting elements in a longitudinal groove and the designation of geometric parameters (b, d, h, a).

The knife of the middle blade of the graders (Fig. 1) is made in the form of a steel plate 1 with holes 2 for fasteners and with a longitudinal groove 3 (Fig. 2), in which carbide cutting elements are made by brazing, made in the form of short plates 4 mounted in the longitudinal the groove 3 is butt to each other with the formation of a solid carbide cutting blade, and the end face of the steel plate 1 from the side of the cutting blade is made beveled at an angle of 15 ° - 20 ° (Fig. 3).

The ratio of the thickness b of the steel plate 1 to the width d of the longitudinal groove 3 is from 3.5: 1 to 4.5: 1, and the ratio of the average width h of the carbide cutting blade to its thickness d is from 3.5: 1 to 4, 5: 1, which provides the necessary structural strength of the knife.

/ 2

4

The ratio of the length of the knife to the length of the lodgement of the grader (not shown), on which the knife is mounted, is from 1.9: 1 to 2.1: 1.

In the initial 5 and final 6 zones of the plane of the steel plate 1 there are signs of overall dimensions made in the form of inclined black stripes 7 on a yellow background.

The knife is fastened by means of bolts (not shown in the drawing) through holes 2 to the lodgement of the middle blade of the grader (not shown in the drawing).

The device operates as follows.

When the motor grader is operating, the blade with the knife fixed on it using the lifting-lowering mechanism (not shown in the drawing) is lowered to come into contact with the roadway.

In winter, when the grader moves forward, the knife, moving along the roadbed, cleans the surface of snow and ice in the winter.

During construction and repair work, the knife cuts off the top layer of the road surface to a predetermined depth and prepares the surface for subsequent technological operations.

When the knife glides with the working edge along the road surface under abrasive friction, the knife is worn in height.

The proposed knives of the middle blade of motor graders have passed industrial tests.

Steel plates of knives are reinforced with carbide inserts ZhRO130x20x1820 TS (TU 4872-002-0085994-2001-06-21).

Soldered carbide cutting elements 4, having increased strength (HRc 87-90) and wear resistance, significantly reduce knife wear in height during operation of the grader and increase efficiency during road works.

The use of knives with soldered carbide cutting elements compared to steel increases the service life of knives by 15-20 times (from 150 km to 3,000 km of motor grader mileage) and reduces the cost of moving the knives.

Sources of information:

1. RF patent No. 2129633, M. Cl. EOSH 5/12, Е21С 35/183, published. 1999 year

2. RF patent No. 2092693, M.C. E21C 35/18, E21C 35/183, published. 1997 year

3. RF patent No. 2071562, M.C. E21C 35/18 published. 1997 year

4. Utility Model Certificate No. 0002113, M.Kl. EOSH 5/06, E02F 3/815, published. 1996 - a prototype. 6

Claims (4)

1. The blade of the middle blade of the motor graders, made in the form of a steel plate with holes for fasteners and with a longitudinal groove, in which carbide cutting elements are fixed by soldering, characterized in that the carbide cutting elements are made in the form of short plates installed end-to-end in the longitudinal groove to friend with the formation of a solid carbide cutting blade, and the end face of the steel plate from the side of the cutting blade is made beveled at an angle α = 15-20 ^° .
2. The knife of the middle blade graders according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the thickness of the steel plate to the width of the longitudinal groove is from 3.5: 1 to 4.5: 1.  3. The knife of the middle blade of the graders according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the average width of the carbide cutting blade to its thickness is from 3.5: 1 to 4.5: 1.  4. The knife of the middle blade of the graders according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the length of the knife to the length of the lodgement of the grader on which the knife is mounted is from 1.9: 1 to 2.1: 1. 5. The knife of the middle blade of the graders according to claim 1, characterized in that in the initial and final zones of the plane of the steel plate there are signs of overall dimensions made in the form of inclined black stripes on a yellow background.