RU2140014C1 - Aviaspace engines for space aircraft - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: space flights. SUBSTANCE: proposed engine includes thermonuclear engine and electronic electric jet engine. Thermonuclear reaction gives off energy by 84.5 times more than energy obtained at fission in nuclear jet engine. It contains lithium tube with lithium-6, deuterium tube with deuterium, solenoid, cathode and anode. Thermonuclear energy is used for forming pulse more than 3•10⁷ m/s. During launch, both engines operate. Thermonuclear electric jet engine is used for launching boost and electronic electric jet engine performs function of ram-jet engine as far as upper atmosphere layer where thermonuclear engines start operating and space aircraft starts flying in space. EFFECT: possibility of forming pulses more than 3.10 m/s. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention can be used for space planes acting as shuttles between the Earth and space.

 The prototype is a nuclear rocket engine. /cm. Corliss U.R. "Rocket engines for space travel." ed. 1962 p. 308 - 323 /.

 In the NUCLEUS, fission energy is 84.5 times less than thermonuclear energy. It has a lot of weight per unit of power. Generates a large amount of radioactive waste, which is a ballast.

In the drawing, figures are indicated in Arabic numerals. Figure 1. A longitudinal section of the ERD is depicted. Arabic numerals indicate the details on the figure. Case 1. Lithium tube 2 with lithium-6. Pump 3 pumps lithium into neutron irradiator 4, irradiating lithium with slow neutrons. Reflector 5 reflects neutrons. Plutonium carbide emits neutrons. Neutron Deputy 7 slows down neutrons. Deuterium tube 8 with deuterium. Pump 9 pumps deuterium into the core 10 for nuclear fusion of lithium-6 with slow neutrons and a thermonuclear reaction with the resulting tritium with incoming deuterium. The wall of the active zone 11 is made of zirconium carbide with a mirror coating. The melting point of zirconium carbide 3800 ^o . Mirror coating reflects radiation. Shirt tube 12 connects the shirt to the core. The shirt 13 cools with hydrogen a solenoid 14, which protects the core wall, cathode and anode by the Lorentz force. The ring-shaped cathode 15 radiates electrodes with a ring-shaped anode 16 create an asymmetric magnetic field that accelerates a high-temperature plasma under the action of the Ampere force. A tank with liquid hydrogen 17. A pipe for hydrogen 18. The pump 19 pumps hydrogen into the jacket 20. The pump 21 pumps air into the jacket. Nozzle 22 creates traction. Figure 2. A longitudinal section of an electronic electric propulsion is shown. Case 23. Diffuser 24 for flight in the atmosphere. Central channel 25. Quartz insulator 26 with a mirror coating. A solenoid coil 27 by the Lorentz force in the acceleration zone protects the anode and, together with the cathode and anode, creates an asymmetric magnetic field and under the action of the Ampere force, the working fluid is accelerated. The cathode 28 emits a stream of electrons, which are the working fluid.

 The work of electronic electric propulsion. A spark is formed between the cathode 28 and the anode 29, heating the air coming from the diffuser to a high temperature. When an electron electric propulsion is operating in space, a positive space charge is formed. The hull of the spacecraft has a large area and mass. It absorbs the electrons of a high-temperature working fluid emerging from the nozzle of a nuclear propulsion jet, neutralizes a positive space charge. The spacecraft hull is a neutralizer of positive space charge.

 The work of nuclear propulsion. Uses nuclear fusion energy to convert hydrogen to plasma. Molten lithium-6 is pumped into a neutron irradiator and irradiated with slow neutrons. A nuclear fusion reaction occurs with the formation of helium and tritium. A sufficient amount of energy is released for the thermonuclear reaction of the resulting tritium with incoming deuterium. Hydrogen enters through the jacket into the core and is heated to a high temperature. The solenoid coil, cathode and anode create an asymmetric magnetic field in the acceleration zone under the action of the Ampere force, the plasma accelerates, leaving the nozzle, creates a thrust. If the tank is filled with liquid nitrogen, then you can create a start with air from the pipe, pumped by the compressor.

1 kg of lithium-6 + slow neutron generates energy 4.6 • 10 ¹¹ J. 1 kg of tritium + deuterium releases energy 1.69 • 10 ¹² J. Only 2.15 • 10 ¹² J. Thermonuclear rocket engines can have an impulse of up to 3 • 10 m / s. Electric rocket engines can have a pulse of 10 ³ -10 ⁵ m / s with high efficiency / cm. E.D. Grishin and L.V. Leskov, "Electric Rocket Engines," ed. 1989, p. 448 /. Nuclear EREs with electronic ERE can generate momentum of more than 3 • 10 ⁷ m / s.

Claims (1)

 A nuclear rocket engine, including a nuclear reactor and an electronic accelerator, comprising a housing, a liquid hydrogen tank, a pump, a magnetic nozzle through which gases, a turbine, a ring-shaped anode exit, characterized in that it contains a ring-shaped cathode and a solenoid coil around the core wall, creating an asymmetric magnetic field accelerating ionized hydrogen under the action of the Ampere force and a magnetic nozzle, moreover, the nuclear reactor is equipped with a neutron irradiator containing a neutron reflector, a neutron moderator from sida beryllium and plutonium emitting neutrons and slow neutrons irradiating lithium-6 entering the tube, the pump pumps the hydrogen through the jacket, a turbine with an electric generator to the core, the housing is neutralizer positive space charge generated during operation of the electron accelerator.

Images