RU2134719C1 - Detergent for cleaning metallic surface - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy, machine building, automobile manufacture, more particularly cleaning of metallic surface from preservative lubricants, fat and dirt contaminations, adhered particles of metal and dust, preparation of metal surface prior to application of phosphate coating. SUBSTANCE: detergent comprises, g/l: sodium hydroxide, 6.44-11.04; sodium carbonate, 5.74-9.84; sodium metasilicate, 0.42-0.72; oxyethylated monononyl phenol based on propylene trimers with 12 ethylene oxide moles, 0.084-0.144; oxyethylated mononyl phenol based on propylene trimers with ethylene oxide moles, 0.056-0.096; sodium tripolyphosphate, 1.26-2.16, and water, up to 1 l. EFFECT: high degree of cleaning, low consumption of detergent and reduced manufacturing cost. 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to detergent compositions and can be used in metallurgy for cleaning a metal strip of preservation greases, grease and dirt, adhering metal particles, dust, as well as mechanical engineering, the automotive industry during metal surface preparation operations before applying a phosphate coating by electroplating or painting.

Known detergent (RU 2062297, 06/20/96 /, for cleaning a metal surface containing components, wt.%:
Sodium metasilicate - 0.6 - 1.3
Soda Ash - 1.9 - 3.5
Polyethylene glycol esters of synthetic fatty acid monoethanolamides fraction C ₁₀ -C ₁₆ - 0.1 - 0.2
Polyethylene glycol esters of synthetic fatty alcohols fraction C ₁₀ -C ₁₈ - 0.2 - 0.4
Sodium tetraborate - 0.3 - 0.5
Sodium Sulfate - 1.5 - 2.7
Water - Else
Using this tool in the form of an aqueous solution at a temperature of 70-80 ^o C and a degreasing time of 5-15 minutes, it is possible to achieve the desired quality of degreasing a metal surface, but if the processing time is reduced to 25-30 sec, the degreasing quality is unsatisfactory.

Closest to the invention for its intended purpose and the achieved result is a detergent containing the following ratio of components, in%:
Oxyethylated octylphenol benzyl ester - 5
Sodium hydroxide - 30
Sodium Carbonate - 30
Sodium Metasilicate (5H ₂ O) - 35
/ "Surface phenomena and surfactants." Handbook, 1984, p. 349 /.

 Having a satisfactory washing ability, the composition has significant disadvantages. The large amount of sodium metasilicate forms a passive film on the metal surface, which subsequently negatively affects the formation of various protective films. Oxyethylated octylphenol benzene ester is an expensive and scarce product, which leads to certain difficulties in the production of this tool. The product has increased foaming, which also eliminates the possibility of its use in spray washing units.

 The main disadvantage is the unsatisfactory quality of processing while reducing degreasing time.

 The objective of the invention is to develop such a detergent for cleaning a metal surface, the use of which improves the washing ability while reducing the degreasing time of 25-30 seconds and there is a low foaming ability.

и оксиэтилированный монононилфенол на основе тримеров пропилена, содержащий в молекуле 9 моль окиси этилена

с триполифосфатом натрия, при следующем соотношении компонентов, г/л:
Гидроксид натрия - 6,44 - 11,04
Карбонат натрия - 5,74 - 9,84
Метасиликат натрия - 0,42 - 0,72
Оксиэтилированный монононилфенол на основе тримеров пропилена, содержащий в молекуле 12 моль окиси этилена - 0,084 - 0,144
Оксиэтилированный монононилфенол на основе тримеров пропилена, содержащий в молекуле 9 моль окиси этилена - 0,056 - 0,096
Триполифосфат натрия - 1,26 - 2,16
Вода - Остальное до 1 л
Причем массовое соотношение смеси ПАВ к триполифосфату натрия составляет 1:9.This object is achieved in that the detergent containing sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium metasilicate additionally contains a surfactant mixture (ethoxylated monononylphenol based on propylene trimers, containing 12 mol of ethylene oxide in the molecule

and ethoxylated monononylphenol based on propylene trimers containing 9 mol of ethylene oxide in a molecule

with sodium tripolyphosphate, in the following ratio of components, g / l:
Sodium hydroxide - 6.44 - 11.04
Sodium carbonate - 5.74 - 9.84
Sodium Metasilicate - 0.42 - 0.72
Oxyethylated monononylphenol based on propylene trimers containing 12 mol of ethylene oxide in a molecule - 0.084 - 0.144
Oxyethylated monononylphenol based on propylene trimers containing 9 mol of ethylene oxide in the molecule - 0.056 - 0.096
Sodium Tripolyphosphate - 1.26 - 2.16
Water - The rest is up to 1 liter
Moreover, the mass ratio of the surfactant mixture to sodium tripolyphosphate is 1: 9.

 The selected ratio of the components of the detergent allows you to achieve the desired result and provide a high washing ability with a degreasing time of not more than 25 - 30 seconds.

 An aqueous solution of detergent has a slight foaming and can be used in jet-type washers (jet pressure up to 3 atm).

 The efficiency and stability of the degree of purification with a washing solution is maintained during the accumulation of a significant amount of contaminants.

 For the study, 5 detergent solutions were prepared with a different ratio of components and a known solution.

A detergent solution was prepared by sequentially dissolving in warm water (35-40 ^o C) for 15-20 minutes the estimated number of ingredients.

 After their complete dissolution, the solution was pumped into a working bath.

Famous was prepared by dissolving 20-25 g of the finished product in 1 liter of water heated to 45-50 ^o C.

 The compositions of the known and proposed detergents are shown in table 1.

 The quality of cleaning was determined by the method of studying the metal for fat and mechanical impurities.

 The tests were carried out on standard metal samples of size 70X150 mm.

For greasy contamination, the samples were degreased in a washing solution at a temperature of 70-75 ^o C, time - 30 seconds. Washed in cold water, then in hot. Dried with alcohol and dried in air.

где m₁ - масса образца до обезжиривания, г;
m₂ - масса образца после обезжиривания, г;
m_ж - масса жировых загрязнений, г/м²;
S - площадь образца (стандарт.0,021 м²).The calculation was carried out according to the formula:

where m ₁ is the mass of the sample before degreasing, g;
m ₂ is the mass of the sample after degreasing, g;
m _W - the mass of fat contaminants, g / m ² ;
S - sample area (standard .0,021 m ² ).

 Further, these same samples were examined for mechanical impurities.

 Samples were wiped with rags dipped in ethanol until the sample was completely cleaned and weighed.

где m₃ - масса образца после обработки спиртом, г;
m₂ - масса образца после обезжиривания, г;
S - площадь образца, м² (стандарт 0,021 м²);
m_мех - масса механических загрязнений, г/м².The calculation was carried out according to the formula:

where m ₃ is the mass of the sample after treatment with alcohol, g;
m ₂ is the mass of the sample after degreasing, g;
S - sample area, m ² (standard 0,021 m ² );
m _fur - mass of mechanical impurities, g / m ² .

Solutions of the proposed and known detergents were tested for foaming ability. The essence of the determination was that 100 cm ^{3 of} solution was poured into a standard cylinder of 250 cm ³ , closed with a stopper and shaken 20 times. After 15 seconds, the initial foam height was measured in cm. The determination was carried out at a temperature of 60 ^o C.

 The test results of the proposed and known detergents are shown in table 2.

 As can be seen from the examples (see table 2, pr. 2,3,4), the sodium hydroxide content, sodium metasilicate, ethoxylated monononylphenol based on propylene trimers containing 12 mol of ethylene oxide in the molecule, ethoxylated monononylphenol based on propylene trimers containing in the molecule 9 mol of ethylene oxide, sodium tripolyphosphate within the claimed limits provide a significantly better quality of metal cleaning of samples with a degreasing time of not more than 30 seconds.

 A change in the content of components above or below the declared limits (see table 2, etc. 1.5) leads in one case to a decrease in washing ability, and in another to high foaming of the working solution.

 Example 6 characterizes the foaming ability and detergent of the prototype.

The use of the proposed detergent provides the following technical and economic advantages:
a high degree of cleaning of the metal surface with a short processing time;
low drug consumption and reduced production costs.

Claims (1)

Detergent for cleaning a metal surface containing sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium metasilicate, characterized in that it additionally contains a surfactant mixture (ethoxylated monononylphenol based on propylene trimers containing 12 moles of ethylene oxide in a molecule

and ethoxylated monononylphenol based on propylene trimers containing 9 moles of ethylene oxide in a molecule

with sodium tripolyphosphate in the following ratio of components, g / l:
Sodium hydroxide - 6.44 - 11.04
Sodium carbonate - 5.74 - 9.84
Sodium Metasilicate - 0.42 - 0.72
Ethoxylated monononylphenol based on propylene trimers containing 12 moles of ethylene oxide in a molecule

- 0,084 - 0,144
Ethoxylated monononylphenol based on propylene trimers containing 9 moles of ethylene oxide in a molecule

- 0.056 - 0.096
Sodium Tripolyphosphate - 1.26 - 2.16
Water - The rest is up to 1 liter,
moreover, the mass ratio of the mixture of surfactants and sodium tripolyphosphate is 1: 9.

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