RU2134357C1 - Rotary internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ground, air and water transport and power plants. SUBSTANCE: rotor 2 in form of toothed shaft and shutoff 4 in form of splined shaft are installed in inner space of housing 3. These members form three sections, one being intake and compression section, the other, combustion section, and third, working stroke section. Engine can be furnished additionally with sections playing part of fuel pump. EFFECT: increased efficiency and simplified design. 3 dwg

Description

 Rotary internal combustion engine (ICE) can be used in land, air and water transport and other power plants.

 Known rotary internal combustion engine (US patent 2977939, class F 01 C 1/20, 1961), comprising a housing in the inner cavity of which a rotor is installed in the form of a gear shaft and locks in the form of a splined shaft. These structural elements form two sections - the inlet section and the compression section and the combustion chamber.

 Known rotary internal combustion engine (US patent 5605124, class F 02 B 53/00, 1997), comprising a housing in the inner cavity of which is located a rotor in the form of a gear wheel and a shutter in the form of a splined shaft, while forming a shutter tightly touch the generatrix of the rotor. The engine includes three sections, one of which performs the intake and compression of the fuel mixture, the second serves as a combustion chamber, and in the third a stroke and exhaust gas flow are performed.

 The objective of the invention is to increase efficiency and simplify the design.

 The technical result is achieved in that in a rotary internal combustion engine containing a housing, in the inner cavity of which a rotor is installed in the form of a gear shaft, a shutter in the form of a spline shaft and three sections, one of which is the intake and compression section, the second is combustion, and the third - working stroke, all sections are arranged on the same axis in series and communicate with each other by channels made in the rotor. In this case, the engine is equipped with at least one more section, for example, a fuel pump or hydraulic pump, or a section where water vapor obtained from cooling the engine and from the heat of the exhaust gases performs additional work.

 In FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a rotary machine. The section depicting the engine cycles “filling” and “compression” is depicted.

 In FIG. 2 shows the second section of the engine, which performs the function of a combustion chamber.

 In FIG. 3 depicts a section of the engine, performing the "stroke" and "release".

 A rotary internal combustion engine consists of several sections assembled on the same axis in series. In the housing 3 there are three cavities: one central cavity and two closure. The first section performs “fill” and “compression” beats. It includes a rotor 2 located in the central cavity in the form of a gear shaft, in which the teeth 1 (the number of teeth may be more than two) are located between the shoulders. The teeth performing the functions of the pistons are fixed motionless and are located symmetrically about the axis. For this reason, the presence of counter-masses is not required.

 The outer diameter of the gear shaft is equal to the inner diameter of the central cavity. In adjacent cavities are located the shutters (rollers) 4 in the form of splined shafts, which have cavities 5. In the body of the teeth channels 6 are made, communicating the first section with the next section. The fuel mixture inlet channels are not shown; they are located in the outer flange of the rotor.

 In the housing, rotor and valves there are channels for the coolant. The second section (Fig. 2) performs the function of a combustion chamber. The volume of the working cavities of the second section 10 and 11 is less than the volume of the working cavities of the first section 7 and 8 in multiplicity of compression of the working mixture. In addition to similar elements of the first section, the second section has spark plugs 9 and a different arrangement and dimensions of the channel 12, through which gases after ignition of the fuel mixture rush into the working cavity of the third section. The third section (Fig. 3) has all the elements and their sizes similar to the first section and differs by the location of the gas inlet channels 14 and their release 15. The rotor 2 is kinematically connected to the valves 4 through a gear transmission (not shown in the figures), allowing the rotor and the valves to rotate synchronously, but in different directions. The number of shutters is equal to the number of teeth.

 In the proposed design of the machine there is no energy loss due to friction in bearings from the pressure of the working fluid and to overcome the inertia of the rotating parts during steady-state operation. The design of the machine is simple because most of the working surfaces of the main parts are cylindrical in shape and there are no valves and their mechanisms.

 A rotary internal combustion engine may have additional sections, one of which serves as a fuel pump, the other as a hydraulic pump. One of the main tasks of the hydraulic pump is to create a counteraction to the pressure of ignited gases on the working bodies of the engine.

 When the engine is running, compressed air and a combustible fuel mixture press on the rotor and shutter. This pressure at some angles of rotation tries to push the rotor and shutter, which is unacceptable when the engine is running. To exclude this moment and create the required number of rotor supports and shutter sections of the hydraulic pump are made. When the engine is operating in these sections, the pressure of the fluid entering them is created, which balances the forces that move the rotor and the shutter. Thus, there is no pressure on the bearings of the rotor and the shutter from the pressure of gas and air during engine operation. Bearings perceive only the weight of the rotor and shutter, so friction losses in the bearings are negligible.

 Due to the fact that the proposed engine has a hydraulic pump, it is impractical to take power from a rotating rotor. In the proposed engine, power take-off can be carried out by fluid from hydraulic pumps. The fluid through a system of pipelines, hydraulic valves, hydraulic spools and hydraulic accumulators, which are widely used in hydraulic systems of various machines, enters the hydraulic motors that drive the wheels of the machine. The use of a hydraulic actuator will eliminate mechanical clutch, gear change, mechanical brakes, reduce wear on parts, simplify vehicle control and allow accumulating braking energy with its further use for acceleration. The hydraulic drive will allow you to position the engine arbitrarily anywhere in the vehicle and in any position.

 The engine operates as follows.

 The first beat. When the rotor 2 rotates clockwise in the first section (Fig. 1), a vacuum is created in the working cavities 7 and they are filled with the fuel mixture through the inlet channel (not shown). The first cycle ends when the rotor teeth go into the valleys of the gates and the surfaces of the valleys block the channels 6, and the side surfaces of the shutters block the inlet channels.

 The second beat. With further rotation of the rotor, the teeth coming out of the troughs will compress the fuel mixture, which through the opened channels 6 will go into the working cavities 10 of the second section, where it will be compressed, because the volume of the cavities 10 is several times smaller than the volume of the cavities 8. The second cycle will end when the teeth again go into the depressions and the surfaces of the shutters block all channels.

 Third beat. With further rotation of the rotor at the initial moment, the mixture is ignited by candles 9. Gases from the ignited mixture from the cavities 11 through the channels 12 rush into the working cavities of the third section, where, expanding, the rotor is forced to rotate. In this case, in addition to the gas pressure force on the rotor teeth, the reactive force of the gas flow from the channels 15 also acts. The third cycle also ends with the teeth entering the troughs and closing all the channels.

 Fourth measure. With further rotation of the rotor, the teeth will exit the depressions, the exhaust channels 15 will open and the exhaust gases will exit the working cavity.

 As can be seen from the attached figures, under steady-state operation, all four measures are aligned in time, i.e. when the rotor rotates 180 degrees, all four cycles occur simultaneously, which means that the torque from the gas pressure forces in the third and fourth additional sections will rotate the rotor constantly, excluding only the time of the end of the cycles.

Claims (1)

 A rotary internal combustion engine comprising a housing, in the inner cavity of which a rotor is installed in the form of a gear shaft, a shutter in the form of a spline shaft and three sections, one of which is the intake and compression section, the second is combustion, and the third is a working stroke, characterized in that it is provided with at least one more section, and all sections are located on the same axis in series and communicated between the channels made in the rotor.

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