RU2133646C1 - Pneumatic floatation-gravitation machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: concentration of mineral resources, in particular, pneumatic floatation machines, applicable both for concentration of diamond- containing ores (grain size up to 2 mm) at enterprises of diamond-mining industry and for ores of non-ferrous, rare, noble and ferrous metals (grain size up to 0.2 mm), non-metallic minerals and coal. SUBSTANCE: the machine uses a cylindrical vertically installed floatation chamber with a tapered base, dispersive device located in the center of the chamber, foam collector, device for classifying and separate output of coarse and fine tailings, pulp level regulator. The machine is furnished with an additional disperse device installed in the lower tapered section of the chamber, device for unloading of chamber product consisting of an unloading box, pocket with a valve-type control member, tap with a hose gate and pipe with an air-lift, and the device for classifying and separate output of coarse and fine tailings is made as a gravitation chamber representing a cylinder with a tapered base connected to the floatation chamber through a feed branch pipe. EFFECT: expanded range of grain size of concentrated mineral and reduced power consumption. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the beneficiation of minerals, and in particular to the designs of flotation machines of a pneumatic type, and can be used both for the beneficiation of diamond-bearing ores (fineness up to 2 mm) at the enterprises of the diamond mining industry, and for non-ferrous, rare, noble and ferrous metals (fineness up to 0.2 mm), non-metallic materials and coal.

 A known machine for flotogravitational enrichment of minerals, including cascade type pulp feeder, separation chamber, pulp aerator and discharge device (ed. St. USSR N 230755, class B 03 D 1/14, publ. 15.11.68). The aerator has an air distributor for differentially supplying it to the pulp and consists of a pressure stabilizer, a manifold system, pressure reducers, a switch, a pressure meter and rubber dispersants.

 The disadvantages of the machine include its unreliability in operation due to the use of perforated rubber tubes that harden, tear during operation, and do not provide the required dispersion of air bubbles, thereby disrupting the flotation process.

 The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed one is a flotation screening machine, including a camera, a dispersing device, a foam receiver, a device for classifying and separately distributing large and small tails (I.N. Plaksin et al. "Enrichment of coarsely ground ores by flotation". .: Science, 1968, p. 17 - 21).

 The classifying tail docking device is structurally integral with the machine body and is made in the form of a spitskasten with a pyramidal bottom and height-adjustable external drain threshold.

 The main disadvantage of this machine is the low utilization of the dispersing device, pore overgrowth, which causes frequent stops for cleaning, and, consequently, disruption of the process.

 In the flotation machine, the pulp is strongly diluted with water, which is supplied for loosening, which causes a large consumption of water and the need for its removal.

 Separation of tails by size classes is inefficient, since only water is used for this.

 All of the above reduces the technical and economic indicators of the flotation process.

 The inventive machine allows you to expand the range of ore being processed and can be used in three modes: flotation-pneumatic separation, gravity separation, flotation-gravity separation. At the same time, the productivity of the machine increases with significantly higher technological parameters. This is achieved by using a gravitational chamber as a device for separating the tails, the principle of which is based on the input of material tangentially and separation due to centrifugal force.

 In addition, the use of an additional aerator allows you to maintain coarse material in suspension while the fine fraction is being unloaded, which also improves the process of separating the tailings into fineness classes.

 The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known flotation-gravity machine, including a cylindrical with a conical base and a vertically mounted chamber, a dispersing device located in the center of the chamber, a foam receiver, a device for classifying and separately dispensing large and small tails, a pulp level controller, according to the proposed To the solution, the machine is equipped with an additional dispersing device installed in the lower conical part of the chamber and a device for unloading the chamber product, and a device for classifying and separately distributing large and small tails is made in the form of a gravitational chamber, which is a cylinder with a conical base, equipped with a regulating device.

 In FIG. 1 presents the proposed flotation-gravity pneumatic machine. It includes: a cylindrical flotation chamber with a conical base 1; a main dispersing device located in the center of the chamber 2; an additional dispersing device installed in the lower conical part of the chamber 3; foam receiver 4; a device for classifying and separately distributing large and small tails 5, which is a gravity chamber 6 in the form of a cylinder with a conical base connected to the flotation chamber by a supply pipe 7; pulp level control 8; a device for unloading a chamber product 9, consisting of an unloading box 10, a pocket with a valve-type regulating body 11, an outlet with a hose lock 12 and a pipe with an airlift 13.

 The machine operates as follows.

 The machine is loaded with initial power through a feed device welded around the periphery of chamber 1. The pulp exiting through the holes of the peripheral feed device is evenly distributed over the cross-section of chamber 1. Compressed air passing through a moisture separator, receiver, and junction box passes through the connecting hose to the main dispersing device 2, where, passing through holes in the inner casing, it is dispersed into bubbles, which, crushing on reflective disks into smaller ones they rise towards the movement of the pulp, mineralize, forming a foam layer. At the same time, due to the vacuum created in the dispersant, the pulp is sucked in with the air, which is ejected from the dispersant 2 at the level of the reflecting disks and the pulper cap (which enter the dispersing device) again into the chamber 1, where it is re-floated, which significantly increases the efficiency of the machine.

 An additional dispersing device 3, mounted in the lower conical part of the chamber, is a set of rubber washers of various diameters, between which compressed air is passed, designed both to supply additional dispersed air to the chamber (at low flow rates), and to supply the maximum possible amount air, with the help of which (during the start-up of the machine, stopped under load), bubbled-in pulp is bubbled.

 The ability to control the flow and pressure of air supplied to the main 2 and additional 3 dispersing devices, allows you to control the progress of the flotation process.

 The foam product (concentrate, industrial product) is discharged through the drain threshold of the gravity-fed machine into the foam receiver 4. The pulp level controller 8 is designed to automatically maintain a given level of pulp in the machine chamber. The chamber product (tails) is unloaded either through an unloading box 10 and an outlet with a hose lock 12 into a pocket 11 with a valve-type regulating body, or fed to further enrich the product in the gravity chamber 6.

 An airlift device 13 is mounted on the pipeline connecting the outlet 12 and the pocket 11 to improve the conditions for unloading the chamber product. Gravity chamber 6 provides additional classification and enrichment by size of useful minerals from the sand fraction of the flotation chamber of the machine with a simultaneous concentration of useful minerals. The gravity chamber 6 is equipped with a regulating device with which the output of sand and slurry fractions is regulated. The pulp through the feed pipe 7 is fed tangentially to the wall of the cylindrical part of the gravitational chamber 6, the pulp rotates at high speed and under the influence of centrifugal force in excess of gravity, classification and enrichment by size are carried out. Large and heavy particles are concentrated near the walls of the cylindrical part and are discharged in the form of thickened sand through the lower discharge opening, and the main part of the liquid - water, together with small and light particles - is discharged through a drain pipe located in the upper part of the body of the gravity chamber 6.

The inventive machine allows you to: combine flotation and gravity enrichment methods in a machine, use both countercurrent and forward flow operation flotation modes, combine the main, control, and cleanup flotation stages in one machine in combination with centrifugal gravity enrichment of a chamber product, expand the size range of the mineral to be enriched (for diamond-bearing ores, fineness - up to 2 mm), increase pulp productivity (180 m ³ / h), reduce dimensions and reduce energy costs (due to the combination of processes of flotation and centrifugal separation).

Claims (1)

 A flotation-gravity pneumatic machine, including a cylindrical with a conical base and a vertically mounted flotation chamber, a dispersing device located in the center of the chamber, a foam receiver, a device for classifying and separately dispensing large and small tails, a pulp level regulator, characterized in that it is equipped with a pulp conical part of the chamber with an additional dispersing device, a device for unloading the chamber product, consisting of an unloading box, a pocket with Uhlir valve body type, gate tap with a hose and pipe airlift, and a device for classification and separate dispensing of large and small tails is in the form of gravitational chamber is a cylinder with a conical base connected to the flotation chamber feed pipe.