RU2132462C1 - Method for development of kimberlite pipes in permafrost zone - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry. SUBSTANCE: method can be used in development of diamond deposits by combination method. According to method, simultaneously with formation of benches in opencast operations and recovering of kimberlite, driven are bore-holes, cross headings and basic workings in first level down to boundary of permafrost zone. Level is divided in sublevels starting from design boundary of opencast operations. In sublevel, ore body is divided into strips and driven in them are ventilation and delivery drifts of increased cross-section. Drifts are connected to each other by vertical bore-holes which are widened by means of bore-hole explosive charges so as to create compensation spaces. Total amount of ore in procedure must not exceed 12-20%. Application of aforesaid method allows for ensuring stable functioning of mine when opencast operations are stopped due to climatic conditions with normal operation of concentration plant without opencast work in compliance with preset plan. As compensation spaces are enlarged in number, they are eliminated by exploding bore-hole charges in pillars between spaces. Overcompressed ore obtained in this case is subjected to shrinkage. On completion of opencast operations, ore subjected to shrinkage is released from all sublevels of block through bottom located at boundary of permafrost zone. Carried out is proportioned vibration release of ore into sectional proportioning devices with bottom discharge and reciprocating motion. Thus, created in kimberlite pipe space is common flow with horizontally moving surface. Freed stoping space is filled with ice and mine production tailings. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 12 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the development of a combined open-underground method of diamond deposits in the harsh conditions of Yakutia.

 Currently, the upper part of kimberlite pipes in the permafrost zone (300-500 m) to the aquifer is mined by deep pits. The depth of the quarries reaches 600 m. At such depths, the problem arose of ventilating the quarries from gas contamination caused by blasting operations, as well as the operation of vehicles.

The lower part of the quarry is in the shade in winter due to the low rising sun above the horizon. The air temperature reaches 50-60 ^o C. In the stagnant frosty air at the bottom of the quarry gas accumulates from blasting, working cars, which creates unsafe working conditions. Due to poor ventilation, deep kimberlite quarries do not work for 150-170 days a year, which significantly increases the cost of extracting and processing kimberlites.

 Preventive maintenance of machines and mechanisms in freezing air affects the quality of these works, which reduces the durability and performance of machines and mechanisms.

 Low temperatures in the quarry, gas contamination undermine the health of miners, reduce labor productivity.

 The road transport of rock mass through the screw ramps of a deep quarry is inefficient and leads to high operating costs (increased consumption of fuels and lubricants, tires, spare parts), as well as high capital costs (short term operation of dump trucks).

 All of the above together increases the cost of kimberlite mining.

 Modern technology and mining machines for underground mining can significantly reduce costs when developing kimberlite pipes in its upper part in the permafrost zone, in the harsh conditions of Yakutia.

The created mountain complexes of self-propelled equipment provide for the excavation of openings with a cross section of 10-20 m ² with a capacity of up to 40 m ^{3 of} rock mass per worker. The treatment technology and the used machines for breaking and loading are not inferior in labor productivity in tons of mined kimberlite per person per shift.

In addition, the main advantage of underground mining of the upper part of the kimberlite pipe in the harsh conditions of Yakutia is the provision of comfortable working conditions for miners at temperatures of -2 and -10 ^o C, without piercing winds, a polluted atmosphere, which will affect the health of workers in conditions of high labor costs.

 Based on the foregoing, for mining kimberlite pipes in the permafrost zone, it is advisable to revise the boundary of open cast mining. This border should be determined not from the technical capabilities of mining equipment for open cast mining, but from the actually achieved economic indicators for open cast mining in the harsh conditions of Yakutia and, most importantly, the working conditions of workers must be taken into account.

 It is advisable to develop a kimberlite pipe in the permafrost zone using a combined open-underground method.

 A known method for the combined development of close steeply falling strata (see, for example, AS 1060794 E 21 C 41/06), including the simultaneous excavation of formations by open and underground work, quarry development of one stratum with ledges, underground development of another stratum by floor caving with the formation of chambers and inter-chamber pillars, collapse of pillars and the overlying rock strata, the formation of collapse zones and craters of failure in the excavation area and the placement of overburden rock quarry in the failure zone. The upper floor is developed along strike with a collapse step equal to the width of the chamber and the interchamber pillar, and the chambers have a long side along the strike. The funnel of failure is formed in the central part of the excavation site, the funnel is expanded when the pillars collapse towards the outer borders of the excavation site and deepened when developing the underlying floors, the chambers of which have a long side across the strike, and the collapse zone is formed along the interface line between the working and ultimate contours of the quarry. In this case, the safety berm is formed of a constant value by mining in open and underground methods in certain volumes.

 The disadvantage of the existing method is the difficulty of conducting joint open and underground operations under safety conditions, as well as large losses and dilution of ore during underground operations.

 The closest in technical essence solution is a method of combined development of mineral deposits by AS N 690181 E 21 C 41/00. The method includes conducting open pit mining with the formation of ledges in conjunction with underground work, the creation of compensating spaces, the formation of temporary pillars, the conduct of mass explosions, the collapse of the overlying rocks, the formation of a collapse zone, the redemption of pillars, the release and shipment of ore. Open-pit mining together with underground work is carried out in the collapse zone of the underground work, while the ledges are supported by rock loosened during a mass explosion, and the ore is released from underground workings at a speed corresponding to the speed of filling funnels.

 The disadvantage of the existing method of development is the difficulty of combining open and underground work, as well as large losses, dilution of ore during underground work.

 The objective of this technical solution is to create safe working conditions both in open and underground work, reduce losses and dilute ore and reduce the cost of mining kimberlite in the permafrost zone.

 The problem is solved as follows.

 Along with the formation of ledges for kimbrelite mining and overburden operations, mine shafts, crosshitches and overhaul for ore transportation at the border of the permafrost distribution zone with the formation of the ground floor of the underground mining are underway. The floor is divided into sub-floors, starting from the design boundary of open work. In the sub-floor, the ore body is divided into tapes and ventilation and delivery openings pass through them, interconnected by drilling disruptions, which expand by blasting well charges, forming compensation cavities, and the volume of ore from the tape removed during the passage of ventilation, delivery workings and compensation cavities is not must exceed 12-20% of the tape volume. The remaining ore in the tape is blown up by well charges and the resulting re-compacted ore of all the tapes in the sub-floor is stored. Then, in a similar manner, excavation of mine workings, formation of compensation cavities, breaking and batching of compacted ore in the following lower floors are carried out. At the last sub-stage of the output development, they are equipped with vibration exciters with devices for dosed ore intake. Upon completion of ore mining by open-pit method, multiple metered vibration emission of ore is performed with the simultaneous inclusion of all vibration exciters in the process of filling dosing devices. Subsequent unloading of ore from the metering devices and its transportation are carried out with the exciters turned on. The cleared treatment space is filled with ice and industrial waste from mining.

 A significant difference of the proposed technical solutions are the following.

 - Simultaneously with the formation of kimberlite mining ledges and overburden operations, mine shafts, crosshairs and overhaul for ore transportation at the border of the permafrost distribution zone with the formation of the ground floor of the underground mining are underway.

 This technical solution allows, at minimal cost, to begin the production of kimberlite from the upper layers of the kimberlite pipe. At the same time, start work on driving the main and ventilation shafts to the first floor, located on the border of the permafrost distribution zone. An aquifer is located under the permafrost, and during the initial development of the field it is undesirable to complicate the passage of mine shafts through the thickness of the aquifer. On the ground floor there are cross-sleeves to the kimberlite pipe and capital workings for transporting ore through the ore body. The mining of capital mine workings takes a lot of time and is carried out sequentially (trunk, cross-shaft, mine workings), therefore, preparation for underground mining must begin simultaneously with open work. Most kimberlite pipes come to the surface (or are covered with a small thickness of sediment). It is advisable when conducting opencast mining in the initial period of time to mine kimberlite with the smallest possible amount of roofing and pay maximum attention to the preparation for underground mining. After the underground mining approaches the kimberlite pipe, it is necessary to reduce the volume of kimberlite mining in open works and increase the volume of roofing works. Underground mining using the proposed technology is capable of producing a significant amount of kimberlite during mine workings, which makes it possible to make up for the decrease in production in open cast mining.

 - The floor is divided into sub-floors, starting from the design boundary of open work.

 This technical solution allows more efficient mining of a kimberlite pipe underground method. The depth of opencast mining is determined for specific conditions, the experience gained in working mining machines in harsh climatic conditions and, most importantly, taking into account the physiological capabilities of a person and the creation of safe working conditions for health. With a large, for example, up to 500 m, permafrost zone and a shallow pit depth, for example, 150-250 m, the floor height for underground mining is about 300 m. It is advisable to divide the large floor height into a number of sub-floors. The sub-floor height is determined by the capabilities of the drilling equipment. With the modern development of technology, drilling rigs with a remote impact unit are able to effectively drill wells with a diameter of 50-80 mm and a length of 25 m, machines with a submersible impact unit drill wells with a diameter of 80-150 mm and a length of 60 m. For the proposed technology, it is advisable to use machines with a submersible shock node and have a sub-floor height of 50-60 m. The location of the first sub-floor from the design boundary of open work allows you to reduce the input term for underground mining of a kimberlite pipe. A possible option: when driving the main and ventilation shafts at the level of the first sub-floor, cut and organize simplified mine yards to prepare the first sub-floor. This makes it possible to reduce the time for obtaining kimberlite from underground horizons, which will increase the reliability of the enterprise in the harsh conditions of Yakutia.

 - In the sub-floor, the ore body is divided into tapes, and ventilation and delivery workings pass through them, interconnected by drilling failures, which expand by blasting the borehole charges, forming compensation cavities, and the volume of ore from the tape removed during the passage of ventilation, delivery workings and compensation cavities should not exceed 12-20% of the tape volume.

 This technical solution, which provides for the division of the ore body in the sub-floor into tapes, can reduce the time to maintain the workings in working condition for the implementation of breaking the ore. Each belt contains the required number of workings for safe and independent mining operations for ore breaking, after which it is extinguished. The short service life of the workings completed in permafrost allows to reduce the cost of maintaining them. The presence of a ventilation outlet (from this mine can also be drilled for breaking ore) in the upper part of the belt and delivery mine (which can also be used for drilling wells) in the lower part of the belt provides a simple and reliable technology for the formation of compensation cavities in the tape of the required size, and then ore breaking with the required predetermined degree of compaction. The section of ventilation and delivery workings is selected from the conditions of application of high-performance self-propelled equipment for drilling wells, ore delivery. At the same time, the volumes taken out during the sinking of these workings are taken into account as compensation spaces for the placement of broken ore in the tape. For uniform crushing of kimberlite with minimal loosening, the technical solution provides for the formation of vertical compensation cavities of limited size, evenly distributed in the tape array.

 To reduce the laboriousness of the formation of vertical compensation cavities, the technical solution provides, at certain intervals, to connect the ventilation and delivery production with drilling failures (oversized boreholes) with a diameter of 300-600 mm using a burr resistant machine. The diameter of the drill bit is selected according to the explosiveness of kimberlite, so that during its expansion by means of the first single parallel well, the pressed ore is not pressed in. Vertical drilling faults by successive blasting of explosive charges in parallel wells expand, forming vertical compensation cavities. The total volume of ore from the tape, removed during the sinking of ventilation, delivery openings and compensation cavities, should not exceed 12-20% of the panel volume, so that after breaking, the ore is re-compacted and has a small compression shrinkage. This is necessary to ensure work in a quarry with broken ore in the first sub-floor of underground mining of kimberlite. The lower limit of 12% is selected from the condition under which the destruction of the rock mass occurs by the explosion of charges in the well. With a compensation space of 8–10%, a camouflage lumbago of explosive charges is observed. With compensation spaces of more than 25-30%, shrinkage of broken ore is possible, which can lead to small surface displacements. The technology of excavation of compensation cavities ensures high productivity of miners and allows to significantly maintain the mine’s performance during mine downtime under climatic conditions.

 - The remaining ore in the tape is blown up by means of borehole charges, and the resulting re-compacted ore of all the tapes in the sub-floor is stored.

 This technical solution provides a limited service life of workings in the tape, which reduces the cost of maintaining them. And the obtained re-compacted ore during the breaking of all tapes in the sub-floor allows safe work in open cast mining.

 - In the same way, excavation of mine workings, formation of compensation cavities, breaking and batching of re-compacted ore are carried out in the following lower floors.

 This technical solution provides reliable mining of a floor with an increased height of 200-300 m, providing a stable front of work, stable productivity in the production of kimberlite during joint mining of a kimberlite pipe in an open and underground way.

 - At the last sub-stage of the output development, they are equipped with vibration exciters with devices for dosed ore reception and, upon completion of the ore mining, open-pit multiple-dose vibration release of ore is carried out with the simultaneous inclusion of all vibration exciters during filling of the dosing devices, and the subsequent unloading of ore from the dosing devices and its transportation with exciters on.

 This technical solution allows the release of pre-compacted mined ore from the block with the formation of a single stream in the treatment space of the kimberlite pipe. The simultaneous release of ore through a large number of outlet openings will ensure loosening of the re-compacted ore and its movement through the outlet without freezing. Vibration exciters and metering devices have virtually unlimited performance. The productivity of an underground mine during this period is limited only by the possibility of mine hoisting installations.

 - The released treatment space is filled with ice and industrial mining waste.

 This technical solution allows you to maintain the waste treatment space and subsequently exclude the movement of rocks, which can change the stress state of the rock mass around the kimberlite pipe and create additional difficulties in maintaining the mine workings.

 The essence of the proposed technical solution.

 For the conditions for the development of kimberlite pipes in Yakutia, it is advisable to determine the boundary of open cast mining not according to the technical capabilities used for open cast mining, but on the basis of real, obtained indicators of its use, taking into account the large downtime due to climatic conditions, the impossibility of high-quality maintenance in hot frost , which leads to premature wear of mining machines and mechanisms and their numerous downtime.

Miners work serving technique in open cast mining under the frost -40 ^{o o} C -60 ^o C (in the conditions of Yakutia kimberlite deposits) are not safe for health, and it is necessary to consider when evaluating open pit and underground operations.

 The development of a kimberlite pipe in the permafrost zone is carried out simultaneously by an open and underground method. In the initial period, kimberlite is mined in an open way, with the smallest possible amount of overburden work, and at this time they form tunnels, crosshairs and transport workings for underground opening of the kimberlite pipe. After underground mining has entered the kimberlite pipe and the drilling of rifted workings and the formation of compensating cavities has begun, in open pit mining it is possible to reduce the volume of mined kimberlite and increase the volume of overburden operations. Underground mining during sinking and formation of compensation cavities can compete with open castings in terms of productivity and produce the missing amount of kimberlite during forced downtime of the quarry under climatic conditions. As the compensation cavities accumulate, they are extinguished by blasting the borehole charges, and the resulting compacted ore (ore with a low loosening coefficient) temporarily stores.

 The amount of kimberlite mined by open pit and underground mining is regulated by the general plan for mining the kimberlite pipe. During downtime of the quarry due to climatic conditions, all kimberlite is mined by underground mining during the excavation of rifted workings and from compensation cavities.

Upon completion of the open-pit mining, the entire volume of kimberlite mining is carried out by underground mining from compensation cavities on the sub-floors. After the last compensation cavities at the last sub-floor are extinguished, the pre-compacted concentrated ore is discharged from the entire floor. For this, vibration exciters with devices for dosing and ore delivery are mounted in the bottom. The release of stained ore is carried out by the simultaneous inclusion of all vibration exciters during the filling of the metering devices. Emptying of dosing devices and ore transportation are carried out with exciters switched off. With the simultaneous inclusion of all vibration exciters in the treatment space of the kimberlite pipe, a single stream is formed, which ensures smooth lowering of the stained ore. The released treatment space is filled with ice and industrial mining waste. During the release of staged ore, the mine’s productivity is regulated only by the capabilities of lifting plants, all operations according to the proposed technology are mechanized, safe, each workplace is provided with a fresh stream of air from general shaft depression at minimal cost. The mine is maintained at a temperature of -2 ^{o o} C -10 ^o C at air speeds of less than 2 m / s. All this together provides comfortable working conditions for underground mining workers.

 An example of a method for developing a kimberlite pipe in the permafrost zone is shown in FIG. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12.

 In FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an implementation of a method for developing a kimberlite pipe in the permafrost zone (vertical section).

 FIG. 2 - the same, section I-I (Fig. 1), plan of the ventilation horizon of the sub-floor.

 FIG. 3 - the same, node A (Fig. 2), a vertical section II-II perpendicular to the long axis of the tape during the development of the sub-floor.

 FIG. 4 - the same, section III-III (Fig. 3), an element of the delivery horizon on the sub-floor.

 FIG. 5 - the same, section IV-IV (Fig. 3), an element of the ventilation horizon of the sub-floor.

 FIG. 6 - the same, node B (Fig. 5), a chamber for drilling wells for the formation of the compensation cavity and wells for the destruction of the pillar between the compensation cavities.

 FIG. 7 - the same, section V-V (Fig. 3), along the tape in the central part of the sub-floor.

 FIG. 8 is a section on the delivery of development on the transport (main) horizon of the floor.

 FIG. 9 - node B (Fig. 8), section VI-VI along the chamber for the release of ore from the block.

 FIG. 10 - section of the device for dosed intake of ore.

 FIG. 11 is the same as FIG. 10, side view.

 FIG. 12 - site unloading device for metered intake of ore.

 The kimberlite pipe in the permafrost zone 2 (2 - the boundary of the permafrost zone) is worked out by a combined open-underground method. The calculations and the project determine the boundary of 3 open cast mining and the depth of the chamber. Known technical solutions create ledges for the extraction of kimberlite 4 and overburden work on empty 5 rocks. In the zone safe from rock movement, there are ventilation 6 and 7 main shafts to the border 2 of permafrost. In permafrost, the main horizon 8 of the underground mining of the first floor kimberlite pipe is laid. Through this horizon 8, the main mining of kimberlite by underground method from the first floor will be issued. When the difference in marks from the border 3 of open works to the first horizon 8 exceeds 60 m, the floor is divided into sub-floors, in this example 9 (1), 9 (2), 9 (3), 9 (4), 9 (0), where (1), (2), (3), (4) and (0) are the numbers of the sub-floors for this example. The height of the sub-floor 9 is determined by the possibility of drilling equipment and can be from 25 to 60 m, the height of the sub-floor is 25 m when drilling machines with an external shock assembly are used. These machines are capable of drilling wells with a diameter of 50-80 mm to a depth of 25 m. It is most advisable for the proposed technical solution to use drilling machines with a submersible shock assembly that drill wells with a diameter of 80-150 mm to a depth of 60 m. Subfloors 9 can be connected with trunks 6 , 7. To pass the kimberlite from the sub-floors 9, the ore pass 10 passes.

 The underground mining of kimberlite pipe 1 begins at the border of 3 open pit mines by cutting the first sub-floor 9 (10) with a height of, for example, 60 m. In terms of plan, the kimberlite pipe (Fig. 2) on the sub-floors 9 is divided into ribbons 11 (the border of the ribbons is indicated by dashed lines). All mining operations carried out in each belt are independent of operations in adjacent belts. On the border of each substage 9, in the middle of the strip, there is a delivery working out 12 (Fig. 3, 4) with loading ramps 13 under the compensation cavities 14. In the upper part of the substage in the middle of the tape there is a ventilation working 15 with drilling chambers 16 (Fig. 3, 5, 6), wells 17 are drilled from the drilling chambers 16 to expand the drilling fault 18 during the formation of the compensation cavity 14, and wells 19 are drilled to break ore in the pillars 20 of the belt (Fig. 7) between the compensation cavities 14.

 On the main horizon 8, a bottom is provided for receiving stained ore from all sub-floors 9 (1), 9 (2), 9 (3), 9 (4), 9 (0). The bottom is made by delivery excavation 21 (Fig. 8, 9), in which the chambers 22 are passed in which the vibration exciters are mounted 23. The ore from the treatment space 24 enters through the outlet openings 25. The bottom is made so that the generatrices of the flows above each outlet 25 intersect at a low height (3-8 m). Under the group of vibration exciters 23, a metering device 26 is mounted in a partitioned tank with bottom discharge. Sectional capacity consists of sections made in the form of two side walls 27 with a reclining bottom 28 when passing over the ore pass 29 (Fig. 12). The sections are interconnected by wedges (not shown) and mounted on metal rails 29 in the delivery opening 21. The metering device 26 is moved by a reciprocating drive 30, made, for example, in the form of hydraulic cylinders with automatic chain grips 31 fixed to the extreme sections.

 From ore pass 29, the ore is reloaded into wagons of electric locomotive haulers located in the transport mine 32 of the main horizon of the 8th floor.

 An example implementation of the method of developing a kimberlite pipe in the permafrost zone.

 For the conditions for the development of kimberlite pipes 1 in Yakutia, the boundary of open work 3 is determined not by the technical capabilities of the mining equipment used for open work, but based on real, obtained indicators of its use, taking into account large forced downtime under climatic conditions.

The development of a kimberlite pipe in the permafrost zone is carried out simultaneously by an open and underground method. In the initial period, kimberlite is mined in an open way, with the lowest possible amount of stripping. At the same time, forced penetration of ventilation 6 and 7 main shafts to the border 2 of permafrost is being conducted. In permafrost rocks over boundary 2, crosshairs of the first floor of the underground mining of a kimberlite pipe pass. With a high height (more than 60 m) - the floor is divided into sub-floors in this example 9 (1), 9 (2), 9 (3), 9 (4), 9 (Main). Subfloors can pass directly from trunks 6 and 7 with the formation of simplified mine yards. After the mining workings on the first sub-floor 9 (1) entered the kimberlite pipe and the threaded work in the strips 11 began, namely the sinking of the delivery workings 12 (Fig. 3, 4) of the entry 13 under the compensation strips 14 on the delivery horizon and ventilation workings 15 and drilling chambers 16 (Fig. 5, 6) on the ventilation horizon, the production of kimberlite from underground mines begins. All rifled workings can go through an enlarged section of 10-20 m ² , a large number of independent faces can be organized on the sub-floor. Existing modern self-propelled complexes for mine workings allow you to have a capacity of up to 40 m ³ per shift for one miner.

 All of the above can provide significant production capacity for kimberlite in the mine, which will reduce the production of kimberlite in open pit mining and increase the volume of overburden operations.

 The production capacity of kimberlite in the mine will increase when compensation cavities can be formed on the sub-floor 14. High-performance boring-proof machines are currently mass-produced, the use of which will provide a high-performance and safe technology for the formation of compensation cavities.

 Drilling machine 18 is drilled with a drilling machine (Fig. 6) to the soil of the delivery horizon of the sub-floor in the region of the chamber of the lower undercut of the compensation cavity 14 (Fig. 3, 4). The diameter of the drill break 360-600 mm is selected from the conditions of kimberlite explosivity. A number of wells 17 are drilled to the drilling chamber to form a compensation cavity 14. At the beginning, one well explodes, beaten ore by loading and delivery machines through runway 13, delivery mine 12 is transported to ore pass 10. Then two wells explode - beaten ore is delivered to ore pass 10. After which can blow up three to five wells. Later, by successive blasting of a series of wells, a compensation cavity of the required volume can be formed.

 The performance of one tape on the sub-floor during the formation of the compensation cavity depends only on the performance of the loading and delivery machine. Experience shows that the degree of crushing of the rock mass with such a breakdown scheme is easily regulated, and ore of any required size can be obtained. The average length of delivery to ore pass during the development of kimberlite pipes will not exceed 200 m. Equipment and transportation are carried out at different horizons and are independent of each other. Under the above circumstances, the performance of one tape can reach 1000 tons per shift or more. On the sub-floor, several tapes can work simultaneously. There can be two or three sub-floors in the work, in which rifling work can be done on the preparation of tapes and the formation of compensation cavities, that is, a large number of faces and jobs. Underground work during this period can fully satisfy the needs of the processing plant with kimberlite. In open-pit mining, you can refuse to produce kimberlite in the harsh winter months, and to extract the remaining quarry reserves only in the summer.

 After the compensation cavities 14 are removed, up to 15% of the reserves are taken out in the middle part of the sub-floor (Fig. 7), the rest is in temporary pillars 20. The large size of the pillar 20 in permafrost rocks ensures their strength and stability. As the compensation cavities 14 are removed in the tape (or all compensation cavities are removed), the pillars 20 are extinguished by blasting the wells 19 (Figs. 3, 6, 7). The number of wells and their location (single, in tufts) is determined by kimberlite explosivity calculation. Moreover, the dimensions of the compensation cavities are selected in such a way that the explosion occurs with re-compaction of the broken rock mass.

 The beaten kimberlite in the tapes on the sub-floor is being shopped. As the 9 (1), 9 (2), 9 (3), 9 (4) sub-floors are mined, overconsolidated ore stores in the treatment space of the kimberlite pipe. When working out the sub-floor 9 (0), the bottom is prepared under the block of the whole floor, vibration exciters 23 are installed (Fig. 8, 9), the dosing and delivery device 26 is mounted (Fig. 8, 10, 11). After all compensation cavities in the last sub-floor 9 (0) have been extinguished and all kimberlite reserves have been removed in open-pit mining, the release of stained ore from the entire floor begins.

 In the simultaneous operation include all vibration exciters 23 located above the dosing and delivery device 26 (in Fig. 8 - all on the right side). Up to a dozen vibration exciters may be included in the work 23. In one to five minutes, the dosing and delivery device 26 is filled, and from 100 to 500 tons of ore are dispensed from the unit. The exciters are turned off. Inspect the filling of the dosing device with a passage directly through the ore located in the device 26.

 If necessary, install explosives on pieces of ore stuck in chamber 22 above vibration exciters 26 (vibration exciters 23 ways to withstand oversized crushing by blasting overhead charges up to 5 kg of explosives), install overheads on oversized pieces of ore falling into device 26 (the device is also able to withstand crushing oversized blasting of overhead explosives).

 If necessary, the device 26 is additionally loaded by individually activating the vibration exciter 23 in places of incomplete loading. After making sure that the load is complete, the metering device 26 is moved by the drive 30 through the chain 31 above the ore pass 29 (Fig. 8, 12).

 Bottom unloading of the dosing device is made by turning the tipping bottoms 28 (Fig. 10, 11, 12), and it moves to the left part of the delivery generation 21, under the left group of vibration exciters 23. The left group of vibration exciters is turned on, filling the metering device 26. After turning off exciters 23, making sure the completeness of the filling device 26, if necessary, carry out the above operations.

To move and unload the dosing device 26 include a drive 30. The movement speed of 0.1 to 0.5 m / s. Productivity for the production, delivery and loading of ore into the ore pass 3000 - 5000 t / h or more, this operation ensures the performance of almost any mine. The release and loading of all delivery workings under the block is carried out according to the schedule. If at one time 100 to 500 tons are produced with an area of 200 to 1000 m ² or more of treatment space, then lowering the surface will be smooth and slow. The liberated worked-out space of the kimberlite pipe is filled with ice and industrial waste.

Claims (1)

 A method for mining kimberlite pipes in the permafrost zone, including determining the economically feasible depth of opencast mining, conducting open pit mining in the quarry with the formation of kimberlite mining ledges, overburden work and simultaneous underground mining containing mining and mining operations, creating compensation cavities, breaking and the release of broken ore, characterized in that simultaneously with the formation of ledges for the production of kimberlite and overburden operations mine shafts, crosshitches and ore mines for transportation of ore at the border of the permafrost distribution zone with the formation of the first floor of an underground mine, while the floor is divided into sub-floors, starting from the design boundary of open work, the ore body is divided into tapes in the sub-floor and ventilation and delivery workings, which are interconnected by drilling failures and, by means of blasting borehole charges, are expanded to form compensation cavities, the volume of ore being removed from the belt during passage of the valve The production and delivery workings, as well as the compensation cavities, should not exceed 12-20% of the tape volume, the remaining ore in the tape is blown up by borehole charges and the resulting compacted beaten ore of all tapes is stored in the sub-floor, then, in a similar manner, the compacted ore is broken and stored in the following floors, and on the last sub-floor of the output development, they are equipped with vibration exciters with devices for dosed ore intake under each of them and at the end of ore mining by open method m produce multiple dosage vibrovypusk ore simultaneously engage all exciters on the filling of the metering device and subsequent discharging metering devices, and transporting the ore is conducted at exciters switched off, the vacant space is filled with ice purifying industrial and mining waste production.

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