RU2131522C1 - Disk engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; rotary engines for vehicles and other engine units. SUBSTANCE: disk engine has housing, working wheel in form on disk with two coaxial separate units made on disk rim; first is suction and compression unit and second is expansion and discharge unit; shutters-blades, four per each unit, and four combustion chambers with spark plugs fitted in. Combustion Chambers are common for units made integral with wheel and shaft. Housing accommodates working spaces, two per unit, constantly open intake and exhaust ports and scavenging channels. In other design version, engine is furnished additionally with expansion and exhaust unit, suction and compression unit being arranged between expansion and exhaust units. It third design version engine is furnished with two combustion chambers and one working space per each unit. EFFECT: increased power output, efficiency and economy. 3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, namely to a rotary internal combustion engine used in vehicles and other power units.

 Known rotary piston engine (see the magazine "Driving", N 12, 1990), comprising a housing, a triangular rotor, an eccentric shaft and gears located inside the rotor.

 A disadvantage of the known engine is the design complexity. The internal contour of the housing is made in the form of a complex epitrochoid curve, along which the rotor rotates, and the shaft is eccentric.

 Also known is a rotary internal combustion engine (see US patent N 2583633, CL F 01 C 1/34, 1949), including a housing, an impeller, on the rim of which are two coaxial wheels of separate blocks: the first suction and compression block, the second block expansion and exhaust, damper blades and combustion chambers with spark plugs installed in them (prototype).

 Its disadvantage is the unsuccessful valve-step design of the combustion chambers and the connection of the blocks with coaxial channels, which leads to the loss of a significant part of the combustible mixture in the channels and impairs the performance of the engine, increases overall dimensions.

 The objective of the present invention is to remedy these disadvantages.

 The technical result is achieved by the described disk engine, comprising a housing, an impeller, on the rim of which are two coaxial wheels of separate blocks: the first suction and compression unit, the second expansion and exhaust unit, the damper blades and the combustion chamber with spark plugs installed in them.

 What is new is that it contains four combustion chambers common for blocks made in one piece with the wheel and the shaft, while the wheel has the form of a disk, working cavities are located in the casing, constantly open inlet and outlet windows and purge channels, the shutter-blades are made four for each block, and working cavities - two for each block. In addition, in one embodiment (Fig. 5), the disk motor is further provided with an expansion and exhaust unit, wherein the suction and compression unit is located between the expansion and exhaust units. The difference of another option (Fig. 6) is that here the disk engine is additionally equipped with two combustion chambers and working cavities, one for each block.

 The above distinguishing features of the proposal, in our opinion, satisfy the criterion of "significant differences" of the invention, since at the filing date of the application in the technical literature and patent documentation, similar technical solutions were not found, and its distinguishing features are not identical and not equivalent in comparison with similar features famous engines.

 The technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed engine has a number of significant original innovations and feasible technical solutions, namely, the disk engine has a flexible and compact design, where the suction and compression unit, the expansion and exhaust unit, the combustion chambers and the damper-blades are combined in one disc-shaped impeller. This reduces the overall dimensions and weight of the engine. The impeller rim allows the combustion chambers to be positioned on the blocks as appropriate for reliable engine operation.

 The engine has channels for purging the combustion chambers after each exhaust gas discharge. The design allows you to set the start of the purge at the development stage, and after purging the channels are automatically closed by the wheel rim. Blowing will improve the filling of the working cavity with a clean combustible charge and contributes to a more complete combustion.

 The working cavities located in the body of the housing are simple to manufacture and are characterized by smoother outlines of the internal contour of the housing at the beginning and end of the working cavities.

 The design of the disk engine allows, by increasing the volume of the working cavities of the second block in comparison with the volumes of the working cavities of the first block, to bring the pressure at the end of the expansion process to atmospheric and reduce the temperature.

 In FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a disk motor according to BB of FIG. 3.

 In FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section through the impeller according to BB of FIG. 3.

 In FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the first engine block according to AA of FIG. 1.

 In FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the first engine block according to BB of FIG. 1.

 In FIG. 5 is a longitudinal section through a disk engine with an additionally provided expansion and exhaust block, where the first suction and compression block is located between two expansion and exhaust blocks (option).

 In FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the second block of the disk engine, additionally equipped with two combustion chambers and one for each block with working cavities (option).

 The disk engine comprises a housing 1 and an impeller 2 located inside it (see Fig. 1), made in the form of a disk. On the rim of the impeller 2 there are two coaxial wheels of separate blocks (see Fig. 2): the first suction and compression unit 3, the second expansion and exhaust unit 4. The said blocks 3 and 4 are interconnected with four combustion chambers 5, 90 degrees apart from each other along the upper circle of the wheel 2 (see Fig. 3). A shaft 6 is installed in the center of the impeller. The impeller 2, blocks 3 and 4, and also the shaft 6 are made in one piece.

 In each block, between the housing and the impeller / in the body of the housing /, there are two working cavities 7 (Fig. 3, 4) in the form of a segment and are located at opposite points of the inner circle of the housing. Each cavity 7 occupies one fourth of this circle (90 degrees).

 The working cavities are arranged asymmetrically along the blocks (see Figs. 3 and 4).

 In the housing of the first block (see Fig. 3) at the very beginning of the working cavity (working cavities 7) are constantly open inlet windows 8 and purge channels 9 for purging the combustion chamber after each exhaust before starting the inlet.

 In the housing of the second block (Fig. 4) at the end of the working cavities 7, constantly open exhaust windows 10 are made and spark plugs 11 are installed.

 The radial distance AB (Fig. 1 and 3) between the two planes of the block casing is the same throughout the circle and equal to the height of the through reciprocating valve-vane 12. Therefore, the valve-vane is constantly pressed against the working surface of the casing. Blade-blades 12 are available in each block of four pieces. At the same time, in the first block, the damper blades 12 are located behind the combustion chamber (see Fig. 3) in the direction of clockwise rotation of the impeller, and in the second block, in front of the combustion chamber (see Fig. 4).

 The design described relates to a disk engine when it is equipped with two blocks, with four combustion chambers and two working cavities for each block.

 The engine design allows the use of three blocks (see Fig. 5), i.e. providing the engine with an additional expansion and exhaust unit 4, while the suction and compression unit 3 is located between the two expansion and exhaust units 4. In another embodiment (see Fig. 6), the disk engine is additionally equipped with two combustion chambers 5 and working cavities 7, one for each block.

 The disk engine operates as follows.

As the impeller 2 rotates (see FIGS. 2 and 3) / clockwise /, as soon as the next blade-vane 12 reaches the right edge of the inlet window 8 of the first block 3, suction starts on one side of the blade-vane and on the other parties - compression. These processes occur simultaneously in each of the two working cavities 7 (Fig. 3). When the impeller with the shaft will make one quarter of a revolution (90 ^o ), the next shutter-blade 12 approaches the inlet window 8 and the process is repeated.

 When the compression is completed, the combustion chamber 5 (Fig. 3) is closed by the edge of the housing and the gaskets of the blade-vane 12. For some time, the combustion chamber 5 remains closed from the side of the second block. When the next damper-blade 12 (see Fig. 4) in the second block will step over the zones of the spark plug, the spark plug 11 will ignite the compressed charge of the combustible mixture. In the working cavities 7 of the second block, expansion and release begin, on the one hand, the shutter-blades 12 expand, on the other hand, the release. The pressure of expanding gases on the blade-valve simultaneously in two working cavities 7, i.e. at two opposite points of the wheel, create a paired rotational force. The duration of the expansion is 90 degrees of rotation of the impeller. Then all processes will be repeated sequentially. For one revolution of the wheel, eight working strokes are made.

 The described construction relates to an engine when it is equipped with two units.

 In a disk engine with three blocks (Fig. 5), the first suction and compression unit 3 is located between the two expansion and exhaust units 4. Therefore, the working strokes (extensions) in the process of engine operation will occur simultaneously at four points, and sixteen working strokes will be made in one revolution of the wheel.

 Such an engine will be more powerful and more balanced.

 In a disk engine with six combustion chambers 5 (see Fig. 6) and three working cavities 7, the process of expansion and release occurs simultaneously at three points of the impeller 120 degrees apart, and the duration of expansion is 60 degrees of rotation of the impeller. Eighteen working strokes will be completed in one wheel revolution.

 The technical and economic advantage of the invention is as follows. It has a fairly rigid and compact design, which guarantees uniform operation and significantly reduces the overall dimensions and weight of the engine.

 The most important advantage is the reliable, compact and technological combustion chambers that conveniently connect the two blocks, with almost no loss of combustible mixture. The combustion chamber purge device, which improves the completeness of combustion, ensures reliable engine operation.

 The above positive qualities provide the engine with increased power, efficiency, efficiency and environmental friendliness.

Claims (3)

 1. A disk engine comprising a housing, an impeller, on the rim of which there are two separate blocks coaxial with the wheel: the first suction and compression unit, the second expansion and exhaust unit, the damper blades and the combustion chamber with spark plugs installed in it, characterized the fact that it contains four combustion chambers common to blocks made in one piece with the wheel and the shaft, the wheel being in the form of a disk, working cavities, constantly open inlet and outlet windows and purge channels, flap-flaps are located in the case four attacks per block, and two working cavities per block.  2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with an expansion and exhaust unit, while the suction and compression unit is located between the expansion and exhaust units.  3. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with two combustion chambers and working cavities, one for each block.

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