RU2130702C1 - General-purpose combined tillage tool - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: tillage tool has frame 9 mounted on carrier wheels 1, hitch tongue 3 of frame 9, working members with regulating mechanism 2 and device 8 for attaching working members to hitch tongue 3. Double-armed lever of device 8 is mounted on bracket. Lower part of lever is made hook-shaped and upper part is equipped with handle. Working tool bars have eyelets with connecting members, which are in contact with hook-shaped lower part of lever. EFFECT: wider operational capabilities, increased efficiency and simplified replacement of working tools. 19 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to universal combined tillage units, providing the implementation of various tillage technologies.

 Known combined tillage unit. It includes a frame, support wheels, an attachment and working bodies, including disk batteries, flat-cutting legs, an equalizer and ring-spur roller.

 (Inform. Leaflet - VNIPTIMESKH - Zernograd, PMG, 1991, N 23 - 91, p. 4).

 The disadvantages of the combined tillage unit include the fact that it performs a limited number of technological operations of soil cultivation. In addition, the unit cannot provide shift of the working bodies for performing various agrotechnical operations in rapidly changing conditions of soil cultivation, therefore, it does not perform them strictly in agrotechnical terms.

 A tillage implement is known that comprises a frame with a spoke mounted on support wheels, working bodies with an adjustment mechanism and a device for attaching them to it.

 (see SU, copyright certificate N 1130188, MKI A 01 B 49/02, 1984).

 Known tillage combined tool performs certain technologies of soil preparation. However, the lack of rotating rods with a train, cultivating paws, spring harrows does not allow the use of this tool in various soil and climatic conditions for tillage with high quality when loosening to a depth of 14-16, 10-12 and 4-8 cm. working bodies, like rods, spring harrows do not provide the formation of a loosened layer that retains moisture for a long time in the root horizon when caring for steam. In addition, the lack of easy and quick attachment of organs to the frame of the gun increases the preparation time of the tool for work, complicates the work when changing working bodies.

 The technical task is to expand the functionality of the unit, increase labor productivity, as well as facilitate the change of working bodies.

 The task is achieved in that the lever of the device mounted on the bracket is made of two shoulders, its lower part is made in the form of a hook, the upper part is equipped with a handle, and the bars of the working bodies are equipped with eyelets with jumpers in contact with the mentioned hooks.

 In FIG. 1 shows a universal combined tillage unit, side view, in FIG. 2 is a view A of FIG. 1, in FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 2, in FIG. 4 shows a needle battery, rear view, in FIG. 5 is a front view of a spherical disk battery; FIG. 6 shows a drum equalizer, front view, in FIG. 7 shows a plane-cutting paw, top view, in FIG. 9 is a front view of the chopper drum; FIG. 8 shows a cultivating leg, a top view, in FIG. 10 shows a roller crusher, rear view, in FIG. 11 shows a spiral roller, front view, in FIG. 12 shows a rotating rod with a train, a top view, in FIG. 13 shows a harrow with spring teeth, front view, in FIG. 14 shows a combination diagram of the working bodies of the unit when processing a steam field; 15 shows a diagram of a combination of the working bodies of the unit when preparing the soil for winter crops, FIG. 16 shows a diagram of a combination of the working bodies of an aggregate during soil cultivation without treating a formation; FIG. 17 shows a combination diagram of the working bodies of an aggregate for preparing soil for row crops; FIG. 18 shows a combination diagram of the working bodies of the unit for forming a wind-waterproof loosened soil layer, FIG. 19 shows a combination of the working bodies of the unit for pre-sowing soil preparation for spring crops.

 A universal combined tillage unit (Fig. 1) includes support wheels 1, adjustment mechanisms 2 of the working bodies, the gland 3, the hitch 4, the frame 5, the hydraulic cylinder 6, the transport wheels 7, the device 8 for fixing the working bodies is installed (Fig. 2,3) on an arm 10 mounted on a frame 9 mounted on the support wheels 1 and having a spoke. To the bracket 10 is pivotally attached a lever 11 (Fig. 2), which is made of two shoulders, and its lower part is made in the form of a hook. On the upper end of the lever 11 there is a handle 12. On the frame 9 in front of the hook of the lever 11 there is a pivotally wedge-shaped stop 13. The bars 14 (Fig. 3) of the working bodies are equipped with eyes 15 and a round jumper 16. The removable sections of the sets of working bodies: disk needle battery 17 (Fig. 4), a battery of spherical disks 18 (Fig. 15), a leveling drum 19 (Fig. 6), a plane-cutting leg 20 (Fig. 7), a cultivating leg 21 (Fig. 8), a chopping drum 22 (Fig. . 9), skating rink-crusher 23 (Fig. 10), spiral skating rink 24 (Fig. 11), rotating rods with a loop 25 (Fig. 12), harrow with spring teeth 26 (Fig. 13) in the presence of devices 8 on the frame 1 provide the completion of a universal combined tillage unit (Fig. 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19) to perform various tillage technologies.

 To prepare for the acquisition of the unit, for example, according to the scheme of FIG. 14 attach the hitch 4 to the tractor and raise the frame 9 of the working bodies to the transport position. The sections of the working bodies: drum-grinder 22 (Fig. 9), cultivating legs 21 (Fig. 8), drum-leveling 19 (Fig. 6), drum with spring teeth 26 (Fig. 13) are arranged according to the scheme (Fig. 14 ) the unit so that their blocking bars 14 are in the up position, orient the frame 9 so that its longitudinal bars are between the twin eyes 15. Then lower the frame until it contacts the upper plane of the beam 14. After that, the lever 11 rotates the lever 11 so that his hooks come in contact with the upper plane of the beam 14 and jumpers 16. Then, the hooks of the lever 11 are fixed with a folding wedge-shaped stop 13. When removing sections of the working bodies from the frame 9, the operations are performed in the reverse order.

 Presented in FIG. 14 the arrangement of the working bodies 22, 21, 19, 26 allows you to grind the underground part of the weeds, loosen the soil and cut the root system of weeds, level the soil and comb out root-shaped and root-weed weeds on the day surface of the field when the units operate on a steam field.

 The unit (see diagram of Fig. 15) is used to prepare the soil for winter crops. When the battery of spherical disks 18 moves, the soil is loosened to a depth of 4 - 6 cm, plane-cutting paws 20 cut the layer to 16 cm, the blades of the chopper drum 22 divide the layer into blocks, and the teeth of the crusher-roller 23 penetrate the blocks and crush them into small fractions.

 Soil cultivation of fields susceptible to wind erosion is carried out by the unit (see diagram of Fig. 16). When the unit operates, the paws 20 cut the formation without rotation, and the drum-grinder 22 and the roller-crusher 23 cut this layer to a shallow state. When working on the surface, more than 50% of crop residues remain.

 Shown in FIG. 17 layout of the working bodies: drum leveling device 19, cultivating legs 21, drum grinder 22 and spiral roller 24 allows you to use a universal combined tillage unit for pre-sowing soil preparation for row crops.

 An aggregate with a sequential arrangement of working bodies according to the scheme of FIG. 18, where the batteries of the needle discs 17 are installed in front of the plane-cutting paws 20, and the drum-grinder 22 and the roller-crusher 23 are located at the rear.

 The combined unit according to the circuit of FIG. 19 provides for the operation of the chopper drum 22 simultaneously with the work of the cultivator paws 21, the leveling drum 19 and the rotating rods with a train 25. This unit is used to prepare the soil for spring crops.

 The combination of working bodies is selected depending on the hardness and moisture of the soil, the weediness of the field and the technology adopted in the specific conditions of the zone to ensure high soil utilization and to provide a water-wind-resistant loosened layer.

 The use of a universal combined tillage aggregate does not upset the equilibrium of the ecosystem in the areas of its use.

Claims (1)

 A universal combined soil cultivating unit containing a frame with a grip mounted on the support wheels, working bodies with an adjustment mechanism and a device for their fastening on it, characterized in that the device lever is mounted on the bracket, is made two-armed, its lower part is made in the form of a hook, the upper one is equipped the handle, and the bars of the working bodies are equipped with eyelets with jumpers in contact with the mentioned hooks.

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