RU212962U1 - flood sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of measuring physical quantities, in particular to measuring instruments for the level of flooding, and can be used in distributed digital environmental monitoring systems based on lighting objects using the DALI protocol profiled for them. The flood sensor contains a float magnetically sensitive signaling device 8, a control unit connected to it with interface input 6 and output 7 and a DC source 9, and is equipped with an interface bus 4, including a positive wire 1 DALI+ and a negative wire 2 DALI-, together with a negative wire 11 of the source DC 9, combined with circuit ground GND 3, while the control unit is made in the form of a microcontroller 5, equipped with an input voltage comparator 12 and an output transistor key in the form of an n-type field effect transistor 16, the voltage comparator 12 is equipped with a reference voltage driver, made in the form series-connected resistor 17 and zener diode 18, and the free end of the resistor 17 is connected to the positive wire 10 of the DC source 9, the anode of the zener diode 18 is connected to circuit ground 3, and the connection 19 between the resistor 17 and the cathode of the zener diode 18 is connected to the direct input 13 of the voltage comparator 12 , inverted input e 14 of the voltage comparator 12 is connected to wire 1 of the DALI+ interface bus 4, the output 15 of the voltage comparator 12 is connected to the interface input 6 of the microcontroller 5. and the output transistor switch is made in the form of an n-type field effect transistor 16, the drain of which is connected to wire 1 of the DALI+ interface bus 4, the source is connected to wire 2 of the DALI-interface bus 4, and the gate is connected to the interface output 7 of the microcontroller 5. EFFECT: enabling the use of a flood sensor in distributed digital environmental monitoring systems based on lighting objects using the DALI profile protocol for them. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the technical field of measuring physical quantities, in particular, to measuring instruments for the level of flooding and can be used in distributed digital environmental monitoring systems based on lighting objects using the DALI protocol profiled for them.

A combined water level and temperature sensor is known, which implements a flooding sensor, which contains a float magnetically sensitive liquid level indicator, made on the basis of the Hall sensor printed circuit board, and a control unit connected to the said indicator (CN patent No. 213455759 U, publ. 06/15/2021).

The mentioned analogue is sufficiently functional and reliable. Its disadvantages include the impossibility of integrating it into distributed digital environmental monitoring systems based on lighting objects (road, urban, rural, etc.) using the DALI protocol profiled for them due to the lack of an appropriate interface.

Closest to the claimed - the prototype - is a water level/flooding sensor, which contains a magnetically sensitive liquid level detector, made on the basis of a reed switch, a control unit with interface input and output connected to the said indicator, and a DC source that provides power to the sensor elements (patent RU No. 115930 U1, published 05/10/2012).

The mentioned prototype is quite functional and easy to manufacture and maintain, has a two-way interface for embedding into network solutions, but has a significant drawback - it cannot be integrated into distributed digital environmental monitoring systems based on outdoor lighting objects (road, urban, rural, etc.). etc.) using the DALI protocol profiled for them due to interface incompatibility. Informational: such a distributed digital monitoring system was implemented within the KULON program of Sandraks LLC (www.kulon.su [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: https://www.kulon.su/catalog/products-QULON/, free - (03/10/2022) The advantages of using a lighting control system for environmental monitoring include its actual presence almost everywhere (there is no need to create a new network), a very wide and dense branching, the convenience of placing the corresponding sensors on supports, brackets, panels, etc. lighting, its reliability and noise immunity.

The technical problem is to eliminate the noted shortcomings of the known technical solutions.

The technical result consists in enabling the use of a flood sensor in distributed digital environmental monitoring systems based on lighting objects using the DALI protocol profiled for them.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved by the fact that the flood sensor, containing a float-type magnetically sensitive liquid level indicator, a control unit connected to the said indicator with interface input and output, and a DC source, is equipped with an interface bus, including a positive DALI+ wire and a negative DALI- wire, together with the negative wire of the DC source combined with the circuit ground, the control unit is made in the form of a microcontroller, equipped with an input voltage comparator and an output transistor switch, the voltage comparator is equipped with a reference voltage driver, made in the form of a resistor and a zener diode connected in series, the free end of the resistor and the free anode zener diode connected respectively to the positive wire of the power supply and circuit ground, and interconnected - to the direct input of the voltage comparator, the inverse input of the voltage comparator is connected to the wire DALI+ interface bus, the output of the voltage comparator is connected to the interface input of the microcontroller, and the output transistor switch is made in the form of an n-type field effect transistor, the drain of which is connected to the DALI+ wire of the interface bus, the source is connected to the DALI- interface bus wire, and the gate is connected to the interface output microcontroller.

Numerical positions in the drawing mean the following:

1 - DALI+ interface wire;

2 - interface wire DALI-, combined with circuit ground GND;

3 - circuit ground (GND);

4 - interface bus;

5 - microcontroller;

6 - interface input of the microcontroller;

7 - interface output of the microcontroller;

8 - float magnetic liquid level indicator;

9 - direct current source;

10 - positive wire of the DC source;

11 - negative wire of the DC source;

12 - input voltage comparator;

13 - direct input of the voltage comparator;

14 - inverse input of the voltage comparator;

15 - output of the voltage comparator;

16 - n-type field effect transistor;

17 - resistor;

18 - zener diode;

19 - connection between the resistor and the zener diode of the reference voltage driver.

In accordance with the claimed utility model, the flood sensor contains a magnetically sensitive float signaling device 8 of the liquid level (for example, single-level signaling devices DUG1 or DUG2 commercially produced by TEKO; vertical guide housing in accordance with the level of the liquid entering the housing, as soon as the liquid rises to the target point, the magnet interacts with the reed switch fixed above or the Hall sensor, which gives an electrical signal that the liquid level has reached a controlled value), connected to the mentioned signaling device 8, the control unit with interface input 6 and output 7 and a constant current source 9. In this part, the claimed flood sensor coincides with the prototype. Unlike the prototype, the claimed flood sensor is equipped with an interface bus 4, including a positive wire 1 DALI+ and a negative wire 2 DALI-, together with a negative wire 11 of a DC source 9 combined with a circuit ground GND 3. The control unit is made in the form of a microcontroller 5, equipped with an input voltage comparator 12 and the output transistor switch in the form of an n-type field effect transistor 16. The voltage comparator 12 is equipped with a reference voltage driver made in the form of a series-connected resistor 17 and a zener diode 18. The free end of the resistor 17 is connected to the positive wire 10 of the DC source 9, the anode zener diode 18 is connected to the circuit ground 3, and the connection 19 between the resistor 17 and the cathode of the zener diode 18 of the reference voltage driver is connected to the direct input 13 of the voltage comparator 12. 12 is connected to the interface input 6 of the microcontroller 5. and the output transistor switch is made in the form of an n-type field effect transistor 16. and the gate is connected to the interface output 7 of the microcontroller 5. In addition, we note that since elements such as a microprocessor, a magnetic signaling device and a voltage comparator can have different power settings (for example, 3 V, 5 V, 12 V, etc.), then the current source should be selected with the appropriate output parameters on, possibly, more than one output. In the drawing, as an example, a DC source with two outputs is indicated: 12 V for a voltage comparator and 3.3 V for a microprocessor and a magnetically sensitive signaling device.

The claimed flood sensor works as follows.

The flood sensor (a plurality of flood sensors) is installed on/in the elements of the lighting infrastructure, mainly on/in road lighting poles at the required height (flood height). Polling and data collection of the flood sensor (a plurality of flood sensors) is carried out via the DALI interface from a higher-level controller (not shown), which simultaneously performs the lighting control function. Recall that the DALI interface is a bidirectional two-wire digital interface, oriented for primary use in lighting technology. DALI wires (DALI+ and DALI-) are powered from the outside by a special 12-22 V power supply with a current limiting function, normalized in value within the limits specified in the standard (0.25 A). The DALI wires 1 and 2 between the upstream controller and the microcontroller 5 of the flood sensor transmit bit streams of data bidirectionally. In turn, the signaling device 8 respectively fixes the level of flooding. As noted above, the microcontroller 5 is connected to the signaling device 8 and reads the indications of the signaling device 8 (presence or absence of a flooding signal), and at the same time it operates under the control of a higher controller (not shown), communicating with it via the 4 DALI bus using the input voltage comparator 12 and transmitting to him data on the presence or absence of the fact of flooding through the output transistor switch. As mentioned above, the output transistor key is made in the form of a field effect transistor 16 n-type. When the transistor 16 enters the gate from the high-level interface output 7 of the microcontroller 5, the key (transistor 16) opens and closes the 1 DALI+ wire to 3 GND, forming a low level on bus 4. Since the power supply of bus 4, as mentioned above, has a normalized limitation current, then the current flowing through transistor 16 is also normalized in magnitude. When the gate of the transistor 16 is received from the interface output 7 of the microcontroller 5 of a low level, the transistor 16 closes and opens the wires 1 DALI+ and 3 GND, a high level is formed on the bus 4. Accordingly, the sequence of high and low levels (bits) forms a sequential binary code. The bit stream itself is formed by the microcontroller 5. The input voltage comparator 12 receives signals from the higher-level controller via the bus 4. At the same time, the reference voltage is formed at the direct input 13 of the voltage comparator 12, as mentioned above. When the level on wire 1 DALI+ voltage is below the reference, voltage comparator 12 generates output 15 and transmits to the interface input 6 of the microcontroller 5 a high level, when the level on wire 1 DALI+ voltage is higher than the reference, voltage comparator 12 generates output 15 and transmits to the interface input 6 microcontroller 5 low. Processing of the received bit stream is also carried out by the microcontroller 5.

The conducted field experiments and the results of computer simulation showed that the bidirectional digital interface formed in the claimed manner in the flood sensor allows the use of the claimed sensor (a plurality of sensors) in distributed digital monitoring systems based on lighting objects using the DALI protocol profiled for them, providing the required quality of measurements.

The foregoing allows us to conclude that the identified problem has been solved, and the claimed technical result - enabling the use of a flood sensor in distributed digital environmental monitoring systems based on lighting objects using the DALI profile protocol for them - has been achieved.

Claims (1)

Flood sensor containing a float-type magnetic liquid level detector, a control unit connected to said detector with interface input and output, and a DC source, characterized in that it is equipped with a two-wire interface, the first wire of which is intended for connection to the positive DALI+ wire of the external DALI interface, and the second, together with the negative wire of the DC source, connected to the circuit ground - to the negative wire of the DALI-external DALI interface, the control unit is made in the form of a microcontroller, equipped with an input voltage comparator and an output transistor switch, the voltage comparator is equipped with a reference voltage driver, made in the form of a series connected resistor and zener diode, the free end of the resistor and the free anode of the zener diode are connected respectively to the positive wire of the power supply and circuit ground, and interconnected - with a direct input of the computer voltage comparator, the inverse input of the voltage comparator is connected to the first wire of the mentioned two-wire interface, the output of the voltage comparator is connected to the interface input of the microcontroller, and the output transistor switch is made in the form of an n-type field effect transistor, the drain of which is connected to the first wire of the mentioned two-wire interface, the source is connected to the second wire of the mentioned two-wire interface, and the gate is connected to the interface output of the microcontroller.

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