RU2129035C1 - Set of game tokens for mathematical games - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: board games, in particular, puzzles. SUBSTANCE: set has at least two groups of game tokens each of which has at least one game surface which is split into at least two regions, which surface is covered with one game symbol which belongs to a group of game symbols. Every group of game tokens contains same game tokens applied on surface of region which fills greater area of game surface. Group, in it turn, is split into at least two sub-groups each of which contains game tokens with same game symbol applied on surface of region which fills second largest area. In each sub-group game tokens differ in, firstly, game symbol which is applied on region surface, which fills third largest area, secondly by number of game symbols which are applied on game surface, and thirdly by position of region which fills third largest area of game surface. EFFECT: development of logical thinking. 63 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to board games that develop logical thinking.

 A game is known in which game elements are made in the form of rectangular tiles, the playing surface of which is divided into two equal zones, on the surface of which game symbols belonging to different groups of game symbols are applied (GB, 2191953, IPC A 63 F 9/20, 1987) .

 A game is known in which game elements are made in the form of square cards, among which there are those whose game surface is divided into four equal zones, and game symbols belonging to the same group of game symbols are applied to the surface of the zones (US, 4778188, cl. A 63 F 9/20, 1988).

 A game is known in which square cards are used, the playing surface of which contains one central zone and four lateral ones. Game symbols belonging to one group of game symbols are applied to the surface of the central zone, and game symbols belonging to another group of game symbols are applied to the surface of the side zones (GB, 1275564, cl. A 63 F 1/02, 1972).

 Also known is a set containing game elements having the shape of a regular hexagonal tile, the playing surface of which is divided into six equal zones, on the surface of which are applied game symbols belonging to one group of game symbols (WO, 86/06974, cl. A 63 F 1 / 02, 1986).

 One of the closest analogues is a set for mathematical games containing game elements, each of which has at least one playing surface, divided into at least two zones, on the surface of which one game symbol belonging to one group of game symbols is applied ( GB 2209957 A, 06/01/89, cl. 6 A 63 F 9/16).

 A disadvantage of the known set is, in particular, a large number of game elements.

 The problem to which the invention is directed is to create a set of game elements for mathematical games, which, firstly, contains the smallest number of game elements, and secondly, makes it possible to combine game elements into groups, and thirdly, would be a hierarchical system in which each game element occupied only one place allotted to it, and only one paired element corresponded to each game element, fourthly, during the game the game elements of which would touch each other s, and having the same game character, fifth, have a high degree of variability, sixth, game elements have various geometric shapes, interconnected by a single module.

 The problem is achieved in that the set for mathematical games containing game elements, each of which has at least one game surface, divided into at least two zones, on the surface of which is applied one game symbol belonging to one group of game symbols, consists of at least two groups of game elements, each of which includes game elements having the same game symbol applied to the surface of a zone occupying a large area of the game surface. The group, in turn, is divided into at least two subgroups, each of which includes game elements having the same game symbol applied to the surface of the zone occupying the second largest area of the game surface. Inside the subgroup, game elements differ from each other, firstly, by the game symbol deposited on the surface of the zone occupying the third largest area of the game surface, and secondly, by the number of game symbols deposited on the game surface, and thirdly, in place the location of the area occupying the third largest area of the playing surface.

In FIG. 1 shows a game element made in the form of a rectangular tile;
in FIG. 2 - a group of game elements having one game symbol deposited on a zone occupying a large area of the playing surface and having different game symbols deposited on the surface of the zone occupying the second largest area of the playing surface;
in FIG. 3 - game element made in the form of a cube;
in FIG. 4 - its scan;
in FIG. 5 - game element made in the form of a bar;
in FIG. 6 - its scan;
in FIG. 7 - 9 - groups of game elements having one common game symbol deposited on the surface of a zone occupying a large area of the game surface, and differing from each other in the number of game symbols deposited on their game surface;
in FIG. 10 - a group of game elements having one common symbol deposited on the surface of the zone occupying a large area of the playing surface and differing from each other in the location of the zones, occupying the second largest area of the playing surface;
in FIG. 11 is a subgroup of game elements having one game symbol deposited on a surface of a zone occupying the second largest area of the game surface and different from each other in different game symbols deposited on the surface of the zones occupying the third largest playing surface;
in FIG. 12 is a subgroup of game elements having one game symbol deposited on the surface of the zone, occupying the second largest area of the game surface and different from each other in the number of game symbols deposited on the game surface;
in FIG. 13 is a subgroup of game elements having one game symbol applied to the surface of the zone, occupying the second largest area of the playing surface and differing from each other in the location of the zone, occupying the third largest area of the playing surface;
in FIG. 14 - game element made in the form of a card;
in FIG. 15 - in the form of a parallelepiped;
in FIG. 16 is a folding game element having flexible connections;
in FIG. 17 is a folding game element having rigid connections;
in FIG. 18 - prefabricated game element;
in FIG. 19 is an integral part of a precast game element;
in FIG. 20 - game element in the case;
in FIG. 21 - 37 - game elements made in the form of checkers (Fig. 21), octahedron (Fig. 22), triangular tile (Fig. 23), square tile (Fig. 24), regular hexagonal tile (Fig. 25), diamond-shaped tiles (Fig. 26), rectangular tiles (Fig. 27), double hexagon tiles (Fig. 28), tetrahedron (Fig. 29), quadrangular pyramid (Fig. 30), hexagonal pyramid (Fig. 31), regular triangular prism (Fig. 32), a cube (Fig. 33), a regular hexagonal prism (Fig. 34), a truncated tetrahedron (Fig. 35), a cuboctahedron (Fig. 36) and a truncated octahedron (Fig. 37);
in FIG. 38 - special board type 1;
in FIG. 39 - type 2;
in FIG. 40 - type 3;
in FIG. 41 - type 4;
in FIG. 42 - type 5;
in FIG. 43 - type 6;
in FIG. 44 - type 7;
in FIG. 45 - type 8;
in FIG. 46 - type 9;
in FIG. 47 - type 10;
in FIG. 48 - type 11;
in FIG. 49 - type 12;
in FIG. 50 - a special board with hexagonal sockets;
in FIG. 51 - one of the positions of the cuboctahedron in the nest of the board;
in FIG. 52 - another position of the same game element;
in FIG. 53 - nest with additional grooves;
in FIG. 54 - the third position of the cuboctahedron;
in FIG. 55 - game element made in the form of a boat;
in FIG. 56 - in the form of a hexagonal bead;
in FIG. 57 - its scan;
in FIG. 58 is a folding board having components made in the form of a regular hexagon;
in FIG. 59 - the reverse side of the component;
in FIG. 60 is a component made in the form of a square;
in FIG. 61 - its reverse side;
in FIG. 62 is a folding board having a square central part;
in FIG. 63 - folding board, the Central part of which is made in the form of a regular hexagon.

 A set for mathematical games consists of at least two groups of game elements, each of which includes game elements having the same game symbol printed on the surface of a zone occupying a large area of the game surface, and the group of game elements, in turn, , is divided into at least two subgroups of game elements, each of which includes game elements having the same game symbol applied to the surface of the zone, occupying the second largest area of the game surface. Inside the subgroup, game elements may differ from each other: firstly, by the game symbol deposited on the surface of the zone occupying the third largest area of the game surface (Fig. 11), and secondly, by the number of game symbols deposited on the game surface ( Fig. 12), thirdly, at the location of the zone, occupying the third largest area of the playing surface (Fig. 13).

 A set typically contains a large number of game elements or game elements with multiple game surfaces. In the first case, they can be performed in the form of cards (Fig. 14), in the second case - in the form of parallelepipeds (Fig. 15).

 A set for math games can be made in several ways.

 Thus, the set may contain game elements (1) made in the form of rectangular tiles (Fig. 1), having one playing surface (2), divided into zones (3), on the surface of which game symbols are applied (4).

 The zone, painted white, occupies a large area of the playing surface. The black area occupies the second largest playing surface. The hatched area occupies the third largest playing surface.

 Game elements with the same game symbol applied to the surface of the zone occupying a large area of the game surface constitutes a group (Fig. 2), inside which game elements differ from each other by game symbols applied to the surface of the zone occupying the second largest playing area surface.

 The game element can be made in the form of a cube (Fig. 3), a scan of which is shown in Fig. 4 has six playing surfaces, or in the form of a bar (FIG. 5), a scan of which is shown in FIG. 6, has four playing surfaces.

 At the end of the bar there is a round or square hole for the protrusion of the connecting element, which is a cube whose faces are equal to the end of the bar and at least two of them have one protrusion. The playing field can be assembled from the bars with the help of connecting elements.

 Three geometric shapes of game elements: tile, cube, block are connected by a single module and have the following relative sizes: tile - 4ax2aha, cube - 2ax2ax2a, block - 8axaha.

 The set may contain triangular tiles with the following dimensions: the length of the hypotenuse is 4a and the length of one of the legs is 2a. The set also contains figures of trains, wagons, cars, ships, aircraft, the relative length of which is 4a.

 For each game, its own set of game elements is compiled, which may include game elements of one, two, or even three geometric shapes.

 Within the group of game elements, in addition to what has already been said, game elements can differ from each other in the number of game symbols printed on the game surface (Fig. 7 - 9) or in the location of the zone occupied by the second largest area of the game surface (Fig. 10) .

 The set may also contain game elements assembled from the constituent parts (5), the permutation of which allows you to change the geometric shape of the game element. Components can be mounted to each other movably using flexible (6) or rigid (7) connecting elements. In FIG. 16 shows a folding game element, the components of which are fastened by a flexible connecting element made of an elastic material.

 The components of another folding game element (Fig. 17) have special grooves (8) and protrusions (9) for the plate connecting them (7).

 The plate has two round holes (10) and between them there is a third, rectangular (11). The diameter of the round holes is equal to the diagonal length of the square protrusion (9), and the width of the rectangular hole is equal to the length of its side. In the hole of the plate is placed a spring (12) connecting the protrusions of the constituent elements.

 The constituent elements are interconnected so that the plane of rotation of one element relative to another is perpendicular to the plane of rotation of the third element.

 In order to change the position of the composite element relative to each other, you need to push them apart, and then turn them to the desired position.

 With an increase in the number of constituent elements in the construction described above, we obtain a new device for mathematical games.

 If in the constituent elements (Fig. 19) to make square (13) or round holes passing through the centers of two cubes of their components, then from the elements obtained using the bars (14), the cross-sectional sizes of which correspond to the dimensions of the holes of the constituent elements, you can collect game elements having various geometric shapes (Fig. 18, 20). The bar has a slot for two-thirds of the length.

 To reduce the number of game surfaces of the game element, a case is made (Fig. 20), which is a box (16) into which the game element is embedded.

 The above folding and prefabricated game elements have components of the following relative sizes - 2axaha.

 But prefabricated game elements can also have components of different shapes, as in the game "Butterflies", which will be discussed in the future.

 The first component of the game element of this game is made in the form of a funnel, the second is the same funnel with a cut off tube (it has an opening for the tube of the first part). The third component is flat, has the shape of the upper part of the silhouette of a bird. It also has a hole for the tube of the first part. The fourth component is an egg with a hole for the tube of the first part. The dimensions of the third and fourth component are such that they can be inserted into the funnel of the first.

 From these parts, you can collect conditional figures: a flower, pupae, caterpillars, butterflies, birds, nests and others. For example, how a butterfly figurine is going. The third part is put on the tube of the first part, and then the second. The assembled game element resembles a butterfly.

 Kits suggest the inclusion of various types of special boards in them and, as a result of this, the expansion of the choice of geometric shapes for game elements.

 Game elements can be made in the form of checkers (Fig. 21), octahedron (Fig. 22), triangular tiles (Fig. 23), square tiles (Fig. 24), hexagonal tiles (Fig. 25), diamond-shaped tiles (Fig. 26), a rectangular tile (FIG. 27), a double hexagonal tile (FIG. 28), a tetrahedron (FIG. 29), a regular quadrangular pyramid (FIG. 30), a regular hexagonal pyramid (FIG. 31), a regular triangular prism (FIG. .32), a cube (Fig. 33), a regular hexagonal prism (Fig. 34), a truncated tetrahedron (Fig. 35), a cube of an octahedron (Fig. 36), a truncated octahedron (Fig. 37).

 We list the types of boards that will be used in the proposed games.

 The first type - the playing surface of the board is divided into equilateral triangles (Fig. 38), the second type - into squares (Fig. 39), the third type - into regular hexagons (Fig. 40), the fourth type - into double equilateral triangles and squares (Fig. 41), the fifth type - on equilateral triangles, squares and regular hexagons (Fig. 42), the sixth type - on single and double equilateral triangles, squares and regular hexagons (Fig. 43).

 Board type 7 - 12 (Fig. 44 - 49) differ respectively from boards type 1 - 6 only in that the ends of the sides of each playing field are connected by two arcs of equal radii. The space enclosed between the concave sides of these arcs is a new form of playing field. In the future, playing fields of this type will be called petals.

 Below we describe the design of several folding boards.

 The first such board (type 3) is shown in FIG. 50. It consists of two identical parts (17), which have hexagonal sockets (18) for game elements made in the form of a cuboctahedron, holes (19) for protrusions and protrusions (20) for fixing the board in assembled form. It is also a box for storing game elements.

 In FIG. 51 and 52 show two positions that cuboctahedrons can occupy in the nest of the board. If additional grooves (21) shown in FIG. 53 are made in the slot, then a third one will be added to the two already known positions (FIG. 54).

 Another version of this board, designed to use game elements made in the form of an octahedron, has square nests.

 Before proceeding to the description of the next board, let us dwell on game elements designed for playing on boards having playing fields in the form of petals.

 Firstly, the contours of such game elements must coincide with the contours of the game fields; secondly, one end of the game element must be different from the other; thirdly, at least have two playing surfaces. The simplest of these game elements, the boat, is depicted in FIG. 55, more complex - a hexagonal bead - in FIG. 56. Its scan is given in FIG. 57. To install it in a fixed horizontal position, the board must have special holes, and if there are special sockets, it can be installed in a vertical position.

 The folding board (Fig. 58) has seven components (22) of a hexagonal or circular shape, consisting of two detachable elements (23), inside of which there are protrusions (24) for fastening and grooves (25) for accommodating flat connecting elements (26) made from materials with tensile properties.

 The six components are attached to the seventh (central) by means of flat connecting elements.

 The playing surface of the board is divided into playing fields bounded by arcs of circles connecting adjacent nodes of a regular triangular lattice (board type. 7).

 The board has holes (27) and nests (28) for game elements made in the form of a hexagonal bead.

 The reverse side of the board (Fig. 59) is divided into playing fields of a triangular shape. Another variant of the board differs only in that the flat components (Fig. 60) are square in shape and the back of the board is divided into square fields, each of which is in turn divided by a white or black line as opposed to the color of the field (Fig. 61).

 A folding board (type 2) is shown in FIG. 62. It contains the central part (29), having the shape of a square and which is the bottom of the box for storing game elements. Side parts (30), which simultaneously serve as the sides of the box, are movably attached to the central part on each side. Valves (31) are movably attached to the lateral parts, which, depending on the design, can have various shapes and the maximum size of which is equal to the size of the central part.

 The central, side parts and valves can be attached to each other in the same way as is done in the construction of the board described above (Fig. 58).

 Another variant of the board (Fig. 63) differs only in the shape of the central part, which is a regular hexagon.

 A special honeycomb board has through cells, the shape of which is determined by the choice of the type of board and corresponds to the shape of the playing fields.

 The game element during the game is inserted into the cell and fixed in it with special protrusions located on the upper and lower edges of its walls. To play on cellular boards, game elements are used made in the form of cubes, tiles, prisms, boats.

 The lattice special board has through cells, the shape of which is determined by the choice of the type of board and corresponds to the shape of the playing fields.

 The game element is inserted into the cell during the game, its edges enter the grooves located on the inner sides of the edges of the lattice, and with a little pressure is fixed in it. To play on trellised boards, game elements made in the form of a hexagonal bead, cuboctahedron, truncated octahedron, etc. are used.

 A set of game elements for math games contains various connecting elements.

 Game elements made in the form of tiles can have grooves for dovetail-type connecting elements on the sides.

 A set may contain corner elements intended for assembly from bars of polyhedrons. Corner elements have faces with protrusions equal to the end of the bar and located at different angles to each other. To assemble each type of polyhedron, its own type of corner elements is required.

 The kit contains connecting elements made in the form of a plate with relative dimensions ax2a and having on either side two protrusions for holes located at the ends of the bars.

 The set contains connecting elements, on one end of which there is a protrusion for the groove of the tile, and on the other, a protrusion for the hole in the end of the bar.

 From the described game elements and special boards, games can be made up, which are a special case of the invention. All games use a full set of game elements (a total of 38 items, of which 30 are at least two-tone, 6 are one-color and two are black and white). Nine colors are used to color game elements, red, orange, yellow (warm colors), green, blue, purple (cold colors), white, gray, black (neutral colors). The first letters are used to indicate the game element, their order corresponds to the size of the area of the game surface painted in this color.

 Game 1 (38 tiles) - contains a set of game elements made in the form of tiles.

 Game 2 (38 dice) - contains game elements made in the form of dice, and a folding board (type 2), shown in FIG. 2.

 Game 3 (38 bars) - contains a set of game elements made in the form of bars.

 Game 4 (system 1) - contains sets of game elements described in game 1 - 3, and connecting elements for bars. Game 4 is the base.

 Game 5 (system 11) - contains a set of folding game elements (FIG. 17) and a special board (type 2), shown in FIG. 62.

 Game 6 (Small Mosaic) - contains a box, 9 rectangular and 7 square tiles. 9 tiles are divided into three groups of three game elements in each, the playing surface of which is divided into zones in the same way as in FIG. 7 for the first three elements. The playing surface of three square tiles is divided diagonally into two equal zones, the other three by two diagonals and four equal zones.

 Game 7 (6 dice) - contains six two-tone dice: a shirt of the first and second dice is white, and dots are black and red, a shirt of the third and fourth are black, and dots are white and red, a shirt of the fifth and sixth is red , dots are white and black.

 Game 8 (9 dice) - contains a box, the bottom and top of which have eight square holes less than the faces of the dice. Through the ninth hole (central), the cubes are inserted into the box. The internal height of the box is such that it allows them to be rolled freely from place to place. Nine cubes have the following colors: KZHF, KZF, ZhKZ, ZhFZ, ZKZh, ZFK, FZK, KFZZh.

 Game 9 (7 cuboctahedrons) - contains a box, the bottom of which has seven through sockets, in which six game elements are made, made in the form of cuboctahedrons and which are partially exposed, which allows them to be rolled from socket to socket, without removing the transparent domed cover. Kubooctaeda have the following colors: KZHG, KZH, ZhKG, ZhGK, GKZh, GZhK, GGK.

 Game 10 (9 truncated octahedrons) - contains a box, the bottom of which has nine through holes in which eight game elements are made, made in the form of truncated octahedrons, which are partially exposed, which allows them to be rolled from socket to socket without removing the transparent cover. The truncated octahedra have the following color: KZhF, KZF, ZhKZ, ZhFZ, ZKZh, EFZh, FZhK, FZK, KFZZh.

 Game 11 (Polyhedra 1) - contains a set of game elements made in the form of bars and a set of corner elements for assembling polyhedrons.

 Game 12 (Polyhedra 11) - contains a set of game elements made in the form of triangular, square and hexagonal tiles having cylindrical grooves and a set of cylindrical connecting elements made in the form of bushings in which one fourth part is cut along the axis of rotation.

 Game 13 (Color Checkers) - contains a regular chessboard and a set of 24 two-color checkers or a hundred-cell board and a set of 30 two-color checkers.

 The game differs from the well-known one rule: a checker can take an opponent’s checker only if the first and last have the same color.

 In the game "Color Checkers" the number of possible positions is several billion times more than in chess.

 Game 14 (Pyramids 1) - contains a special folding board (type 1), shown in FIG. 63, and a set of game elements made in the form of tetrahedrons.

 Game 15 (Pyramids 11) - contains a special board (type 5) and a set of game elements made in the form of tetrahedrons, regular hexagonal pyramids, regular quadrangular pyramids, on the tops of which there are balls.

 Game 16 - contains a special board (type 3) and a set of game elements made in the form of truncated tetrahedrons.

 Game 17 (Prisms 1) - contains a special board (type 4) and a set of game elements made in the form of regular triangular prisms.

 Game 18 (Prisms 11) - contains a special board (type 5) and a set of game elements made in the form of regular triangular prisms, cubes, regular hexagonal prisms.

 Game 19 (Grenades) - contains a special board (type 3), shown in FIG. 50, having hexagonal sockets, and a set of game elements made in the form of cuboctahedrons.

 Game 20 (Crystals) - contains a special board (type 2), similar to the one shown in FIG. 50, having tetrahedral nests, and a set of game elements made in the form of octahedrons.

 Game 21 - contains a special board like the one shown in FIG. 50, having octagonal nests, and a set of game elements made in the form of truncated octahedra.

 Game 22 (Carnival 1) - can be played on any type of special board that has playing fields in the shape of petals. The set includes game elements made in the form of boats (Fig. 55).

 Game 23 (Carnival 11) - contains a special folding board (type 7), shown in FIG. 58, and a set of game elements made in the form of hexagonal beads (Fig. 56).

 Game 24-28 contains a folding board shown in FIG. 58, and a set of game elements corresponding to each game, made in the form of diamond-shaped tiles, rectangular tiles, tetrahedrons, cuboctahedrons, truncated tetraers.

 Game 29 (Solitaire) - contains a trellis board with square cells and convex sides of the ribs and a set of rectangular tiles (Fig. 1), on the back of which there are grooves with concave sides, dividing them into two squares. During the game, all the tiles are on the board and only during the move are rearranged from one edge to the other, and with a light touch is fixed on the board.

 Game 30 (Butterflies) - can be played on any type of special board that has playing fields in the shape of petals. The kit includes four types of components, painted in six colors, from these components two-color conventional figures of pupae, caterpillars, butterflies, birds, nests, flowers, etc. are assembled. The kit also includes game elements made in the form of leaflets, which cover all playing fields before the start of the game.

Claims (1)

 A set for mathematical games containing game elements, each of which has at least one game surface, divided into at least two zones, on the surface of which is applied one game symbol belonging to one group of game symbols, characterized in that the set consists of of at least two groups of game elements, each of which includes game elements having the same game symbol deposited on the surface of a zone occupying a large area of the game surface, the group, in its outline q, it is divided into at least two subgroups, each of which includes game elements having the same game symbol applied to the surface of an area occupying the second largest area of the game surface, and inside the subgroup game elements are different from each other, firstly, by the game symbol deposited on the surface of the zone occupying the third largest area of the game surface, secondly, by the number of game symbols deposited on the game surface, thirdly, by the location of the zone occupying retyu largest area of the playing surface.

Images