RU212479U1 - CHEMOSORPTION GAS FILTRATION UNIT - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to air purification devices from harmful chemical compounds, gases and odors in various industries to protect the environment and reduce industrial emissions into the atmosphere.

The technical solution of the above problem is solved due to the fact that the chemisorption gas filtration plant, which includes distributing-contactor and pocket filtration stages located one after another with filter elements made of fibrous chemisorption filter materials, a system for spraying the filter material with a regenerating solution, a housing combined with a tank for preparing and collection of the regenerating solution, the regenerating solution circulation system and the drop catcher, made of polymeric materials, and characterized in that the irrigation system contains two sets of nozzles, each of which is located in front of the corresponding filtration stage in the direction of the air flow.

The specified technical solution makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the gas filtration chemisorption plant by achieving, while simultaneously carrying out the process of air filtration and regeneration of the chemisorption material, a uniform distribution of the regenerating solution over the thickness of the chemisorption material by the flow of passing air, and as a result, improve environmental safety and reduce industrial emissions into the atmosphere when use of air purification devices in continuous technological processes.

Description

Technical field

The utility model relates to air purification devices from harmful chemical compounds, gases and odors in various industries to protect the environment and reduce industrial emissions into the atmosphere.

State of the art

From the existing prior art, an air purification system is known (RU3892U1 dated 03.03.1995, class MPKB01D 53/34), which includes an air purification device from emissions of reactive gases, vapors and aerosols, containing a filtration unit located in one housing, a tank with a neutralizing liquid, an air inlet pipe connected to a filtration unit containing an expanding channel for slowing down the inlet air flow, a neutralization chamber with neutralization nozzles and a converging channel connected to an air outlet pipe, where a chemisorption filter.

The disadvantages of this technical solution is the undeveloped surface area of the chemisorption material, as follows from the figure, the surface of the chemisorption material is located across the air flow, which, as a rule, leads to excessive material consumption of this air purification system.

A gas scrubber is known (RU200341U1 dated 06/30/2020, IPC class B01D 50/00), consisting of a rectangular body, located horizontally, equipped with an irrigation system, a tank, a pump, a return pipe system, a drainage system, taps, a drop eliminator, a control cabinet, and the body The gas scrubber, the droplet eliminator, the flow part of the pump, the gas scrubber irrigation system, the system of return pipes and the drainage system are made of polymeric materials.

The disadvantages of this invention are: limitation on use in cases of high and / or time-varying concentrations of harmful chemical compounds, gases and odors, for example, such as chemicals of an acidic or basic nature, due to channel effects inherent in any mass transfer nozzle (in the pending patent these are Pahl rings), as well as the need for constant irrigation during the filtration process due to the use of an inert mass transfer packing, which as a result leads to high energy consumption.

The closest technical solution is a gas filtration unit for air purification (RU180061U1 dated 08/08/2016, class IPC B01D29/62), includes filter elements with filter material, a tank and a regenerating solution circulation system, an automation system and is characterized by the fact that the regenerating solution distribution system is a structurally designed volumetric area located above the filter elements with a filter material having hydrophilic properties, and shared with the latter by a perforated surface with the supply of a regenerating solution through evenly spaced holes over the entire surface of the hole, while the holes are located above the filter elements installed vertically.

The disadvantages of this invention is the impossibility of simultaneously carrying out the processes of regeneration of the filter material and air filtration, which significantly limits the scope of this invention and makes it unsafe for the environment to use this invention for air purification in continuous technological processes. In addition, the issue of effective distribution of the regenerating solution in the vertical plane of the filter elements has not been resolved, since the regeneration system is pressureless and the upper part of the filter elements is subjected to excessive wetting, unlike the lower part of the filter elements, which ultimately leads to excess time for the regeneration process.

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

- improving the efficiency of air purification devices;

- expanding the scope of air purification devices in cases of high and / or time-varying concentrations of harmful chemical compounds, gases and odors;

- reduction of energy intensity of air purification devices from harmful chemical compounds, gases and odors;

- improving environmental safety and reducing industrial emissions into the atmosphere when using air purification devices in continuous technological processes;

- expanding the scope of air purification devices in cases of simultaneous presence in the air being cleaned of harmful chemical compounds, gases and odors of various nature (acidic, basic, water-soluble and others).

Disclosure of the essence of the technical solution

The technical solution of the above problem is solved due to the fact that the chemisorption gas filtration plant, which includes distributive-contactor and pocket filtration stages located one after the other with filter elements made of fibrous chemisorption filter materials, a system for spraying the filter material with a regenerating solution, a housing combined with a tank for preparing and collection of the regenerating solution, a regenerating solution circulation system and a drop catcher made of polymeric materials, and characterized in that the irrigation system contains two sets of nozzles, each of which is located in front of the corresponding filtration stage in the direction of the air flow.

The specified technical solution makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the gas filtration chemisorption plant by achieving, while simultaneously carrying out the process of air filtration and regeneration of the chemisorption material, a uniform distribution of the regenerating solution over the thickness of the chemisorption material by the flow of passing air, and as a result, improve environmental safety and reduce industrial emissions into the atmosphere when use of air purification devices in continuous technological processes.

A variant of the technical solution is possible, where at least one filter element can be made of a fibrous ion-exchange material. The specified technical solution allows expanding the scope of air purification devices in cases of high and/or time-varying concentrations of harmful chemical compounds, gases and odors.

A variant of the technical solution is possible, where at least one filter element can be made of a material with hydrophilic properties. The specified technical solution allows to reduce the energy consumption of air purification devices from harmful chemical compounds, gases and odors due to the lack of the need for constant irrigation, as well as to expand the scope of air purification devices in cases of high and / or time-varying concentrations of harmful chemical compounds, gases and odors.

Brief list of drawings

To disclose the proposed technical solution

figure 1 shows the external device of the installation of gas filtration chemisorption;

figure 2 - the internal device of the installation of gas filtration chemisorption, where

pos. 1 - transition chambers for connection to the ventilation system, which are a one-piece non-separable structure made of sheet polymers resistant to the medium being cleaned;

pos. 2 - distributive-contactor stage of filtration, is a structurally designed filter element, consisting of channels formed by lamellas deformed in two planes, between which a fibrous chemisorption cloth is located;

pos. 3 - irrigation system, contains a chemically resistant pump (pos.4), a group of nozzles of a pocket filtration stage (pos.5), a group of nozzles of a distributive-contactor filtration stage (pos.5) and a float-type rotameter (pos.13), application is possible pipe irrigation system with holes from 0.2 to 10 mm;

pos. 4 - regenerating solution supply pump, resistant to the pumped medium;

pos. 5 – a group of nozzles of the pocket filtration stage, which is a spray device for uniform supply of the regenerating solution to the chemisorption material;

pos. 6 - pocket filtration stage is a fibrous chemisorption web laid in small folds on a rigid polymer frame, structurally designed in the form of cassette pockets with a large unfolded surface, called filter elements;

pos. 7 - housing, combined with the tank, is a sealed structure, in the upper part of which two filtration stages are located, and in the lower part there is a tank for preparing and collecting the regenerating solution;

pos. 8 - regenerating solution circulation system contains water supply fittings (pos. 9), solution drain fittings (pos. 10), recirculation fittings (pos. 11);

pos. 9 - water supply fittings, which is a ball or valve valve with a manual or automatic actuator, the flow part of which is chemically resistant to the transported medium;

pos. 10 - fittings for draining the solution, which is a ball or valve valve with a manual or automatic actuator, the flow part of which is chemically resistant to the transported medium;

pos. 11 - fittings for recirculation, which is a ball or valve valve with a manual or automatic actuator, the flow part of which is chemically resistant to the transported medium;

pos. 12 - drop catcher, which is a structurally designed block of channels formed by lamellas deformed in two planes;

pos. 13 - float-type rotameter, the flow part of which is chemically resistant to the transported medium.

pos. 14 - a group of nozzles of the distribution-contactor filtration stage, which is a spray device for uniform supply of the regenerating solution to the chemisorption material;

Implementation of the technical solution

In FIG. 1 - 2 shows the implementation of the technical solution, which works as follows:

Air filtration is carried out in two stages (figure 2).

Through the transition chambers (pos.1), the air enters the casing of the gas-filtration chemisorption plant (pos.7), enters the distribution-contactor filtration stage (pos.2). Due to the slight resistance, as well as the expansion of the channel through which the air flows, there is a decrease in the flow rate and a uniform distribution over the cross section of the gas filtration chemisorption unit. The absorption of the removed components at the distributive-contactor stage of filtration occurs as a result of the movement of air in the plane-parallel channels formed by the separation elements and the diffusion of the absorbed components to the active surface of the chemisorption filter material.

Next, the air enters the pocket filtration stage (pos.6), where air purification is carried out in the process of filtering the purified gas through a chemisorption fibrous material, the functional groups of which chemically bind the toxic component. Due to the developed surface of the pocket filtration stage (pos. 6), the minimum speed of air passing through the filter material and the maximum time of contact of the cleaned air with the functional groups of the material are achieved, and as a result, high efficiency of air purification. In the case of air purification from substances of an acidic or basic nature, an ion-exchange fibrous material is used as a chemisorption material, which has a static ion-exchange capacity and, when using a weakly alkaline or weakly acidic regenerating solution, does not require constant irrigation and, as a result, allows operation at high and / or time-varying concentrations removed substances. When using a material with hydrophilic properties, constant irrigation is not required when cleaning from water-soluble substances.

After the chemisorption material is saturated with toxic components, it is regenerated in liquid form with a reagent solution, as a result of which the functional groups of the material restore their absorbing capacity. To do this, a regenerating solution is prepared in the housing combined with the tank (pos. 7), which then flows through the irrigation system (pos. 3) to the chemisorption filter material, from where it flows by gravity back into the tank. Preparation of the solution is possible in manual or automatic mode. To prepare the solution, the tank is filled with water using the water supply valve (pos. 9) and the reagent is added. In automatic mode, the reagent is added by a chemical dosing pump that is resistant to the active ingredient of the reagent.

During the regeneration process, the regenerating solution sprayed through the nozzles (pos. 5 and pos. 14) enters the chemisorption material (contactor stage, pos. 2 and pocket stage, pos. 6), evenly distributed over its surface. Depending on the quality of the reagents used, full cone, helical nozzles or pipe irrigation systems with openings from 0.2 to 10 mm can be used.

The placement of the irrigation system in front of the pocket filtration stage in the direction of the air flow allows the air filtration process to be carried out independently of the process of regeneration of the chemisorption material, since during the spraying process the solution enters the material exclusively from the outside of the pocket filtration stage, lingering in the structure of the material, thereby preventing excessive consumption of the regenerating solution.

With the simultaneous carrying out of the process of air filtration and regeneration of the chemisorption material, the air flow contributes to the uniform distribution of the regenerating air over the thickness of the chemisorption material, increasing the efficiency of the gas filtration chemisorption plant.

To prevent droplets of the regenerating solution from entering the ventilation system components following the gas-filtration chemisorption unit, the air is directed to the drop catcher, where drops remain on the ribbed surface of the lamellas due to centrifugal forces. The cross-sectional area of the droplet eliminator is specially selected to achieve maximum droplet and moisture removal efficiency.

The regeneration process can be controlled both in manual mode by switching the manual recirculation valve (pos.11) to the regeneration mode and turning on the pump (pos.4), and in automatic mode by controlling the automatic recirculation valve and pump through the controller.

During operation, the regenerating solution gradually changes its acidity level and/or redox potential, and the solution needs to be treated for subsequent safe disposal or continued operation, or replacement of the regenerating solution. Control of the level of acidity and/or redox potential is possible both in periodic manual mode using third-party measuring instruments that are not part of the gas filtration chemisorption unit, and in continuous automatic mode using the built-in controller and ph/ORP electrodes. Due to the partial discharge of the spent solution and the subsequent portionwise addition of water and reagent, the process of a continuous process of air filtration was implemented while replacing the regenerating solution.

To process the solution for the purpose of further safe disposal or continued operation, the gas filtration chemisorption unit is supplemented with a dosing chemical reagent system consisting of a chemical dosing pump resistant to the active substance and a pipe system that automatically maintains the level of acidity and / or redox potential.

Determining the frequency of execution, as well as carrying out the above procedures, is possible in manual or automatic mode. To implement the automatic solution replacement mode, the regenerating solution circulation system (pos. 8) and the pump (pos. 4) are controlled through the controller. The actuators of the fittings of the regenerating solution circulation system (pos. 8) in this case are changed to automatic ones.

Depending on the resistance to the medium being cleaned and the components of the regenerating solution, the following can be used as a material for manufacturing a gas filtration chemisorption plant: polypropylene (homopolymer and copolymers), polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (PVC-C), polyvinyldenfluoride (PVDF, PVDF) , ethylenechlorotrifluoroethylene, fluoroplast and other polymeric materials.

In the case of air purification from harmful chemical compounds, gases and odors of complex composition, it is possible to use a multi-stage purification system consisting of sequentially mounted gas filtration plants, each of which is designed to remove various groups of substances (acidic, basic, water-soluble and others).

Technical solutions coinciding with the totality of the essential features of the claimed utility model have not been identified, which allows us to conclude that the claimed utility model complies with such a patentability condition as "novelty".

The proposed technical solution provides the possibility of continuous effective air filtration from any concentration of harmful chemicals of an acidic, basic nature, as well as water-soluble and other substances, including simultaneously with the process of regeneration of the chemisorption material, while preventing significant entrainment of the regenerating solution into the ventilation system.

Claims (3)

1. Gas filtration chemisorption plant, which includes distributing-contactor and pocket filtration stages arranged one behind the other with filter elements made of fibrous chemisorption filter materials, a system for spraying the filter material with a regenerating solution, a housing combined with a tank for preparing and collecting a regenerating solution, a regenerating solution circulation system and a drop eliminator made of polymeric materials, and characterized in that the irrigation system contains two sets of nozzles, each of which is located in front of the corresponding filtration stage in the direction of the air flow. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one filter element can be made of fibrous ion-exchange material. 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one filter element can be made of a material with hydrophilic properties.

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