RU212191U1 - AUTOMATIC FOR RECEIVING, SORTING AND STORING USED CONTAINERS - Google Patents

Abstract

The machine for receiving, sorting and storing used containers, in comparison with known analogues, has a simpler and more reliable design and can be used for long-term operation both indoors and outdoors due to the fact that in its body the internal space is divided into compartments for various types of containers - a compartment for glass containers and a compartment for plastic containers, and in the front part of the body of the machine there is an inlet for receiving containers, behind which there is a channel inside the body, inclined downwards, with a device that separates the container by weight. This channel starts behind the inlet for receiving containers, passes over the compartment for glass containers and ends above the compartment for plastic containers, while the device that separates the container by weight is made in the form of hatches closed with hinged doors and located on the lower surface of the channel above the compartment for glass containers, where these doors have a hinged connection with their hatches, while the rigidity of the connection of the doors to the hatch is such that the door opens down when a container with a weight greater than the weight of the plastic container hits it, and the number of hatches with doors in the channel is at least one.

Description

The claimed utility model relates to devices for the separate collection and storage of secondary raw materials, namely both plastic and glass, bottles and cans.

The problem that the developer is solving is participation in cleaning up the planet Earth from an ever-increasing amount of garbage, which is the container - plastic, glass.

The purpose of creating the proposed technical solution is to develop an automatic machine of increased reliability for sorting and storing used containers, suitable for mass installation both in various rooms and on the street near the entrances of multi-storey buildings, which will allow organizations involved in waste disposal to more effectively sort and dispose of plastic and glass bottles and will create more favorable conditions for sorting other waste entering the landfill.

This machine can be the main part vandomat - an automatic machine for receiving recyclables, where a person receives payment for handed over, for example, to a bank.

From the prior art, a fandomat is known - “Device for receiving recyclables” (see patent PM No. 1731465, IPC G07F 7/06, published on September 14, 1917), containing a receiving window, a barcode scanner, a movable shutter with a drive, a weight sensor recyclable, made in the form of a strain gauge mounted on a movable damper, as well as a sorting device, made in the form of containers and a movable guide, equipped with a drive, each container is installed on a console element, equipped with a strain gauge weight sensor, in addition, the device for receiving recyclables is equipped with printer and computer, and the computer is connected with the scanner, weight sensors, drives and printer.

The disadvantages of this device are its high dependence on the operation of the computer, which is associated with the scanner, weight sensors, drives and printer, i.e. its operation always requires a connection to electricity, as well as the fact that its installation on the street requires constant heating, which is contrary to the environmental friendliness and economic sense of the device and leads to an inexorably high cost of manufacturing and maintaining the device.

Closest to the claimed device is the fandomat according to the patent CN110992480 "INTELLIGENT AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR RECYCLING BOTTLES FOR BEVERAGES", which is an intelligent automatic machine for recycling bottles for drinks.

Intelligent Automatic Beverage Bottle Recycling Machine includes machine body; a bottle inlet which is provided at the front of the machine body; a bottle supply passage corresponding to the bottle supply opening and inclined downwardly disposed in the machine body; a sensitive device is located at the inlet of the bottle supply channel; a barcode scanner is also located in the bottle feed channel; a plurality of classified recycling containers are located below the bottle feed channel; the weighing device is located at the bottom of the classified recycling container; the grading guide is disposed between the bottle feed path and the grading recovery container; an opening and closing device for controlling beverage bottles to enter the guide device is additionally located at the bottom of the bottle supply channel, the display screen is additionally located at the front end of the machine body, the display screen is electrically connected to the controller, the controller is electrically connected to the communication device, and the controller connected to the background server via the Internet.

The disadvantage of the device according to the patent CN110992480 is its complexity and the impossibility of working in outdoor conditions, as well as the need to connect it to the mains due to the presence of electrical appliances in it.

The claimed device AUTOMATIC FOR RECEIVING , SORTING AND STORING USED CONTAINERS (hereinafter referred to as the machine) is shown in Fig.1 - Fig.5.

Figure 1 shows a front view of the device;

figure 2 shows the functional elements located inside the machine;

figure 3 - design of the compartment for glass bottom, lifted using a counterweight - spring;

figure 4 - the design of the compartment for glass with the bottom, lifted using a counterweight - cargo system;

figure 5 - image of the facade of the building from the outside;

figure 6 - image of the facade of the building from the inside, where:

1 - body;

2 - front panel;

3 - input node for receiving containers;

4 - the bottom of the compartment for glass containers;

5 - the bottom of the compartment for plastic containers;

6 - channel;

7 - channel inlet;

8 - channel outlet;

9 - hatch;

10 - hatch doors;

11 - cable;

12 - block system;

13 - counterweight - spring;

14 - counterweight - cargo system;

15 - devices for fastening bags in compartments;

16 - bag;

17 - damper;

18 - axial bearings;

19 - lifting door;

20 - guides for the lifting door;

21 - hole on the surface of the lifting door;

22 - Z-shaped holder of the lifting door;

23 - guide of the Z-shaped holder of the lifting door;

24 - bearing on the Z-shaped holder of the lifting door under the guide;

25 - bearing on the Z-shaped holder of the lifting door on the damper;

26 - magnet;

27 - damper stop;

28 - hook blocker;

29 - hook;

30 - hinge of the hook;

31 - hook lock;

32 - compartment for glass containers;

33 - compartment for plastic containers.

The technical result of the proposed solution lies in the fact that, compared with known analogues, it has a simpler and more reliable design and can be used for long-term operation both indoors and outdoors due to the fact that the sorting of containers received into the machine is carried out by separating its weight in the channel 6, designed to move containers through it, passing over the compartment for collecting and storing glass containers 32 and ending above the compartment for collecting and storing plastic containers 33, where the distinguishing feature of the proposed machine from all known ones is the presence in channel 6 of one or more hatches 9 located on the lower surface of the channel 6 above the compartment for glass containers 32 and closed with hatch doors 10, which open if the bottle or jar is heavier than a certain value. Hatch doors 10 can be made hinged.

If the bottle or jar is plastic, it is lighter than glass, and slipping to the end of the channel 6 and through the outlet 8, it enters the compartment for plastic containers 33.

In the channel 6, if it is necessary to sort glass containers according to different weights and collect them in different compartments, more than one hatch 9 and more than one compartment for glass containers 32 can be made.

In order for the glass container to fall into hatch 9, channel 6 is set at an angle of more than 10 degrees to the horizontal.

Depending on the requirements of the customer to the conditions of use of the proposed machine, the complexity of its design may be different:

- the simplest design presented in the basic version, where the inlet for receiving containers 3 is an open inlet 7 in the channel 6 located inside the body 1. In this device, bottles or cans, falling into the channel 6, are separated by weight and fall into respective compartments 32 and 33;

- a more complex design, in which the input unit for receiving containers 3 is made in the form of a folding flap 17, which is mounted on axial bearings 18 mounted on the walls of the housing 3 and closes this input from precipitation;

- even more complex design, in which the input node for receiving containers 3 is made on the facade of the building 1 and to a certain extent provides anti-vandal protection. On the outer side of the body 1 there is an inlet for receiving containers 3, through which access is made to the inlet 7 of the channel 6, made in the form of a lifting door 19, in which one or more concentric holes 21 are made, designed to install the neck of the container in them, through which this door 19 is lifted up. The door 19 is installed on the inside of the housing 1 in vertically oriented guides 20 on the inner surface of the housing (see Fig. 5 and Fig. 6) with the possibility of moving the lifting door 19 up and down along them.

Also, the machine provides additional elements that allow you to maintain the integrity of the glass container by making the bottom of the compartment for glass containers 4 movable.

The bottom of the compartment for glass containers 4, which is located under the hatch 9, can be either fixed or movable and connected to a system of counterweights 12, which lowers this bottom 4 under the weight of the accepted container, where the counterweight for the system of blocks is either a spring 13 or a system of weights 14, connected to the bottom through a system of blocks 12 using a cable 15.

Description of the claimed design of the machine

The machine for receiving, sorting and storing used containers includes a body 1 with doors (not numbered in the figures) that provide access to the collected containers, where its internal space is divided into compartments: a compartment for collecting and storing glass containers 32 and a compartment for collecting and storage of plastic containers 33, having in their composition, respectively, the bottoms 4 and 5.

On the front panel 2 of the body 1 there is a window for receiving containers 3, behind which inside the body 1 there is a channel 6, inclined downwards, with an inlet 7 and an outlet 8, and at the same time in the channel the device separating the container by weight is made in the form of hatches 9, closed hatch doors 10, such as hinged.

The novelty of the device lies in the fact that the channel 6 starts behind the container receiving window 3, passes over the compartment for collecting and storing glass containers 32 and ends above the compartment for collecting and storing plastic containers 33, while the doors of the hatch 10, for example, hinged, are a device dividing the container by weight and are located on the lower surface of the channel 6.

Each hatch door 10 has a connection with the hatch 9, for example hinged or spring, while the rigidity of the hinge or spring is such that the door opens down when it hits a container weighing more than the weight of a plastic container. The number of hatches 9 with doors 10 in the channel is at least one. Channel 6 is set at an angle of more than 10 degrees to the horizontal. The channel material is preferably plastic, but the channel can also be made of metal.

The bottom of the compartment for glass containers 4, located under the hatch 9, can be made either in the form of a fixed surface, for example, the bottom of the container 32 or a frame in which there are devices for attaching bags in compartments 15, or in the form of a mobile system in the form of a platform connected to a system of counterweights that lowers this bottom 6 down under the weight of the accepted container, where the counterweight for the system of blocks is either a spring 13 or a system of weights 14 connected to the bottom 4 through a system of blocks 12 using a cable 11.

The inlet for receiving containers 3 is either an inlet 7 in the channel 6, or it is made in the form of a flap 17, which is mounted on axial bearings 18, or has a complex structure made in the form of a lifting door 19 installed in vertically oriented guides 20 on the inner surface of the housing, with the possibility of moving the door up and down along them, having openings 21 on the front side of the housing 1, designed to be installed in them from the neck of the container, through which this lifting door 19 is lifted up, and the damper 17, made with the possibility of rotation either around a horizontally oriented axis, or together with it, where the axis rotates relative to the walls of the housing on axial bearings 18, where the damper 17 is installed under the lifting door 19. In this case, the lifting door 19 and the damper 17 are interconnected on one side by a door fixation unit, and on the other hand - a block for fixing the damper. The door fixation unit includes a Z-holder guide 23, a magnet 26, a Z-shaped holder 22 with a bearing 24 on the Z-shaped holder of the lifting door under the guide 23 and a bearing 25 on the Z-shaped holder of the lifting door on the damper, while the bearing 24 is mounted above the magnet 26 and is clamped between the inside of the lift door 19 and the Z-holder guide 23, and the second bearing is attached to the gate 17, and the magnet 26 is rigidly attached to the bottom of the door. The damper fixation unit includes a hook holder 31, a hook 29, a hook blocker 28, while the hook holder 31 is rigidly mounted on the lifting door 19, protruding below the door, and its lower end has a hinged connection 30 with the hook 29. The hook 29 is made in the form bent plate, the hook of which, when the lifting door 19 is lowered, is clamped between the damper stop 27 and the hook lock 28, where the hook lock 28 is a pin mounted on the side wall of the housing 3, and the damper stop 27 is a pin on the damper 17, directed perpendicular to the hook lock 31.

Description of the operation of the machine

During the operation of the machine, which has a minimum configuration, the following actions are performed.

1. In the receiving window 3, which is also the inlet of the channel 7, either a glass or a plastic container (bottle or can) is thrown. The container enters the channel 6 passing above the compartments (the compartment for collecting and storing glass containers 32 and the compartment for collecting and storing plastic containers 33), and since the channel 6 is made at an inclination to the surface, the container moves in it. The channel is organized in such a way that if a plastic container that has a small weight enters it, then it moves to the outlet of the channel 8 and enters the compartment for collecting and storing plastic containers 33.

If the container is glass (with a greater weight than plastic), then under its weight the doors 10 of the hatch 9, made on the lower surface of the channel 6, will open.

Thus, the container is separated into glass and plastic and accumulated in the respective compartments, which can be made either in the form of simple containers or containers into which bags 16 are pre-inserted, attached in compartments 32 and 33 to fixtures 15.

2. If it is necessary to carefully collect glass containers, the bottom of the compartment for collecting and storing glass containers is made movable, connected with a counterweight through a system of blocks with a spring 13 or a system of weights 14.

3. When performing a machine located on the street and requiring protection of the receiving window 3 from precipitation, it is closed by a damper 17 mounted on axial bearings 18. Otherwise, the machine operates in the same way as described above.

4. When performing an automatic machine located on the street and requiring protection in the form of a more complex system than just a shutter that rises when you press it, the receiving windows 3 consist of a structure in the form of an interconnected lifting door 19, on the surface of which there are slots for container neck inserts (bottles and/or cans). After the neck of the container is inserted into the lifting door 19, this container turns into a handle, pulling up which a person opens this door 19. In this case, the door is temporarily fixed by a magnet 26 at the top, and at the same time, the shutter hook rises and releases the hook lock 28. is released from the latch of the hook 31 and rises when pressed on it. A person lowers the container into the inlet of the channel 7. Then, under its own weight, the door lowers and returns the damper 17 to its original position, which is fixed by the hook lock 28 in the closed state.

Device execution examples

1. Basic design

• overall dimensions of the device 100*65*150 cm;

• the door for removal of containers and maintenance is located on the left or right side of the device according to the size of this side;

• the device has two compartments made in the form of plastic containers with dimensions (L*W*H in cm): 55*29*90 for receiving and storing glass containers and 55*45*90 for receiving and storing plastic containers;

• the channel is made in the form of a plastic pipe with an inner diameter of 15 cm;

• the tare inlet is an inlet in the body of the device with a diameter of 15 cm,

• hatch has dimensions 29*13 cm,

• The hatch door is made in the form of a longitudinally cut piece of pipe in the size of 29*9 cm, and in the closed position three sides of the door coincide with the edges of the hatch.

2. With counterweight system (spring or weight system)

• overall dimensions of the device 100*65*150 cm.

• the door for tare removal and maintenance is located on the left or right side of the device according to the size of this side.

• the device has two compartments made in the form of a system of counterweights with dimensions (L*W*H in cm): 55*29*90 for receiving and storing glass containers and a plastic container 55*45*90 for receiving and storing plastic containers;

• the channel is made in the form of a plastic pipe with an inner diameter of 15 cm;

• the tare inlet is an inlet in the body of the device with a diameter of 15 cm;

• hatch has dimensions 29*13 cm;

• The hatch door is made in the form of a longitudinally cut piece of pipe in the size of 29*9 cm, and in the closed position three sides of the door coincide with the edges of the hatch.

3. With damper on the inlet window

• overall dimensions of the device 100*65*150 cm;

• the door for removal of containers and maintenance is located on the left or right side of the device according to the size of this side;

• the device has two compartments made in the form of plastic containers with dimensions (L*W*H in cm): 55*29*90 for receiving and storing glass containers and 55*45*90 for receiving and storing plastic containers;

• the channel is made in the form of a plastic pipe with an inner diameter of 15 cm;

• the tare inlet is an inlet in the body of the device with a diameter of 15 cm ⁴

• hatch has dimensions 29*13 cm;

• folding damper mounted on axial bearings, damper size 16*16 cm;

• The hatch door is made in the form of a longitudinally cut piece of pipe in the size of 29*9 cm, and in the closed position three sides of the door coincide with the edges of the hatch.

3. With damper and door on the entrance window

• overall dimensions of the device 100*65*150 cm;

• the door for removal of containers and maintenance is located on the left or right side of the device according to the size of this side;

• the device has two compartments made in the form of plastic containers with dimensions (L*W*H in cm): 55*29*90 for receiving and storing glass containers and 55*45*90 for receiving and storing plastic containers;

• the channel is made in the form of a plastic pipe with an inner diameter of 15 cm;

• the tare inlet is an inlet in the body of the device with a diameter of 15 cm;

• hatch has dimensions 29*13 cm ⁴ ;

• folding damper mounted on axial bearings, damper size 16*16 cm;

дверца размерами 19*14 см, при поднятии которой разблокируется открытие заслонки;

a door with dimensions of 19 * 14 cm, when raised, the opening of the damper is unlocked;

контрольного отверстия по размеру горлышек принимаемой тары;

control hole according to the size of the necks of the received container;

• hatch has dimensions 29*13 cm;

• The hatch door is made in the form of a longitudinally cut piece of pipe in the size of 29*9 cm, and in the closed position three sides of the door coincide with the edges of the hatch.

Claims (11)

1. The machine for receiving, sorting and storing used containers includes a body with doors that provide access to the collected containers, the interior of which is divided into compartments for various types of containers, where the compartments include bottoms, in front of the machine body there is an entrance node for receiving containers, behind which inside the body there is a channel inclined downwards, with a device that separates containers by weight, characterized in that the channel starts behind the input node for receiving containers, passes over the compartment for collecting and storing glass containers and ends above the compartment for collection and storage of plastic containers, while the device that separates the container by weight is made in the form of hatches closed with hinged doors and located on the lower surface of the channel above the compartment for glass containers, where these doors have a hinged connection with their hatches, while the rigidity of the connection of the doors with a hatch is such that the door opens down when a container with a weight greater than the weight hits it plastic containers, and the number of hatches with doors in the channel is at least one. 2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the compartment for glass containers is located under the hatch and is connected to a system of counterweights that lowers this bottom down under the weight of the accepted container. 3. The machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the counterweight for the system of blocks is a spring connected to the bottom through the system of blocks using a cable. 4. The machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the counterweight for the system of blocks is a system of weights connected to the bottom with a cable. 5. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the container inlet is an inlet in the channel. 6. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the container inlet is made in the form of a flap, which is mounted on axial bearings. 7. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the input unit for receiving containers is made in the form of a door installed in vertically oriented guides on the inner surface of the body, with the possibility of moving the door up and down along them, having openings on the front surface intended for installation in them of the neck of the container, through which this door is lifted up, and a damper, made with the possibility of rotation either around a horizontally oriented axis, or together with it, where the axis rotates relative to the walls of the housing, where the damper is installed under the door, while the door and the damper are connected between each other on one side with a door fixing block, and on the other side with a shutter fixing block, where the door fixing block includes a Z-shaped holder guide, a magnet, a Z-shaped holder with the first bearing at one end and the second bearing attached to the damper , - on the other, while the first bearing is installed above the magnet and is sandwiched between the housing and the Z-shaped holder guide, and the second bearing is attached to the damper, and the magnet is rigidly attached to the bottom of the door, where the damper fixing unit includes a hook holder, a hook, a hook retainer, a hook lock, while the hook holder is rigidly attached to the door on distance from the door, and its lower end has a hinged connection with a hook, the hook is made in the form of a bent plate, the hook of which, when the door is lowered, is clamped between the damper stop and the hook blocker, where the hook blocker is a pin mounted on the side wall of the housing, and the blocker is a pin on the shutter, directed perpendicular to the hook latch. 8. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of inclination of the channel to the horizontal axis is more than 10 degrees. 9. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel is made of plastic. 10. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel is made of metal. 11. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the compartments have devices for attaching bags in the compartments.

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