RU2121790C1 - Preparative form of pheromone for struggle against flour moth in milling plant and bakery - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: preparative form of pheromone (a preparation "Kunemone-D") is obtained on the basis of 9Z,12E-tetradecadiene-1-yl-acetate that is a sexual hormone of flour moth. Preparative form is pieces (diameter is about 3 mm, wall thickness is about 0.5 mm, length is 10 mm) made of polymeric material. Their core is a bundle of Dacron threads (thickness is 0.001-0.1 mm) containing an adsorbed pheromone at amount 0.2-1.0 mg per a piece. Each piece is covered with polyvinyl chloride layer that is applied from cyclohexane as a solvent followed by solvent evaporation. Preparative form is used for trap of insect-pests to decrease their population. EFFECT: simplified method of preparing, enhanced effectiveness for a long time. 2 tbl, 3 ex

Description

 The invention relates to environmentally friendly preparations for agriculture, specifically to the development of an effective preparative form of pheromones used to control (reduce) the number of insects - pests of agricultural products by trapping them.

 The main purpose of the formulation is to provide continuous and sufficiently long (prolonged) release of the active substance in the required effective concentration.

 Known dispensers made in the form of capillaries of polymer organic [1-5] or inorganic materials [6], filled with pheromone and sealed at one or both ends. The disadvantage of capillaries from inorganic materials is the low efficiency per unit of pheromone contained in them, which requires a significant unproductive high consumption of pheromone. When using capillaries made of organic polymer materials, problems arise in controlling the release of pheromone: depending on the type of polymer, pheromone evaporation through the capillary walls can occur either too quickly or very slowly, which does not provide the required concentration of pheromone in the surrounding air for a long time (several months).

 Dispensers in the form of three-layer and multi-layer plates of polymer materials are also known, between which a composition containing pheromone is placed [7]. These formulations make it possible to more effectively control the rate of pheromone release by selecting the polymer material, the thickness of the coating plates and the composition into which the pheromone is introduced and which is placed between the plates. The disadvantage of these formulations is the relatively large (along the edges of the sandwich) surface of unregulated release of pheromone. In addition, a special technique is required to make these formulations.

 The most commonly used formulations are from natural rubber and various rubbers [8-11]. In particular, pieces of a medical hose (1-2 cm long) are used, on the inner surface of which a pheromone is applied [12] (prototype). However, these formulations do not provide a high efficiency for capturing insects for a long time (several months).

 The proposed technical solution allows you to create for pheromones a new formulation with increased efficiency for a long time and ease of manufacture.

 The task can be achieved if a polymer filamentous material with an active substance (pheromone) applied to it is placed inside a shell of a suitable polymer, through which slow diffusion of pheromone desorbed from the filamentous material can occur. The active substance used was the genital pheromone of mill ognevka (Ephestia kuehniella), a pest of grain and flour stocks with the chemical structure of 9Z, 12E-tetradecadien-1-yl-acetate [13]. As a result, a new preparative form was found, which was cylindrical segments with a shell made of a polymeric material (polyvinyl chloride) with a wall thickness of 0.1 - 0.7 mm, a length of 5-100 mm and a core in the form of untwisted thin synthetic polymer fibers (lavsan , polyamide fibers, with a diameter of 0.001-0.1 mm) with pheromone applied to them. It turned out that these requirements are fully satisfied by the clothes rope manufactured by the Ufimkabel plant (Ufa) with a diameter of ≈ 3 mm (TU 16-739-007-79). Pieces of this rope are used with a length of 10 mm, diameter 3 mm, wall thickness 0.5 mm, inside of which are packed filaments of lavsan 0.01 mm thick with a pheromone applied in a certain amount by impregnating a solution of pheromone in a low boiling inert solvent (for example, n-hexane ) followed by spontaneous evaporation of the solvent. Segments with pheromone are sealed at both ends by heating. To increase the effectiveness of the drug, the obtained sections with pheromone are coated with a thin film of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which ensures more stable diffusion of the pheromone from the proparative form. The new preparation for catching buttermilk butterflies was given the name "Kunemon-D". This is due to the fact that the Kunemon preparation was created at the Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Ufa Scientific Center (Ufa), which is a tape coated with Lipofix glue with pheromone applied to its surface and designed to catch buttermilk butterflies in storages of ground grain.

 However, in flour mills and bakeries, the Kunemon preparation is not very effective due to the loss of stickiness of the open adhesive surface due to its coating with flour dust [14]. A new preparation in the form of a dispenser placed in a trap avoids the loss of stickiness of the adhesive surface.

 Tests of the new Kunemon-D preparation showed its advantages over the well-known dispensers made of rubber materials.

 Tests of the new drug were carried out at the Golden Rye bakery in St. Petersburg from February 1 to December 9, 1994. EK-02 preparations (rubber caps made in the Czech Republic, the dose of pheromone was 1.5 mg / dispenser) and a drug made from red medical rubber (CR) (pheromone dose - 1.0 mg / dispenser). Dispensers were placed in “Atracon AA” traps manufactured by Flora (Estonia). To fix the mill fires caught in the traps of butterflies, Pestificix glue was used. Each variant was tested in 5 replicates. The test results are given in table. 1, showing the number of butterflies trapped on average at one trap per day. The first count of insects in traps 2 weeks after the start of the test.

 As can be seen from the table. 1, the new drug "Kunemon-D" in a dose of 1.0 mg is superior in activity to the reference drugs ЕК-02 and КР.

 The Kunemon-D preparation turned out to be operational for 8 months (on October 6 the average number of trapped insects was 3 per trap), while the RK preparation was half as active by this time, and the EK-02 preparation practically did not attract butterflies after only 6 months.

 The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

 Example 1. Dissolve 100 mg of 9Z, 12E-tetradecadien-1-yl-acetate - genital mill pheromone in 100 mg of freshly distilled n-hexane (pheromone concentration of 1 mg / ml). The clothesline manufactured by the Ufimkabel factory (TU 16-739-007-79) is cut into pieces 10 mm long and each is soldered with a soldering iron from one end. 1 ml of the prepared pheromone solution is injected into the segment with a syringe. After exposure to air until the solvent has completely evaporated (control - by the disappearance of the smell of hexane or until the weight of the preparation is constant), each segment is sealed from the other end and immersed in a solution of polyvinyl chloride (2-3% solution in cyclohexane), incubated for 1 min, removed and after evaporation of the solvent, the preparation “Kunemon-D” containing 1 mg of pheromone is obtained.

 Examples 2 and 3. To obtain the Kunemon-D preparation with a different pheromone content, 1 ml of the solution obtained by appropriate dilution of 1 ml of the pheromone solution prepared according to Example 1 with the corresponding amount of freshly distilled n-hexane is injected into each segment with a syringe (see table. 2).

 Thus, the proposed drug "Kunemon-D" is a new highly effective drug for attracting moth moths to traps, significantly superior to known drugs.

Literature:
1. Leonhardt BA, DS Moreho - Inseet Pheromone Techrol., Chem. and appl. Symp 182 nd Mect. Amer. Chem., New York, 1981, Washington, DC, 1982, 159-173, HJ Chem., 14 0 338 (1984).

 2. Taylor A.W. Inseet, Pheromone Technol. Chem. and appl. Symp 182 nd. Meet Amer. Chem. Soc. New York, 1981, Washington, DC, 1982, 193-207, RG Chem., 14 0 337 (1984).

 3. JP, application, 1230504, RJ Chem., 220 454 II (1990).

 4. JP, application, 249702, RJ Chem., 1 0 377 II (1990).

 5. JP, application, 296502, RJ Chem., 23 0 375 II (1991).

 6. Kosharnaya O.P., Goncharova N.V. Increased production efficiency of household chemical goods. - M., 1987, 78-90; RJ Chem., 10 349 (1988).

 7. JP, application, 62-258301, RJ Chem., 1 0 394 II (1989).

 8. Verzunova L.I., Chalova Z.I., Terekhova A.I. New chemical plant protection products. - M., 1979, 123-128; RJ Chem., 18 0 358 (1979).

 9. E.R. Mitchell, et al. - G. Environ. Sci and Health., 1983, A 18, N 3, 463-470, RG Chem., 19 0 269 (1983).

 10. M. Golub, et al, J. Chem. Ecol., 1983, 9, N 3, 323-333.

 11. Vylegzhanina G. F. et al. Chemistry in agriculture. - 1984, N 8, 31-33; RJ Chem., 1 0 335 (1985).

 12. Anshelevich L.L., Safnov A.P., Ahaev N.S., Yanverkoch Y. Studying the possibility of using pheromone mill spit for mass capture. Conference "New methods of plant protection". - L., 1990, v. 2, p. 55 and 56.

 13. Odinokov V.N., Dzhemilev U.M., Ishmuratov G.Yu., Botsman L.P., Ibragimov A.G., Ladenkova I.M., Kargapoltseva T.A., Zolotarev A.P., Tolstikov G.A. Pheromones of insects and their analogues. Xxviii. Practical synthesis of 9Z, 12E-tetradecadien-1-yl-acetate, a component of the genital pheromones of the Lepidoptera order. Chemistry of natural compounds. 1991, N 2, p. 276-279.

 14. Anshelevich L.L., Lazareva I.A., Karetnikova I.N., Kravchuk A.N., Ahaev N.S. Phased systematic testing. Proceedings of VIZR. 1988, p. 119-127.

Claims (1)

 The preparative form of the pheromone for combating the mill bump in flour mills and bakeries containing a dispenser made of a polymer material coated with a sex mill pheromone of a mill bog - 9Z, 12E-tetradecadien-1-yl-acetate, characterized in that the dispenser is a cut with a diameter of 3 mm, a wall thickness of 0.1 - 0.7 mm, a length of 10 - 20 mm with a core of thin untwisted strands of polymer fiber with a thickness of 0.001 - 0.1 mm with pheromone adsorbed on them in an amount of 0.2 - 1.0 mg on one segment, each of which is covered They are formed by a layer of polyvinyl chloride, applied by keeping the dispenser in a polymer solution, followed by evaporation of the solvent.

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