RU2120882C1 - Submarine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: shipbuilding; submarines equipped with lifesaving appliances. SUBSTANCE: submarine is provided with flexible envelopes with load-bearing net on their outside, winch whose rope is connected with net through adjustable brake, pressure gas source with adjusting and shut-off fittings between flexible envelope and pressure gas source. Safety valve is fitted in lower portion of flexible envelope. Control of shut-off fittings is effected from differential pressure sensor whose cavities are connected with submarine interior and surrounding water medium. Flexible envelope is provided with check valves in its upper and lower parts. Fitted in series relative to upper check valve is controllable valve for bleeding air from flexible envelope. Flexible envelopes are located in chambers equipped with hinged covers on upper portion of submarine hull, mainly in her extremities. EFFECT: enhanced resistance to damage of submarine and improved technical characteristics through reduction of submarine mass. 3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to shipbuilding, in particular to means for saving submarines, as well as any other vessels when they are submerged as a result of an emergency in the aquatic environment.

 Known submarine containing the hull, power plant, compartments for accommodating crew and weapons, steering wheels for changing the position of the boat in the aquatic environment and tanks for changing its buoyancy (see Great Soviet Encyclopedia, M., "Soviet Encyclopedia", 1975, p. 102, 103).

 The disadvantages of this submarine are its low survivability in case of damage to the hull and the failure of their power plant, as well as the large mass caused by the increase in its strength.

 A known submarine containing a hull, a power plant, rudders for changing the position of the boat in the aquatic environment, a tank for changing the buoyancy of the boat by filling them with an outboard water or air, compartments for crew and armaments (see S.N. Prasolov, M. B .Amitin. The device of submarines. M., "Military Publishing", 1973, S. 30-34).

 The disadvantages of the known submarine are low survivability in case of damage to the hull and when diving below the calculated depth, the large mass of the boat, because it is designed for significant immersion depths exceeding the maximum depth of its salvation; excessive energy costs for transportation of excess mass.

 The technical result of the invention is to reduce the mass of the boat, increase its survivability, the ability to use your own means to rise to the surface without assistance in an accident.

 It is achieved by the fact that the known submarine is additionally equipped with flexible shells with power grids outside them, a winch, the cable of which is connected to the grid through an adjustable cable brake, a gas source under pressure with control and shut-off equipment between the flexible shell and the gas source under pressure, while a safety valve is located in the lower part of the flexible shell, and the locking equipment is controlled by a differential pressure sensor, the cavities of which are connected to the internal cavity ki and the external aqueous environment.

 In addition, the flexible casing is equipped with check valves in its upper and lower parts with a flow direction upward, and a controlled valve for bleeding air from the flexible casing is installed in series with the upper check valve.

 In addition, flexible shells are placed in chambers with hinged covers on the upper part of the hull, mainly at the ends of the boat.

 In FIG. 1 shows a submarine, side view; in FIG. 2 - the mechanical part of the boat, which touches the flexible shell in the power grid; in FIG. 3 - pneumatic circuit combined with electric.

 The boat contains a hull 1 with chambers 2 with hinged covers located on its upper surface 3. A flexible shell 4 with a power grid 5 on its surface is placed inside the chamber. The upper part of the flexible shell 4 is equipped with a controllable valve 6, and the safety valve 7 is installed in the lower part. The flexible shell 4 is connected by a hose 8 to a non-return valve 9, an adjustable throttle 10, a controlled valve 11, a non-return valve 12 and a pressure medium gas source 13. The control circuit includes a power source 14, a differential pressure sensor 15, which is connected to the internal cavity of the boat and the external water environment. The sensor 15 has two contacts 16, an adjustable spring 17 that determines the maximum depth of immersion. The electric circuit has switches - keys 18, 19, 20, and outside the hull 1 of the boat is an explosive device (WU) with its own electric drive (not shown in the drawing). The power grid 5 is connected to the winch 21 by a cable 22, and the cable is covered by a brake 23, which is shown as a clamp, but can be of various designs, for example, in the form of a pulley with several turns of the cable 22 and an end clip of the pulley. The latter option is used more often in power systems.

 The boat operates as follows. Consider an emergency situation that does not exhaust the boat’s capabilities when the boat’s dive approaches its estimated dive limit. Let's take a depth of 150 meters. This parameter is selected from the following considerations: at this depth there is no force impact from any storm and at this depth the boat cannot be observed visually from the aircraft. Such extreme depth allows you to design the hull for less static load, save metal of the highest quality, increase the speed and performance characteristics of the boat. When approaching 150 meters of depth, the resistance of the spring 17 is overcome, the contacts 16 are closed, the valve 11 is turned on and the gas begins to flow into the flexible shell 4 from the source 13, the covers 3 are tilted and when the cable 22 is completely braked by the brake 23, the flexible shells 4 are filled until positive buoyancy the whole boat. The boat emerges at any type of accident to the surface. Overpressure is vented through safety valve 7. If the boat has maintained its driving performance, then it can move away from the place of damage. All operations are performed automatically and do not depend on the functional qualities of other boat systems. The surface of the boat can be for a long time, either carrying out repairs, or until the arrival of the rescue vessel. If repairs are made, the boat may continue to carry out its task. To do this, open valve 6 with a key 18, air is blown out of the flexible shell, release the cable 22 from the brake 23 and draw the shell 4 with the net 5 into the chamber 2. In the initial position, the cable 22 should have a play to avoid pinching the flexible shell 4 and the net 5 with the edges of the chamber 2. If necessary, it is possible to connect a vacuum pump to the hose 8 (not shown in the drawing). Check valves 12 will prevent the penetration of water into the internal cavity of the boat and shell 4.

 Special boat operation modes are possible when it is operational.

 Cable 22 should be no more than 100 meters to avoid storm exposure. On the flexible shell 4 and its power grid can be placed a video camera and output lines for air exchange with supply and exhaust ventilation. The boat can fill the shell, which together with the boat creates positive buoyancy. To do this, just turn on key 20 until the system emerges: the boat — flexible shells. After that, release the key 20, if the keys are not locked, if it is locked, turn off the key 19. Then release the brake 23 and extend the cable 22 with the winch 21 to the descent to the desired depth. The boat in such a "suspended" position can be as long as you like when observing the space and the implementation of air exchange and with little or no energy. Moreover, the boat at any time can take a normal position with the placement of the shell 4 with the net 5 in the chamber 2 and continue to perform the task.

 The boat can move when the shells are on the surface and stop at any time if there is a danger of listening, and again freeze without running pumps at a precisely defined depth when observing space outside the aquatic environment and air exchange. Flexible shells 4 with power networks 5, video cameras and air exchange pipes should be camouflaged.

 An explosive device (VU) is used only in exceptional cases when it is necessary to disconnect the flexible shell 4 and leave only its connection with the cable 22. The hose 8 can be quickly restored when the boat emerges, but making it equal to the length of the cable is impractical, although this option is possible. Therefore, the use of an explosive device has not been specifically described. It can be made in the form of a knife with an explosive chamber, where a piston is installed with a knife at the end of the rod and a support for the hose 8 on the other side, which is connected to the cylinder.

 The power network can be made of synthetic material, which has a density twice that of water, and its strength is close to metal. A cable 22 can be made from the same material.

 If we take the radius of the flexible shell 4, when it is mated with the power grid, 5 - 6 meters, then the lifting force will be equal to two flexible shells of 1800 tons. This is for any boat at least 30 - 40% of its carrying capacity.

 All emergency operations are also suitable for any surface vessel and the sequence will be the same as for a boat, and in automatic mode.

Claims (3)

 1. A submarine containing a hull, a power plant, rudders for changing the position of the boat in the aquatic environment, containers for changing the buoyancy of the boat by filling them with an outboard water or air, compartments for crew and weapons, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with flexible shells with power grids outside them, a winch, the cable of which is connected to the grid through an adjustable brake of the cable, a gas source under pressure with control and locking equipment between the flexible sheath and the gas source under pressure, at the same time, a safety valve is located in the lower part of the flexible shell, and the locking equipment is controlled by a differential pressure sensor, the cavities of which are connected to the internal cavity of the boat and the external aqueous medium.  2. The submarine according to claim 1, characterized in that the flexible shell is equipped with check valves in its upper and lower parts with a flow direction upward, and a controllable valve is installed sequentially to the upper check valve for bleeding air from the flexible shell.  3. The submarine according to claim 1, characterized in that the flexible shells are placed in chambers with hinged covers on the upper part of the hull, mainly at the ends of the boat.

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