RU211873U1 - sand filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to water purification and treatment systems, namely to filters containing bulk material in water collection and treatment systems. The sand filter includes a container filled with sifted sand, with an upper inlet pipe and a lower outlet pipe connected to the lower part of the container through a mechanical filter element. The filter element is made in the form of perforated branch pipes evenly spaced at the bottom of the tank and communicated with the outlet branch pipe. The outlet pipe is made with the possibility of reverse injection of water for washing and is equipped with a vertical flushing pipe, the bottom of which is in communication with the bottom of the outlet pipe, and the top is brought out above the sand level and equipped with a valve. The proposed sand filter is easy to manufacture due to the use of a container with one fraction of sand and makes it possible to simplify maintenance due to the possibility of washing the outlet pipe and the filter element from precipitated fine-grained sand to maintain the filter's performance. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to water purification and treatment systems, namely to filters containing bulk material in water collection and treatment systems.

A filter for water wells is known (patent for PM RU No. 105316, IPC E03B 03/22, publ. inside there is a frame pipe, on which a divider and discharge pipes are mounted, while the base of the perforated pipe with a mesh is sealed, and the entrance to the frame pipe is some distance away from the sealed head of the perforated pipe with a mesh, the resulting space acts as a receiving chamber; slots are cut in the frame pipe, through which finely dispersed suspensions are discharged and out of the filter through the outlet pipes.

The disadvantages of this filter are a narrow scope due to the possibility of using only in water wells and the impossibility of flushing tubes clogged with sand or sludge, which leads to high material costs due to the need to regularly remove the filter from the well for cleaning.

A sand filter is also known (patent for PM RU No. 72148, IPC B01D 24/00, C02F 3/04, publ. a working layer of filter sand, a lifting pipe installed vertically in the casing, equipped in the lower part with a gas-lift pump formed by a chamber for a gaseous medium, made in the form of a pipe, enclosing the lifting pipe with a gap and connected to the gaseous medium inlet pipe, and holes in the wall of the lower part of the lifting pipes connecting it with a chamber for a gaseous medium, and in the upper part - a sump made in the form of two cylindrical axially located partitions, the inner of which is adjacent to the outer surface of the wall of the lifting or surrounding pipe, and on the surfaces of the walls of these partitions facing each other each other, annular protrusions are made, forming a vertically directed winding channel, the inlet pipe contaminated water, communicated with the distributor located under the filter layer, pipes for the output of the filtrate and wash water, located in the upper part of the housing, characterized in that it is equipped with a pipeline for supplying steam, equipped with shut-off and control valves and communicated with the gaseous medium inlet pipe.

The disadvantages of this filter are the complexity of the design, leading to complexity in manufacturing, maintenance and repair due to the large number of precisely adjusted and small parts, and the need for constant pumping of wash water to maintain the filter's performance.

The closest in technical essence is a filter (patent RU No. 2660875, IPC B01D 17/02, B01D 24/00, publ. lids, branch pipes for supplying a purified oil-water emulsion, output of separated oil products and purified water, metal meshes limiting the granular filler, characterized in that double-sifted sea sand with a particle size of 0.5-1.0 mm is used as the filter load of the upper stage, and sawdust with a particle size of 0.5-1.0 mm from spruce wood, which has a high porosity, is used as the lower stage of the filtering load, and there is a gap between the layers of sand and sawdust for the accumulation of oil products coalesced in the upper stage, in addition, in the top cover is equipped with an annular perforated collector for supplying purified water, which is made in the form of a ring with holes at the bottom, diameter tr which gradually increases with distance from the inlet, and the distance between them decreases, and the total area of the holes must be greater than the area of the collector inlet.

The disadvantages of this filter design are the difficulty in maintenance and repair due to the large number of meshes and various fractions of quartz sand, and the inability to flush the outlet pipe and the filter element from precipitated fine sand to maintain the filter's performance.

The technical task of the proposed sand filter is to simplify the design by using a container with one fraction of sand and to simplify maintenance due to the possibility of flushing the outlet pipe and the filter element from precipitated fine sand to maintain the filter's performance.

The technical problem is solved by a sand filter, including a container filled with sifted sand, with an upper inlet and a lower outlet connected to the lower part of the container through a mechanical filter element.

What is new is that the filter element is made in the form of perforated pipes evenly located at the bottom of the tank, connected with the outlet pipe, which is made with the possibility of reverse pumping of water for washing and is equipped with a vertical flushing pipe, the bottom of which is connected with the bottom of the outlet pipe, and the top is brought out above the level sand and equipped with a valve.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view (diagram) of the filter before loading sand.

In FIG. 2 shows a filter with sand in longitudinal section.

The sand filter includes a container 1 (Fig. 1 and 2) filled with sifted sand 2 (Fig. 2), with an upper inlet 3 (Fig. 1 and 2) and a lower outlet 4 connected to the lower part of the container 1 through mechanical filter element. The filter element is made in the form of perforated nozzles 5 (Fig. 1) evenly located at the bottom of the tank 1, connected with the outlet nozzle 4. The outlet nozzle 4 is made with the possibility of reversible pumping of water for washing and is equipped with a vertical flushing nozzle 6, the bottom of which is connected with the bottom of the outlet nozzle 4, and the top is brought out above the level 7 (Fig. 2) of sand 2 and is equipped with a valve 8 (Fig. 1 and 2).

Structural elements and technological connections and seals that do not affect the performance of the filter are not shown in the drawings (Fig. 1 and 2) or are shown conditionally.

The filter works as follows.

The container 1 (Fig. 1) is equipped with an inlet pipe 3, an outlet pipe 4 with perforated pipes 5 and a flushing pipe 6 equipped with a valve 8. After that, the container 1 (Fig. 2) is filled with sifted sand 2. The size of the grains and the amount of sand 2 are selected empirically depending on the contamination of the liquid to be purified (the authors do not claim this, since each type of contamination will have its own proportions). After that, the contaminated liquid (water, oil-water mixture, oil with debris, sand, slag, and/or the like) is fed through the inlet pipe 3 into the container 1. The liquid, passing through the sand 2, is cleaned of impurities, due to gravity it goes down containers 1, while being cleaned. From the bottom of the tank 1, purified water seeps through the perforated pipes 5 (Fig. 1) of the sand filter element and enters the outlet pipe 4 (Fig. 2), from where it is taken by a pump (not shown) for further use. Despite the presence of perforated pipes 5 (Fig. 1) of the filter element, fine sand fractions 2 (Fig. 2) pass inside the outlet pipe 4 and are deposited from below inside it, reducing the flow area and contaminating the purified liquid with sand (determined by analyzing samples of the purified liquid). The perforations of the nozzles 5 are also clogged (Fig. 1), which increases the pressure drop required for the passage of liquid through the filter (determined by a decrease in pressure at the pump inlet). To clean the outlet pipe 4 and perforated pipes 5, a liquid flow is reversed into the pipe 4, while opening the valve 8. The speed of the reverse fluid is maintained sufficient to create a turbulent flow (Reynolds number Re ≥ 2340), which raises sand from the bottom of the outlet pipe, which is with liquid from the bottom of the outlet pipe through the flushing pipe 6 (Fig. 1) is fed back into the container 1 above the level 7 of sand 2 until a clean liquid comes from above (determined visually). After that, the valve 8 is closed, and the flow of the reverse fluid passes through the perforated pipes 5 (Fig. 1) into the container, cleans their perforations. After that, the reverse in the outlet pipe 4 (Fig. 2) is turned off, the liquid seeps through the sand 2, which also retains the sand that was washed out of the outlet pipe and perforated pipes 5 (Fig. 1). The filter is brought to its initial state and can operate until the next perforated pipes 5 and outlet pipe 4 are contaminated with sand. Since the removal of sand clogging the pipes 4 and 5 is not required, this also makes it possible to simplify maintenance, since the removal of sand and the replenishment of sand 2 (Fig. 2) of the tank 1 are not required.

The proposed sand filter is easy to manufacture due to the use of a container with one sand fraction and makes it possible to simplify maintenance due to the possibility of washing the outlet pipe and the filter element from precipitated fine-grained sand to maintain the filter's performance.

Claims (1)

Sand filter, including a container filled with sifted sand, with an upper inlet pipe and a lower outlet pipe connected to the lower part of the container through a mechanical filter element, characterized in that the filter element is made in the form of perforated pipes evenly located at the bottom of the container, connected to the outlet pipe, which is made with the possibility of reversible injection of water for washing and is equipped with a vertical flushing pipe, the bottom of which is connected with the bottom of the outlet pipe, and the top is brought out above the sand level and equipped with a valve.

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