RU2114792C1 - Plant for biochemically removing organic and nitrogen containing impurities from concentrated waste waters - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: waste water treatment. SUBSTANCE: invention is intended to treat water containing 1000 to 3000 mg/l of organics and up to 150 mg/l of ammonium salt nitrogen and is appropriate for use when treating waste waters from meat-packing plants, beast farms, battery farms, creameries, etc., and also in microbiological and chemical synthesis. Plant contains biocoagulator I, combined unit II including biofilter with sprinkling system, and air tank-settler with water-jet aeration columns. Circulation pipeline II is connected through pipeline to I and to organic substrate preparation reactor IV additionally included into circuit. Discharge pipeline is connected to combined unit III, which is the second step of treatment and serves as nitrificator. Structure of III is similar to that of II. Circulation pipeline III is connected to I. There are also helium-neon lasers mounted on the trays of sprinkling system III. EFFECT: improved design. 3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to biochemical treatment of concentrated wastewater with an organic impurity content of BOD from 1000 to 3000 mg / l, ammonium nitrogen up to 150 mg / l and can be used in the treatment of industrial wastewater from meat plants, fur farms, poultry farms, creameries, etc. D., as well as in microbiological and chemical synthesis.

 The closest effect to be achieved is a plant for the biochemical treatment of concentrated water from organic and nitrogen-containing contaminants, containing a combined device including a biofilter with an irrigation system, a cylinder-conical aeration tank with water-jet aeration columns and a sludge discharge pipe, a mixing chamber, a circulation pump and process pipelines [one].

 For wastewater treatment, a multi-stage scheme is more effective, which ensures at each stage the adaptation of certain types of microorganisms and various modes of the biochemical oxidation process.

 With high productivity, the construction height of the aeration tanks-sumps increases significantly, and when the bottom is made up of several conical pits with drainage of sludge from each, it becomes more difficult to adjust the hydrodynamic circulation mode of the sludge mixture.

 The objectives of the proposed installation are to expand the range of applications, increase the degree of purification of concentrated wastewater, reduce the construction height of structures and operating costs.

 The tasks are solved by the fact that the biocoagulator I is equipped with a perforated pipeline with a fluid flow regulator on the branch pipe to the combined device II, the circulation pipe of which is connected to the receiving chamber of the aerator 1 and to the reactor additionally included in the scheme for preparing substrate IV. As the second stage of purification and nitrification, there is also a combined device III, equipped with a flooded loading and helium-neon lasers (GNL) and equipped with an additional pipe, which is connected to the circulation pipe III and to the receiving chamber 1, and the drain pipe is connected to the distribution tray of the aerobic bioreactor -nitrifier V, equipped with a coaxially located oxygen saturation chamber, artificial loading, settling zone, circulation pump, which d is connected to a perforated conduit and the receiving chamber to the water jet aerator, and the discharging pipe connected to the mixer, which in turn is coupled IV tubing. The mixer is connected to the IV denitrification distribution system equipped with artificial loading and a water-jet aerator.

The bottom II and III is made flat with the device rollers with slope angles of slopes of 45-65 ^o dividing the bottom into cells. At the same time, the lower ends of the aeration columns are located at a distance of 0.2-0.7 m from the bottom and are evenly spaced along the projection to the plane of the cell bottoms, and the sludge discharge pipe with suction pipes is located around the perimeter of the bottom of the aeration tank-settler and at a distance of 0.1- 0.5 m from the bottom. The loading is made of artificial material representing plates with holes and bristles.

 In FIG. 1 shows a process diagram of a plant for biochemical treatment of concentrated wastewater from organic and nitrogen-containing contaminants; in FIG. 2 and 3 - plan and section of the lower part of the device II and III, respectively; in FIG. 4-6 - types and section of artificial loading, respectively.

The installation includes a feed pipe for the initial waste fluid 1, connected to the receiving chamber of the water-jet aerator 2 of the biocoagulator - averager 1, which is connected by a pipe with a fluid flow regulator 3 to the mixing chamber 4 of the combined device II, consisting of a biofilter 5 with an irrigation system and a collecting pan to which connected aeration columns 6, the main part of which is buried in the aeration tank by one level. The distance from the lower ends of the columns to the bottom of the aeration tank-sump 7 is 0.2-0.7 m. The bottom is horizontal with the device slopes and rollers 8 with angles of 45-65 ^o . Above the rollers 8, a fixed load is installed in the form of plates 9 having holes and bristles. A prefabricated pipeline 10 with suction pipes is located around the bottom and with distances from the bottom of 0.1-0.5 m. The circulation pipe of device II is connected by a pipe 11 to the receiving chamber 2 of the biocoagulator-averaging device 1 and a pipe 12 to the reactor for preparing the organic substrate IV.

 The device II, in turn, is connected by a pipe to the mixing chamber of the combined device III, the circulation pipe of which is also connected by a pipe 13 to the receiving chamber 2 of the biocoagulator-averager I.

 The combined device III is connected by a pipeline to the distribution tray 14 of the aerobic bioreactor V, equipped with a receiving chamber 15 with aeration columns 16 located in a coaxially located aeration chamber 17, a fixed load of 18 from stamped plastic sheets with holes and bristles suspended vertically, allocated around the tank perimeter zone 19 with a collection tray, a circulation pump 20, the suction pipe of which is connected to a perforated pipe 21, laid along the inner perimeter of the reactor V, and the pressure pipe 22 is connected to the receiving chamber 15.

 The collecting tray of the reactor V is connected by a pipe 23 to the mixer 24, where reactor IV is also connected by a pipe 25. In turn, the mixer 24 is connected by a pipe 26 to the distribution system 27 of the denitrifier IV. In the container of the denitrifier, a load of 28 is also made of stamped plastic sheets with holes and bristles and prefabricated trays connected by a pipeline to the water-jet aerator 29.

 In FIG. 2, 3 show a plan and a section of the lower part of the bottom of the combined devices II, III with rollers 8, slopes and a coordinate grid for the placement of aeration columns 6 and a discharge pipe 10 with suction pipes 30. FIG. 4 - 6 show views and section of artificial loading with holes and bristles.

 Installation for biochemical treatment of concentrated wastewater from organic and nitrogen-containing pollution works as follows.

 After preliminary mechanical treatment, the wastewater is fed into the receiving chamber 2 of the water-jet aerator of the biocoagulator-averager I. The sludge mixture (excess biomass) from the combined device III is fed through the pipe 13 and the part of the sludge mixture (the excess biomass) 11 from the combined device II through the pipe 11. The biocoagulator-averager is designed to reduce the concentration of suspended solids by 50-60% and organic pollution by BOD 20-25%. In this case, the content will decrease by 7-10%.

 The clarified wastewater collected by the perforated pipe through a pipe with a flow regulator 3 is evenly discharged into the mixing chamber 4 of the device II.

 Combined device II is designed for the oxidation of organic wastewater contaminants at high loads on sludge. The formation of biocenosis on the bristles of the load 9 increases the concentration of active biomass in the reaction volume of the aeration tank. The presence of holes facilitates the mixing of flows.

 The efficiency of purification of the initial effluents at this stage will be 45-60% for BOD and 35-40% for suspended solids.

At initial concentration of N-NH $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{+}}{\text{4}}$ 150 mg / l nitrogen nitrogen reduction of ammonium salts will be 40-50%. The content of N-NO $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{-}}{\text{3}}$ will increase to 40-50 mg / l. The organic matter necessary for the denitrification process (sludge mixture) is sent via line 12 to the reactor to prepare the organic substrate IV.

The proposed arrangement of aeration columns 6 and the design of the bottom with rollers 8 provide effective mixing of the sludge mixture in the aeration zone and eliminates the formation of zones of sludge. The presence of suction nozzles 30 on the pipeline 10 provides uniform discharge of the sludge mixture along the entire perimeter of the bottom. The clarified, partially purified liquid after the combined device II enters the mixing chamber of the device III, in which the wastewater is cleaned at low biomass loads. To intensify biochemical processes, the circulating fluid is irradiated using helium-neon lasers (GNL). The efficiency of wastewater treatment at this stage will be 25-35% from the BOD of the initial wastewater. Lower N-NH $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{+}}{\text{4}}$ will be 45-60%. The content of N-NO $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{-}}{\text{3}}$ will increase to 80-100 mg / l.

 The clarified, purified liquid from the device III is sent to the distribution tray 13 of the aerobic reactor V. The oxygen supply of the biochemical process, the mixing of the contents and the movement of the liquid through the charge 18 are carried out using a circulation pump 20 that draws the liquid through the perforated pipe 21 and feeds the circulating liquid through the pipe 22 c the receiving chamber 15 of the water-jet aerator with aeration columns 16.

 In the aeration chamber 17, the liquid is saturated with oxygen. The liquid containing dissolved oxygen enters the space above the charge 18, where it is mixed with the liquid entering through the tray 14 from the device III.

 When the liquid circulates through the load in the direction from top to bottom, oxidation of residual organic pollutants immobilized at the load by microflora occurs.

 Reactor V is designed to bring the degree of purification of treated wastewater by BOD and suspended solids to 3 mg / l, the process of blowing the remaining ammonium nitrogen and complete nitrification.

At this stage, the content of N-NH $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{+}}{\text{4}}$ will decrease to 95-98%. N-NO concentration $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{-}}{\text{3}}$ reaches maximum values of 130-150 mg / l. The liquid displaced from the reactor passes through the settling zone 19, enters the collection tray and is discharged through a pipe 23 to a mixer 24, where it is mixed with a flocculent organic substrate coming through a pipe 25 from the reactor to prepare substrate IV. Reactor IV is intended for the complete assimilation by microflora of organic pollutants in the sludge mixture fed into it. To intensify the processes of pollution sorption in V, laser biostimulation of biocenosis is used.

 When the silt mixture is irradiated with helium-neon lasers, the growth rate of microorganisms increases by 2–3 times and, accordingly, the time required for complete sorption of the remaining contaminants is reduced. This eliminates the secondary contamination of the purified liquid during denitrification processes.

From the mixer 24, the mixture of purified water and substrate is fed through a pipe 26 to the distribution system 27 of the denitrifier IV. Further, the liquid passes through a layer of denitrifying sludge suspended and immobilized on charge 28, where particles of a flocculent substrate are retained and then used to power facultative anaerobes. In the denitrifier, the nitrate nitrogen removal efficiency will be 90-95%. The residual concentrations of various forms of mineral nitrogen after blowing will be: N-NH $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{+}}{\text{4}}$ 8-10 mg / l, N-NO $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{-}}{\text{3}}$ 0.3-0.5 mg / l. As the transparency of the liquid leaving the denitrifier decreases, the charge is regenerated by 28 streams of purified water. Next, the water is sent to the water-jet aerator 29, where molecular nitrogen is blown and saturated with oxygen.

 The use of the invention allows to obtain a high effect of wastewater treatment with a high content of hardly oxidizable organic substances and nitrogen of ammonium salts.

Claims (3)

 1. Installation for biochemical treatment of concentrated wastewater from organic and nitrogen-containing contaminants, containing a combined device including a biofilter with an irrigation system, a cylindrical cone aeration tank with water-jet aeration columns and a sludge discharge pipe, a mixing chamber, a circulation pump and technological pipelines, characterized in that it is equipped with a biocoagulator with a receiving chamber of a water-jet aerator and a perforated pipe connected by a drain pipe a wire with a fluid flow regulator with a mixing chamber of the combined device, a nitrifier, including a biofilter with an irrigation system, a cylindrical conical aeration tank with water-jet aeration columns and flooded loading, helium-neon lasers, circulation and outlet pipelines, a reactor for preparing the substrate with helium-non-helium-neon , an aerobic bioreactor including a distribution tray, a receiving chamber of a water-jet aerator, a coaxially located oxygen saturation chamber m, artificial loading, settling zone, perforated sludge discharge pipe, drain pipe and circulation pump connecting the sludge removal pipe to the receiving chamber of the water-jet aerator, mixer and denitrifier with artificial loading, water-jet aerator and distribution system connected to the mixer, combined device through circulation pipelines connected to the receiving chamber of the biocoagulator and the reactor for the preparation of the substrate and equipped with an artificial With the loading, the nitrifier is connected by a circulation pipe to the receiving chamber of the biocoagulator and a bypass pipe to the distribution tray of the aerobic bioreactor, while the reactor for preparing the substrate and the bypass pipe of the aerobic bioreactor are connected to the mixer. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the combined device and nitrifier is made flat and equipped with rollers with slope angles of slopes of 45 - 65 ^o C, dividing the bottom into cells, while the lower ends of the aeration columns are located at a distance of 0.2 - 0.7 m from the bottom of the aeration tank-settler and installed uniformly along the projection to the plane of the bottom of the cells, the pipelines for discharging the sludge mixture are equipped with suction pipes and are located around the perimeter of the bottom of the aeration tank-settler at a distance of 0.1 - 0.5 m from the bottom.  3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the artificial loading is made in the form of plates with holes and bristles on both sides of the plates.

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