RU2108531C1 - Sight-guidance instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: optical- mechanical instruments, in particular, sight-guidance instruments of guided armament being a part of antitank rocket complex intended for production of infra-red highly monochromatic radiation and low divergence of rocket guidance field. SUBSTANCE: sight-guidance instrument has sighting channel 1, information channel 5, electronic unit and control unit 20, which are mounted and electrically coupled on common rack 21 in the form of a single module fastened to the bottom of casing 22 by a hinge joint and fixed in cover 23. The hinge joint is made in the form of two half-hinges 24 and 25 with L-shaped lugs each. The lug of half-hinge 24 is fastened to rack 21, and the other lug has a slot which forms eyes with holes 28 and end surface 29 between them. The other half- hinge (25) has threaded holes 30 and slot 31 for locating pins 39 in the lug, secured in the bottom part of the casing, and the other lug is profiled from the outside. Rack 21 has a slot and the lug end has slot 33 trapezoid-shaped in section, outcoming from square section 36 equal to the width of half-hinge 24, and the joint of the lugs forms eye 37 with hole 38 in it. Rack 21 with half-hinge 24 with its end surface is installed in slot 33 if the lug of half-hinge 25, which is fixed by pins 39 and fastened to casing 22 by screws 40; the eyes of half-hinge 24 envelop eyes 37 and are interconnected by axle 41 through holes 28 and 38 in them. Rack 21 with slot 42 for the lug end of half-hinge 28 has tooth 43 in the upper part with end wedge 44 at the end. Cover 23 has hole 45 arranged oppositely to tooth 43, which receives stopper 46 with slot 47 for the tooth in it. Slot 47 in the cross-section has the shape of symmetrical ososceles trapezoids with the center of symmetry around smaller base 48 equal to the tooth width, and the larger base of one of them (49) is made concave; concavity 49 and the end of wedge 44 of tooth 43 form gap 50 equal at least the tolerance for deformation of the casing with the cover under the impact action on them. EFFECT: enhanced accuracy. 9 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to optical-mechanical devices, in particular to sighting devices for guided weapons as part of an anti-tank missile system, designed to create infrared radiation of high monochromaticity and low divergence of the missile control field.

 In addition, the guidance device searches, detects and identifies targets in daylight conditions in the visible range of the spectrum and night conditions when illuminating the area with local lighting, generating coded laser radiation in the direction of the target, generating a rocket launch sequence diagram, placing a transport and launch container and thermalized device.

 Known instrument-sighting guidance, which is an integral part of the ground control equipment of a complex of guided weapons and is designed to control a missile projectile fired from an anti-tank gun.

 The guidance device includes a sighting and information channels installed in a housing with a cover and electrically interconnected, the optical axes of which are parallel to each other, an electronic unit and a control unit [1].

 The components of the sighting channel are the eyepiece, the wrapping system, the reticle, light filters, a lens, a head mirror with a drive; a cover with a protective glass is installed in front of the head mirror in the device, and a removable hood with a hinged cover is attached to it with locks.

 The components of the information channel are a block of emitters (laser), a modulator with a stabilizer of engine speed, a block of ignition of emitters, a focusing system, a mechanical diaphragm with a protective shutter, a panoramic system that includes a pancratic lens and a pankratic drive, an information channel lens with a wedge assembly, a head mirror, which is common to both channels. The information channel, the optical axis of which is aligned with the optical axis of the sighting channel, forms modulated laser radiation and creates a control field in the area of movement of the guided missile projectile.

 The electronic unit consists of electro-radio elements and provides the issuance of control voltages to the ignition unit and the radiator cooling system, the electromagnet of the mechanical diaphragm, and the LED by command.

 The control unit is designed to generate signals that determine the start sequence diagram, generate a sequence of pulses containing the direction of the linear deviation of the axis of the laser beam in each plane and contains a pump board, indicator board, which are made in microelectronic performance.

 The cover contains a brightness adjustment mechanism, a plug, a switch, part of the sighting channel is a wrapping system, and the cover consists of a drying valve, protrusions for rough aiming of the device on the target, angular shock absorbers and a thermal imager mounting mechanism.

 The sighting and information channels, with their constituent parts, are fixed inside the device’s body on its walls and bottom and are electrically connected to each other and to the control unit boards and electronic components of the electronic unit and closed by a lid to ensure the tightness of the device.

 The operator’s aiming device is aimed at the selected target through the sighting channel and, upon command, turns on the information channel. The laser beam generated by the emitter passes through the lens of the pancratic system and, through the lens, is refracted by the head mirror, goes out into space, while the number of revolutions of both modulating disks is the same and stabilized and space-time modulation is performed, and the pancratic system consisting of a pancretic lens and a drive pankratiki, maintains the diameter of the control field constant throughout the trajectory of the projectile-rocket, and the lens of the information channel finally forms the control field the detection. When the contacts of the sensors of the final position of the pancratic lens are closed, the forward-stroke engine of the lens of the pancratic system is turned off, at the same time the emitter and components of the device return to their original state.

 The disadvantage of this device is that to ensure the reliability and quality of the optical system under all operating conditions, including temperature fluctuations and shock, it is necessary to adjust the sighting and information channels. In addition, during operation it is impossible to change parts with the possibility of convenient and easy replacement, laying and removal of both the optical system and electrical devices and units.

 All these shortcomings lead to a decrease in the reliability and quality of the device and its operational characteristics, the interchangeability of the blocks and the system is violated, since it takes time to align them with the laborious operations of their installation and dismantling.

 Closest to the invention in technical essence is an aiming device IKI3 guided weapons of the T-59 tank, which is designed to monitor from the tank, search, detect targets in day and night conditions to ensure targeted fire with standard projectiles, to ensure targeted fire from the gun guided missiles and control during flight. The guidance device includes electrically connected and interconnected sighting and information channels installed in the housing with a cover, an electronic unit and a control unit [2].

 The reticle includes a grid and a wrapping system. The grid is installed in the image plane of the lens and has a reconciled overlap, reconciled strokes and an aiming mark.

 The reversing system transfers the image plane of the lens and the image to the focal plane of the eyepiece, while the upper mirror, lens, lower mirror and magnifier are common to all operating modes.

 The information channel system includes a radiator with an ignition unit with a cooling system, a projection system, a raster, a wrapping system, a pancratic system, a prism, a lens, an upper mirror.

 The emitter provides the creation of infrared radiation of high monochromaticity and low divergence. Radiation by projection and wrapping systems passes twice through a rotating raster. The raster implements spatio-temporal modulation of radiation and has two modulation tracks: an internal track, the images of which in the focal plane of the lens move from top to bottom, and an external image with a counter in the focal plane of the lens moves from right to left. The raster is driven into rotation by means of a drive, which includes an actuator motor with a stabilizer of rotation speed of the raster.

 The modulated radiation enters the three-component pancratic system, providing a change in the magnification of the image of the raster pattern according to the law defined by the cam profile of the pancratic drive.

 The pancratic drive provides the movement of two moving components of the pancratic system from the initial to the final position relative to the fixed component. In addition, the pancratic drive is controlled by a shutter that blocks the radiation output until the projectile-rocket enters the control information field. After the end of the radiation cycle, the shutter closes again.

 The operator combines the aiming mark with the image of the target, controls the position in space of the axis of the zero commands of the control field, the axis of the zero commands of the control field and the aiming lines (aiming mark) are coordinated. To eliminate the mismatch between the axis of the zero commands and the aiming line, the device has a system for reconciling the axis of the zero commands, the operation of which is ensured by turning the prisms in two mutually perpendicular planes using a reconciliation square with the reconciled strokes of the daily grid of the sighting channel.

 The disadvantage of this device is a decrease in the reliability and quality of matching the optical axis of the zero commands of the control field and the aiming line, which must be monitored all the time under all operating conditions, including temperature fluctuations and shock effects by adjusting the (zero) axis of the zero commands with the aiming line. In addition, in operation it is impossible to change parts of the system with the possibility of convenient and easy replacement, laying and removing both the optical system and electrical devices and blocks, due to the fact that the systems and blocks of the sighting and information channels, the control unit, electronic block, electrical connections of blocks and systems are located and fixed in the internal cavity of the housing on its walls and bottom.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and quality of the aiming device under all operating conditions by reducing the impact on the optical axis of the sighting information channels while simplifying installation and dismantling.

 The goal is achieved in that the aiming device is a sighting device, including an electronic unit, a control unit, a sighting and information channels installed in a housing with a cover and electrically interconnected, the optical axes of which are parallel to each other, mounted on a common wall in the form of one module, which is fastened in two places with the bottom of the device body loop connection made in the form of two half loops, each with L-shaped shelves, each half loop with one shelf fixed to the rack, and the opposite shelf has a groove the second one forms the eyes with holes made in them and the end surface between them, and the other pair, the receiver in one shelf, has threaded holes and a groove for installation pins, which are placed on the bottom of the case and fastened with the bottom of the case with screws, while the opposite half-loop shelf is profiled, for example, in the shape of a "pear", and in the rack underneath it has a groove, respectively; moreover, a groove is made in the end of the half-loop shelf in the cross section in the shape of isosceles trapeziums passing through a smaller base into another sand, which, in turn, passes through a smaller base into a rectangular section equal to the thickness of the half-loop shelf fixed on the rack, and an eye with a hole made in it is formed at the junction of the shelves, while the half-loop shelf of the end surface rack is installed in the end groove of the half-loop shelf fastened with the body, and the eyes covers its eye, and the eyes of the shelves of the half-loop are fastened together by an axis installed in their holes, and in the upper part of the rack between the loop connections n in the form of a flat tooth with a cover in the form of a wedge, and a hole is made in the cover of the housing, in which a stopper is installed with a groove for a tooth in it in cross section in shape in the form of symmetrical equal sides of the trapezium with a center of symmetry around a small base of equal tooth width moreover, the larger base of one of them is made concave, and the end face of the tooth and the concavity of the groove of the tube forms a gap equal to at least the tolerance for deformation of the body with the cover from impact from them, and the tooth stand, groove in the tube, groove on the floor shelf loops fastened to the body, the axis and holes in the eyes, the mounting pins are placed parallel to the optical axis of the sighting and information channels.

 The described design of the aiming sighting device, made with systems in the form of a single module on the rack, is simple, allows for interchangeability of blocks and electrical elements, allows for quick installation and dismantling, increases ease of use, and the loopback and tooth on the rack improves reliability and the quality of alignment of the sighting and information channels during impact on the case and cover, since the rack in the vertical plane is pumped due to the profile groove It is attached in a half-loop fastened to the body and in the eyes, and the tooth of the rack is also pumped into the groove, and the bottom of the groove is made convex, so that the ends of the tooth do not bump into the groove wall. At the same time, the gap formed by the tooth and the convex bottom of the plug eliminates the impact of shocks on the optical axes of the sighting and information channels, and the simplification of installation and dismantling is achieved by removing the module-wall from the housing when removing the cover and unscrewing the screws from the bottom. This design of the device allows you to once align the sighting and information channels, as the rack during operation shifts the sighting and information channels without violating their parallelism with the possibility of tilting in two planes.

 The invention is illustrated in FIG. 1-9.

 In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the aiming sight device, consisting of a target channel 1, including a lens 2, a team with a grid 3, a wraparound system 4, an information channel 5, including a pancratic mechanism with carriages, cams and a reducer 6, two branches of emitters 7, condenser lenses 8, 9, 10, mirror 11, cube-prism 12, collective lens 13, scanning plate 14, pancratic lenses 15, 16, which are fastened to carriages in contact with the pancratic cam, lenses of the lens 17, 18 of the electronic unit 19, which includes emitter pumping board 7, converter board, automation board, converter board, automation board, informant board, display board and control unit 20. These units are mounted and fixed on a common rack 21 by a loop connection to the bottom of the housing 22, fixed in the cover 23.

 The loop connection is made in the form of two half loops 24-25 with shelves of L-shaped form each.

 In FIG. 2 and 3 (view A in FIG. 2), a half loop 24 is shown which is attached to the rack 21 by one shelf, and a groove 26 is formed in the other shelf, which forms the eyes 27 with holes 28 and the end surface 29 between them.

 In FIG. 4 and 5 (view A in FIG. 4) and FIG. 6 (view B in Fig. 5) shows another half-loop 25, in which one shelf has threaded holes 30 and a groove 31 for installation pins fixed in the bottom of the case, and the other half-loop shelf is made outside profiled 32, and the rack has, respectively, a groove at the same time, at the end of the shelf (Fig. 6), a groove 33 is made in cross-section in the form of isosceles trapezoid 34 and 35 emanating from a rectangular cross-section 36 equal in width to the half-loop 24, and the connection of the shelves forms an eye 37 with an opening 38 made therein.

 In FIG. 7 (section AA in FIG. 1) shows the fastening of the rack 21 in the device, where the half-loop shelf 24 is fastened to the rack 21 with the end surface 29 installed in the end groove 33 of the half-loop shelf 25, which is fixed by the mounting pins 39 and fastened to the bottom of the housing by 22 screws 40, and the eyes 27 covers the eye 37 of the half-loop 25 and the axis 41 are fastened together, installed in their holes 28 and 38.

 In FIG. 7 and 8 show the rack 21 with a groove 42 for the profiled end 32 of the shelf half loop 25, and in the upper part of the rack there is a protrusion in the form of a flat tooth 43 with an end edge made in the form of a wedge 44.

 A hole 45 is made in the lid 23 against the tooth 43, into which a plug 46 is installed with a groove 47 for the tooth 43. In addition to FIG. 7, Fig. 9 clearly shows the execution of the groove 47 in the tube with a cross-section in shape in the form of symmetrical isosceles with the trapezoid of the tooth 43, and the larger base of one of them is made concave 49, while the concavity 49 and the end face of the wedge 44 of the tooth 43 form a gap 50.

 The assembly of the aiming device is as follows.

 The rack 21 is fastened with a half-loop stick 24, the end surface 29 is installed in the az 33 half-loop shelves 25, while the eyes 27 of the half-loop shelves 24 cover the eye 37 of the half-loop shelves 25 and connect them to the axis 41, which enters the holes 28 and 38 of the eyelet, then install and fix with the adjustment of the composite systems of the target channel 1 and the information channel 5, mount and electrically connect them to the electronic unit 19 and the control unit 20.

 After that, the assembled, tested, aligned module with the rack 21 is installed in the internal cavity of the housing 22, while the half loops 25 are fixed with the grooves 31 with the installation pins 39 fixed in the bottom of the housing 22, and the half loops 25 are fixed with the screws 40, and the installation pins 39 are installed in the housing in parallel output axes of sighting 1 and informational 5 channels.

 Then cover the housing 22 with the lid 23 and fasten them together, then in the hole 45, which is made in the lid 23 opposite the tooth 43 of the rack 21, insert a stopper 46 and insert a wedge 44 and tooth 43 into the stopper 46 with a groove 47, which is then fixed.

 Dismantling is carried out in the following order: remove the cover with plug 23 and plug 46, then unscrew the screws 40 and remove the rack 21 with the sighting and information 5 channels, the electronic unit 19 and the control unit 20 together with half loops 24 and 25.

 Thus, the present invention improves the reliability and quality of the aiming device under all operating conditions by reducing the impact on the optical axis of the sighting and information channels while simplifying installation and dismantling. Since under the influence of vibrational loads on the housing 22 and the cover 23, the rack 21 is pumped relative to them without disturbing the parallelism of the optical axes of the target 1 and information 5 channels, due to the tilt of the module with the rack 21 in three planes within the tolerance for deformation of the case and cover.

 The rack 21 in the lower part can be displaced relative to the cover due to the fact that the loop connection in which the half loop 24 with the end 29 is installed in the groove 33 of the half loop 25, which is discretely made by expanding generators of the trapezoid 34 and 35 and with the possibility of pumping the profiled shelf 32 into the groove 42 of the rack 21 relative to the eyes 27 and 37 around the axis 41, while in the upper part the upright 21 with the tooth 43 is pumped into the groove 47 of the cork around the small base 48, and the execution of the tooth 43 with the end face in the form of a wedge 44 and the bottom of the groove 47 concave 49 eliminates the possibility of jamming the tooth in p Dhu.

 Under the action of vertical loads on the body and the cover, the rack 21 with systems also does not experience loads, since the gap 50 formed by the bottom of the groove 49 and the end face 44 of the tooth 43 is made at least tolerance for deformation of the body and the cover from impact under all types and operating conditions . With lateral effects of loads along the optical axes, the rack 21 with the housing 22 moves with a tooth 43 along the groove 47 of the plug 46, which also does not violate the general alignment of the optical axes of the sighting and information channels.

 Comparison of the proposed technical solutions with the prototype allowed us to establish compliance with the proposed criterion of "novelty."

 When studying the known technical solutions in this technical field, the features that distinguish the invention from the prototype were not identified, and therefore they provide the proposed technical solution with the criterion of "inventive step".

 The proposed technical solution allows you to unload the influence of the deformation of the housing and the cover of the device on the optical axis of the sighting and information channels, allows you to perform component systems and dismantling the units of the device, and also allows you to align and align the sighting and information channels during assembly not to align and adjust it during operation, which increases its reliability and quality.

 In addition, the proposed technical solution allows to simplify the design of the device, its metal consumption, since the introduction of shock absorbers is excluded, and power stiffeners on the body and cover are eliminated.

Sources of information taken into account:
1. Product 9C53 (ground control equipment). Technical description 9C53.00.00.000TO. Guidance device 9Sh135 KBP.

 Aiming device 1K13. Technical description and operating instructions 1527.00.00.000TO KBP.

Claims (1)

 An aiming device, including an electronic unit installed in a housing with a cover and electrically connected to each other, a control unit, a sighting and information channels, the optical axes of which are parallel to each other, characterized in that it contains an electronic unit, an electronic control unit, the sighting and information channels are fixed on a common rack, which is fastened in two places with the bottom of the device body with a loop connection made in the form of two half loops, each with L-shaped shelves, each I half loop with one shelf is fixed to the rack, and the opposite shelf has a groove that forms the eyes with holes made in them and an end surface between them, and the other pair of half loops in one shelf has threaded holes and a groove for the mounting pins that are located on the bottom of the case and they are fastened with screws to the bottom of the case, while the opposite shelf of the half-loop is shaped, for example, in the shape of a pear, and in the rack under it a groove is made, and the groove in the end of the shelf of the half-loop is made in the cross section in the shape of isosceles trapezoids passing through a smaller base into another trapezoid, which, in turn, passes through a smaller base into a rectangular section equal to the thickness of the half-loop shelf fixed to the rack, and an eye with a hole made in it is formed at the junction of the shelves, at the same time, the shelf of the half-loop of the rack with the end surface installed in the end groove of the shelf of the half-loop fastened to the body and the eye covers its eye, and the eyes of the shelves of the half-loop are fastened together by an axis installed in their holes, and in the upper part of the rack between the loopback joints a protrusion in the form of a wedge is made, and a hole is made in the housing cover, in which a stopper is installed with a tooth groove in it in cross section in shape in the form of symmetrical isosceles sides of trapezoid with a center of symmetry around a small the base equal to the width of the tooth, while the larger base of one of them is made concave, and the end face of the tooth and the concavity of the groove of the tube form a gap equal to at least the tolerance for deformation of the body with the cover from impact on them, and the tooth stand, the groove in the cork, the groove of the half-loop shelf fastened to the body, the axis and holes in the eyes, the installed pins are placed parallel to the optical axis of the sighting and information channels.

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