RU2102060C1 - Insecticide-acaricide composition, method of foodstuffs protection from pests and parasites, method of preparing an insecticide-acaricide powder suspension, method of an insecticide-acaricide powder preparing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicinal disinfection, agriculture. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods of control over agriculture pests. Consumption dose of composition is 1.5-5 g/ha (by active substance). Composition is fine-grade powder of small specific gravity, particle size is less 10 mcm at amount 5 weight%, not less, it has oily-like addition at concentration 0.3-2 weight%. Composition can contain synergistic substance, filling agent, antioxidant and binding agent at amounts 3, 90, 2 and 50%, respectively. Composition can be prepared in the form of powder, tablet, chalk, carrier suspension in solution and so on. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness, improved ecology. 14 cl, 6 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to medicine, as well as intensive agricultural technology, relates, in particular, to the creation of an insecticaricidal composition for protecting a person and a home from synanthropic insects, including bloodsucking.

 Insecticaricidal compositions in the form of powders, tablets, aerosols, pastes, crayons, bars, emulsion concentrates, etc. are known and produced by industry.

The most effective drugs are considered on solid media. The comparison is carried out according to the dose of the active substance (AI). As such carriers, white clay, talc, starch, calcium carbonate (chalk), methyl cellulose, corn flour, etc. (DE, 664061, 820990, etc.) are used. So insecticaricidal compositions are known:
A. In the form of a powder containing pyrethroid and carrier.

 B. In the form of tablets for the subsequent preparation of a suspension of a working solution containing water-soluble salts, a pyrethroid and a starch carrier.

 A known form of insecticidal agents are crayons, consisting mainly of insecticidal AI an inert carrier and a binder, mainly gypsum (Smooth SG, means of repelling bloodsucking and ticks. M. Medicine, 1964).

 Also known is insecticidal chalk based on insecticidal a.v. permethrin type containing stearic acid monoethanolamide as a binder (EP, 0046336).

 The objective of the invention is to expand the range of insecticaricidal agents of high efficiency and sufficiently environmentally friendly. To date, pesticides and environmental safety are incompatible concepts.

 To solve this problem, insecticaricidal compositions have been created in the form of powders, crayons (pencils), suspensions and tablets. Four variants of the invention are proposed, combined by a common inventive concept.

 Insectoacaricidal composition containing AI mainly a class of pyrethroids and a carrier, in addition containing an oily additive, and as a carrier, ultrafine wood with a particle size of 1-50 μm (UDD) or fine grinding of natural plant materials (grass, leaves, bark, etc.), food and feed products ( flour, starch, egg powder, bone, fishmeal, animal feed, etc.), other products of biological origin (waste from the food industry, seafood, light industry, biotechnological industries, etc.), other materials with particle size 1 -50 microns and a content of fractions of particles with sizes less than 10 microns not less than 5 weight. with a specific density of particles close to 1 g / cc, but not more than 1.7 g / cc, for example, soils rich in biomaterial (chernozems, peat, silt); or their mixture with mineral inert powders with chalk, talc, talc-magnesite, kaolin in a ratio of 1: 5 to 20, respectively, in the following ratio of components, wt.

Pyrethroid 0.02-1.0
Oily additive 0.3-2.0
UDD carrier or light fine powders or their compositions with inert mineral powders
In addition, a variant of the insecticaricidal composition containing d. predominantly a class of pyrethroids, a carrier, an oily additive and additionally a filler, mainly chalk, or for the preparation of tablets potassium chloride or a mixture of potassium chloride and starch in a ratio of 1: 0.1-0.3, and as a carrier UDD or other light powders with specific weighing no more than 1.7 g / cm ³ , particle sizes of 1-50 microns and a fraction of particles with sizes less than 10 microns, not less than 5 weight. in the following ratio of components, wt.

Pyrethroid 0.02-1.0
Oily additive 0.3-2.0
UDD or light powders 5-20
Filler Else
Insecticide and acaricidal compositions may additionally contain a synergistic additive, preferably piperonyl butoxide in an amount of 1-3%. As an oily additive, they contain mainly liquid paraffin or silicone oil, liquid non-volatile hydrocarbons. To prevent oxidation of the components of the composition during storage, they may contain antioxidants, mainly derivatives of sterically hindered phenols, in amounts of phenols, in amounts up to 2 weight.

 Insecticaricidal compositions may consist of a suspension of a carrier and a solution of d. moreover, the solvent should mix well with water (alcohols, lower ketones, multicore alcohols, etc.), the carrier is a fine powder of the materials described above. In addition, the composition may also contain a water-insoluble oily additive in a dissolved state, for example surfactants (TWIN-20, -40, -80, etc.), synergists. When such compositions are poured into water, a suspension of insectoacaricidal powder in water is formed, which is applied by typical sprayers of liquid materials on the treated surface, on which insectacaricidal powder is formed after drying. The ratio of components in the composition of the latter type, wt.

Pyrethroid 1-10
Oily additive and / or surfactant and / or synergist up to 5
Carrier of light fine powder 5-20
Solvent Else
Highly active insecticide powder is formed on the treated surface using other types of compositions produced and stored in briquetted form (crayons, tablets).

 The composition is a variant of an insecticide and acaricidal agent in the form of chalk, combined by a single inventive concept, which consists in using UDD for the formation of chalk as a carrier or other light powder materials described above or their mixtures with other carriers such as chalk, kaolin, and other easily abrasive materials light powders in an amount of at least 2 weight. In addition, crayons include binder gypsum, cement, kaolin, other clays, dextrins, other organic adhesives in an amount of 2-40% and filler is easily abrasive material (chalk, kaolin, etc.).

 Insectoacaricidal composition in the form of a chalk, containing AI carrier, binder and filler. Moreover, as mainly used pyrethroid, UDD carrier or other light powder with the ultrafine fraction described above, binder gypsum, cement, white clay, dextrins or other organic adhesives, chalk filler, kaolin in the following ratio of components, wt.

Pyrethroid 0.05-0.5
Media 2-30
Binder 2-40
Filler Else
The amount of binder depends on its type: dextrins and adhesives are used in an amount of 2-10% gypsum, cement 5-20% kaolin 10-40%
Insecticaricidal composition containing d. carrier and binder, moreover, as mainly pyrethroid, as a carrier of UDD and / or another of the above light powders with an ultrafine fraction, as well as chalk, kaolin or other easily abrasive material in a ratio of 1-10: 20, as a binder gypsum, kaolin or organic adhesives in the following ratio of components, wt.

Pyrethroid 0.05-0.5
A mixture of carriers with low specific gravity and mineral powder 80-98
Binder 2-20
The described compositions are novel in terms of new carriers, from a dispersed composition, their combination with oily additives, which in combination with highly effective d.v. allows you to get compositions that have significant advantages over analogues in the method of application of biological effectiveness.

For example, typical consumption rates for powdered insecticidal preparations for pyrethroids for the destruction of red cockroaches Blatella germanica 3-15 g of powder per 1 m ² (5-60 mg ai) at a contact time of 30 s 5 min. Under such conditions, 80-100% death of clean line cockroaches is achieved.

 Table 1 shows the data of comparative tests, which unequivocally testify that typical formulations of powders on mineral carriers with a low content of oily components or without them are sharply inferior in effectiveness to formulations on light powders of a similar degree of dispersion with the content of oily additives recommended by us: For unambiguous interpretation of the results, all the compositions contain the same AI alfamethrin.

 In all the formulations indicated in the table, the fraction of the carrier fraction with particle sizes less than 10 μm exceeded 5 weight.

The specific gravity of particles of flour, grass meal, food powders is about 1.0 g / cm ³ , UDD -1.1 g / cm ³ , lignin 1.2 g / cm ³ , peat soil 1.6 g / cm ³ , chalk more 2 g / cm ³ .

 As an oily additive, liquid paraffin, silicone and industrial (machine) oil were used.

 The implementation in one recipe of all positive factors, fine grinding of the carrier with the content of ultrafine fraction of less than 10 microns is not lower than 5 weight. low specific gravity, carrier, introduction of an oily additive in an amount up to 2 weight. allows you to reduce consumption 5-30 times per unit area without loss of biological effectiveness. Other components of the formulations are of biological origin or not aggressive to the environment. In general, the proposed formulations are most consistent with the concepts of environmental safety and, possibly, environmental cleanliness.

 It was shown that the formulations developed by us destroy typical arthropod pests of food reserves in the norms recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) as permissible residual amounts of pyrethroids in human food. For cyanide-containing pyrethroids, this is usually 0.1-2.0 mg / kg of product. If materials suitable for food use (fine grinding of food products, harmless herbs, wood, leaves, needles), harmless oily additives (petrolatum, edible oils) are used as a carrier and filler, then such compositions can process food products without subsequent removal of the drug. It is fundamentally possible to process food stocks for preventive purposes when storing. In practice, as a rule, the treatment of products infected with pests is applied, followed by the removal of dead insects. In the case of grain and cereals, such removal is carried out by a stream of air. At the same time, a large part of the insecticide and acaricidal powder is removed, which allows processing to be carried out at rates 2-4 times higher than the WHO standards on residual AI

The method of protecting food products with a safe amount of insecticide and acaricidal powder is novel and is included in the claims of the present patent. Its effectiveness on the example of a composition on UDD, alfamethrin and paraffin oil is demonstrated by the data given in Table 2
The WHO norm for alpha-metrine in grain is 0.1-0.5 mg / kg.

 The amount of UDD does not exceed 1 g / kg of grain. Given the fact that after the destruction of insects an operation follows to remove their residues from grain, the grain is then processed into flour or cereal. In these operations, the amount of DDD decreases sharply. Thus, UDD can be considered a food-grade material. A very convenient way of introducing and averaging the drug by volume is the addition of powder to the stream of grain or cereal when they are filled in at the place of storage or transportation, during which intensive mixing of the mass occurs.

 The traditional methods for killing insects from stock pests are fumigation or the use of gases (methyl bromide or phosphine). When fumigation is not achievable complete processing of all grains, thermolysis products accumulate in the shell of the seeds. During gas processing, most of the gas goes into the atmosphere, adversely affecting the environment. Upon reaching the upper atmosphere, gases destroy the ozone layer.

 The above-described factors for increasing the effectiveness of insecticaricidal compositions are applicable not only to powders, but also to other formulations, which in the applied state after use are powders.

 The tabletted forms of insecticaricides are convenient for packaging, transportation and storage. Such formulations are used in the form of aqueous suspensions or emulsions after diluting the tablet in water by spraying the working solution with liquid nebulizers. If the insect-acaricidal powder obtained according to the formulations described above is mixed with the appropriate water-soluble filler and tabulated, we obtain a new variety of highly effective formulations. The difference of such formulations from the above powder forms in addition to the filler is a higher concentration of AI and an oily additive relative to the concentration of light fine powder. The effectiveness of the use of AI and in the formulation, the tablets also increase significantly.

 Compare the formulations on alfamethrin. Recommended consumption rates for one of the best drugs on Dominex-Tablets Alphametrine in a room against cockroaches correspond to a consumption of 50-100 g a.m. on 1 ha. Tablet-based formulation consumption with 20-40% UDD, 5-10% ai 1-5% of an oily additive with a potassium chloride filler corresponds to 16-30 g ai on 1 ha. One of the additional possible reasons for the increase in efficiency is the low absorption of powders on residential materials.

Due to the latter reason, liquid emulsion concentrates are rarely recommended for use in the extermination of domestic insects. Wooden, plastic and other porous surfaces absorb the bulk of the working solution, which requires a sharp increase in consumption rates to achieve an effective result. So, the best liquid concentrates having a consumption rate against leaf-eating pests 7-10 g ai per 1 hectare, when processing premises, they are recommended in the norms of 50 g per 1 hectare in appropriate terms. Liquid concentrates usually contain liquid surfactants, which can be considered analogues of oily additives. When the concentrate is diluted with water, surfactants turn into an oily phase. Therefore, if a light powder of small dispersion is added to the liquid concentrate, then in the preparation of the working solution a suspension of a highly effective insectoacaricidal powder is formed. The specific gravity of the particles close to 1 g / cm ³ allows you to effortlessly obtain a uniform suspension, and the small particle size of the powder does not preclude the use of typical atomizers for liquids. Insectacaricidal powders obtained by this method are practically not absorbed by porous surfaces and the efficiency of using increases sharply - see table.Z.

 A close approach to increasing efficiency has proven itself in creating insecticaricidal agents in the form of crayons. However, for crayons (pencils), oily additives in the composition have practically no effect on effectiveness. The reason is that the powder is applied finely in the form of a densified barrier strip, and the oily additive acts as a plasticizer, further sealing the strip. Insects crossing a denser and more plastic strip knock out a smaller number of particles of insecticidal powder from it, which, apparently, does not compensate for their relatively better efficiency (Table 4).

 Paraffin creates a viscous film on the surface of alphamethrin crystals, preventing its contact with insects. Strips from crayons with liquid paraffin are denser, practically do not crumble from vertical surfaces.

 Chalk powder is one of the best inorganic carriers for insecticide and acaricidal preparations (cf. data on chalk and talc). However, the addition of UDD to the carrier formulation significantly increases the effectiveness of the active ingredient. (table 5).

 Decreased Concentration and the carrier in the second formulation led to increased biological effectiveness, which once again demonstrates the advantages of light powders as carriers. In experiments with nymphs of ticks Amblyomma herbaerum, a significant enhancement of the formulation was also shown as a result of introducing 5 wt. ultrafine fraction of UDD with an average particle size of 15-18 microns (the effectiveness was compared by the average time of knockdown, as the first stage of death of a nymph) (Table 6).

 We have found other advantages of UDD and other light powders as components of crayons (pencils). UDD particles with a larger mouth are needle-shaped with a cross section of 10–20 μm and a length of 20–50 μm. For the chalk mass, they perform a reinforcing function, increasing fracture resistance. Other light powders have greater plasticity than chalk, and play the role of a plasticizer, preventing breakage. When applied in the form of a barrier strip with a thickness of 30-50 microns, particles of such powders, especially UDDs that do not have properties for layer-by-layer abrasion, create an inhomogeneous structure, loosen the strip. The insect, therefore, in contact with the strip more easily destroys it and is in contact with a large number of particles of the insecticaricidal agent.

The principles of creating highly effective chalk have their own characteristics:
the maximum technologically possible amount of light powder containing a fraction of high dispersion, however, while maintaining the abrasion and drawability;
a limited number of oily components (not more than 0.5 wt.), including the actual active ingredients in an oily form, since large quantities of oils reduce the effectiveness of the use of AI

 Examples of the proposed insecticaricidal compositions in the form of powders, suspensions, tablets, crayons (pencils).

 Example 1 powder wt.

Solid pyrethroid alfamethrin 0.02-1.0
Vaseline oil 0.3-2.0
UDD carrier Else
Example 2 powder wt.

Alphamethrin 0.02-1.0
Vaseline oil 0.3-8.0
UDD / chalk carrier in the ratio 1: 4-20 The rest
Example 3 powder wt.

Solid pyrethroid deltamethrin 0.02-1.0
Vaseline oil 0.3-2.0
Carrier UDD 5-20
Filler chalk rest
Example 4 powder wt.

Liquid pyrethroid cypermethrin 0.2-1.0
The carrier grinding the soil with peat averaged size of 8-10 microns Else
Example 5 powder
Liquid pyrethroid zetamethrin 0.02-1.0
Fine wheat flour carrier Else
Example 6 powder
Alphamethrin 0.02-1.0
Vaseline oil 0.3-2.0
Carrier fine grinding of lignin Else
Example 7 Powder
Liquid pyrethroid cypermethrin 0.1-1.0
Synergist piperonyl butoxide 0.3-3.0
Carrier fine grinding of food products (powdered sugar, starch, corn, buckwheat flour, etc.) or mixtures thereof
Example 8 powder
Pyrethroid cygalotrin 0.02-1.0
Vaseline oil 0.3-1.5
Carrier bone or fish meal, pulverized waste from animal feed production
Example 9 powder
Pyrethroid flumetrin 0.02-1.0
Vaseline oil 0.3-2.0
Oxidation stabilizer Irganox 1010 0.5-1.0
Carrier grass meal 20-40
Filler kaolin Else
Example 10 powder
Pyrethroid zetamethrin 0.02-1.0
Refined vegetable oil 0.3-1.5
Carrier of pulverized waste or grinding of leather industry waste - 20-40
Filler waterlogged gypsum
Example 11 Powder
Pyrethroid cypermethrin 0.3-1.0
Synergist piperonyl butoxide 1.0-3.0
Carrier grinding silt Else
Example 12 tablet wt.

Alphamethrin 0.02-1.0
Silicone oil 0.3-2.0
Carrier UDD 5-2O 5-20
Potassium chloride filler
Example 13 tablet
Deltamethrin 0.2-1.0
Industrial oil 0.5-2.0
Carrier grinding chernozem 5-20
Filler mixture potassium chloride-starch 1: 0.1-0.3 Else
Example 14 tablet
Cigalotrin 0.1-1.0
Synerist piperonyl butoxide (oil) 0.3-3.0
Herbal flour carrier 5-20
Potassium chloride filler rest
Example 15 Suspension
Alphamethrin 2-10%
Surfactant TWIN-80 (oil) 0.1-1
Carrier UDD 5-15
Solvent methyl ethyl ketone Else
Example 16 Suspension
Deltamethrin 2-10
Surfactant polyvinyl alcohol (oil) 0.1-1
Herbal flour carrier 5-15
Solvent Isopropyl Alcohol Else
Example 17 suspension
Pyrethoid flumetrin 2-10
Surfactant TWIN-80 (oil) 0.1-1
Carrier grinding bark 5-15
Solvent Glycerin Else
Example 18 Suspension
Cypermethrin 5-15
Carrier Aerosil 10-20
Solvent N-methylpyrrolidone Else
Example 19 crayon
Alphamethrin 0.05-0.5
Carrier UDD 5-40
Binding gypsum 5-20
Filler waterlogged gypsum
Example 20
Deltamethrin 0.05-0.5
Herbal flour carrier 5-30
Vaseline oil up to 0.5
Binder starch (paste) 3-10
Filler chalk rest
Example 21
Liquid pyrethroid cypermethrin 0.1-0.5
Carrier lignin 50-70
Binder kaolin Else

Claims (10)

1. Insecticide and acaricidal composition containing an active substance, mainly a class of pyrethroids, and a carrier, characterized in that it additionally contains an oily additive, and as a carrier - a fine powder or grinding of natural substances of plant or other biological origin with a specific gravity of particles of not more than 1, 7 g / cm ³ , with a particle size of predominantly 1 50 microns and fractions of a fraction of particles with a size of not more than 10 microns not less than 5 wt.  2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that as an oil-forming additive, liquid paraffin, silicone, industrial, machine, vegetable oil is used, not prone to polymerization during storage.  3. The composition according to PP.1 and 2, characterized in that it further comprises a synergistic additive, mainly piperonylbutoxide, in an amount of up to 3 wt.  4. The composition according to paragraphs. 1 to 3, characterized in that it further comprises an oxidation stabilizer, mainly derivatives of sterically hindered phenols, in an amount of up to 2 wt.  5. The composition according to PP.1 to 4, characterized in that it is a powder (dust) in the following ratio of components, wt. Active ingredient 0.02 1.0
Oil-forming additive 0.3 2.0
Filler and / or carrier Up to 100
in this case, when the filler and the carrier are used together, the proportion of the latter is not lower than 5 wt.  6. A method of protecting food supplies from arthropod pests and parasites, based on the use of an insecticide and acaricidal powder, characterized in that the composition according to claim 5 is used, the processing being carried out during storage or transportation before cleaning the products from dirt, dust or residues of foreign biomaterial.  7. Compositions according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is a tablet formulation with a ratio of components in tablets, wt. Active ingredient 0.02 1.0
Oil-forming additive 0.3 3.0
Carrier 5 20
Filler, mainly potassium chloride with and without starch additives
8. The composition according to PP.1 to 4, characterized in that it is a solution of the components in a water-soluble solvent, and the carrier in the form of a suspension in the following ratio of components, wt. Active ingredient 2 15
Oily additive Up to 1
Carrier 5 20
Solvent Else
9. The composition according to claim 8, characterized in that as a solvent it contains lower alcohols with a carbon chain C1 C3, glycols, polyhydric alcohols, lower ketones, alkylamides of organic acids, including their cyclic derivatives of dialkyl sulfoxides, including their cyclic derivatives, sulfolane and its structural analogues with another carbon skeleton, and as a carrier, ultrafine inorganic materials such as aerosil.  10. A method of obtaining a suspension of insecticide and acaricidal powder by mixing the active substance with the target additives, characterized in that the composition according to claims 8 and 9 is mixed with water, which leads to the reprecipitation of the active substances and oil-forming additives in the hydrophobic phase, which is sorbed mainly on carrier particles, the resulting suspension is used to treat objects in the form of drops.  11. A method of producing an insect-acaricidal powder, characterized in that the solution of the composition according to claims 8 and 9 is poured into an excess of an aqueous solution of salts with a concentration of the latter 0.1 to 10 wt. the resulting aqueous-organic mixture is hot sprayed into an ultrafine air-drop mixture with rapid evaporation of water and volatile organic components, the resulting insect-acaricidal powder is deposited directly on the treated object.  12. The composition according to PP.1 to 4, characterized in that it is a briquetted product (chalk, whetstone) and further comprises a binder in the following ratio of components, wt. Active ingredient 0.05 0.5
Oil Additive Up to 0.5
Binder 2 50
Filler and / or carrier Else
13. The composition according to p. 12, characterized in that as a binder it contains gypsum or cement, kaolin, organic adhesives in the following ratio, wt. Plaster or cement 5 20
Organic adhesives 2 10
Kaolin Else
14. The composition according to PP.1 to 5, characterized in that it contains a synergistic additive according to claim 3 and / or an oxidation stabilizer according to claim 4 in the following ratio of components, wt. Active ingredient 0.02 1.0
Oily additive 0.3 2.0
Synergist and / or oxidation stabilizer Up to 3.0 and up to 2.0, respectively
Filler and / or carriers Up to 100g

Images