RU2101689C1 - Method of vibrational balancing of rotors and oscillatory system of balancing machine for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: balancing equipment, balancing of rotors individually or in mix of article. SUBSTANCE: rotor is imparted with rotational speed by excitation of linear or angular mechanical vibrations in one of supports with vibration axis in correction plane and passing through axis of rotor. Then time of motion of " heavy " area on surface of rotor to points of steady state of quasi-equilibrium with testing weight and without it are determined. Position and value of correcting mass are determined on this basis in agreement with proposed dependence. Oscillatory system incorporates base, vibration converters installed rigidly on supports and measuring equipment. EFFECT: enhanced authenticity of method and balancing machine. 2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to a balancing technique, namely, to methods and devices for balancing rotors.

 A known method of dynamic balancing of rotors (OST 1 80195-74. Dynamic balancing of rotors of gyromotors. Typical process), according to which (paragraph 2.1.3.2.1.13) install the rotor on the supports, combine one of the correction planes with the center line, bring the rotor into rotation at a given frequency, determine the angle and value of the unbalance in this plane, combine the second plane with the line of centers and determine the unbalance parameters in it.

 The specified known decision is taken as a prototype.

 The closest analogue to the device is a balancing machine for dynamic balancing of rotors (AS USSR N 780014, G 01 M 1/16, 1949).

 The technical result of the invention is to improve the accuracy of balancing by eliminating the influence of spurious vibrations of non-rotating masses of the oscillatory system.

 The drawing shows a diagram of an oscillatory system of a balancing machine for implementing the method.

 The oscillation system consists of a base 1, vibration transducers 2 installed between the base and the corresponding support 3, a measuring system (not shown).

 The method of vibrational balancing of the rotors is as follows.

 Balanced rotor 4 is mounted on supports 3 fixedly connected to vibration transducers 2. Combine one of the correction planes, for example, ZOY with the line of centers OZ. Rotate the rotor 4. For this, rotor is informed of the angular mechanical vibrations around the line of centers OZ with the help of a vibration transducer 2 of angular vibrations (in the drawing, from the bottom left, mounted along the axis of the line of centers OZ). There is a transfer of power from the vibration transducer 2 to the rotor 4 through the support 3, as a result, the rotor 4 is affected by a torque due to inertia, which ensures the rotation of the rotor 4.

Option Two. To rotate the rotor 4, it is informed of linear mechanical vibrations along the OY axis ₁ with the help of a vibratory transducer 2 of linear vibrations (in the drawing, at the top right with the mount on the base 1). In practice, these oscillations are close in their influence to angular (the first option), since in this case the rotor vibrations are carried out around the same line of OZ centers. In the general case, for a clear understanding, the mention in the description of the second option should be excluded, since it repeats the first.

 Due to the action of the inertia force, the “heavy” place will slowly move to the minimum point of the function as to some stable state of quasiequilibrium. The upper position of the "heavy" place can be stabilized by properly dosed vibration of the axis of the rotor 4. When stabilizing a stable upper position, the position of the "heavy" place on the rotor surface is fixed ("marked").

с контрольным грузом m_к к точке устойчивого верхнего положения, снимают контрольный груз m_к. Повторяют измерения для времени t_i без контрольного груза m_к и производят соответствующие вычисления по выражению:

Для этого же ротора повторяют измерения в плоскости ZOY.The measurement of time t _{to the} movement of the "heavy" place on the surface of the rotor with a control load m _to and time t _i without load to a stable upper position is as follows. For example, a control load m _{k is} prepared from wax, attach it to the mark of the “hard” spot on the surface of the rotor 4 in the plane Z ₁ O ₁ Y ₁ , turn the rotor 4 so that the mark of the “hard” spot from the fixed upper position moves to the lower at an angle equal to π, the rotor 4 is brought into rotation by vibration around the OZ axis, the time t is measured _to move the "heavy" place at a given angular distance

with the control load m _k to the point of stable upper position, remove the control load m _k . Measurements are repeated for time t _i without a control load m _k and the corresponding calculations are made according to the expression:

For the same rotor, measurements in the ZOY plane are repeated.

Пример измерений. Измерение осуществляли с помощью стенда вибрационного электродинамического ВЭДС-10А (Паспорт. Союзтогмашприбор. ПО "Виброприбор", 1981, 28 л.), использованного в качестве вибропреобразователя.For each subsequent (i + 1) -th rotor, measurements and calculations are carried out as described above, or measurements of the time t _{i + 1} of the surface movement of the rotor without load are performed, and the calculations are performed by the expression:

Measurement example. The measurement was carried out using a vibrating electrodynamic VEDS-10A test bench (Passport. Soyuztogmashpribor. PO Vibropribor, 1981, 28 l.) Used as a vibration transducer.

Oscillations were applied along the O ₁ Y axis with a frequency of 125 Hz and a 5g overload around the OZ axis.

The value of the control load m _to 0.2 g
Travel time with load t _to 21 s
Travel time without load t _i 67.5 s, t _{i + 1} 80 s
The value of the correction mass m _i 0,09 g, m _{i + 1} 0,076 ge

Claims (2)

1. The method of vibrational balancing of the rotor, including mounting the rotor on the bearings, communicating rotation of the rotor, measuring the parameters of the vibrational motion of the rotor, determining the location of the unbalanced mass on the rotor surface in the correction plane and the value of the correction mass, characterized in that the rotor is rotated by excitation in one of rotor bearings of angular mechanical vibrations around an axis intersecting with the plane of the rotor and located on the end plane of the rotor, coinciding with the plane of correction and, fix the location of the unbalanced mass on the surface of the rotor with its stable state of quasiequilibrium, deflect the rotor from the point of quasiequilibrium by a predetermined angle and measure the time of movement of the rotor to the point of stable state of quasiequilibrium, repeatedly deflect the rotor with the control load from the point of quasiequilibrium by a predetermined angle and measure the movement time rotor to the point of a stable state of quasiequilibrium, after which the value of the correction mass is determined by the dependence

where t _{to the} time of movement of the place of unbalanced mass with a control load;
t time of movement of an unbalanced mass without a control load;
m _{to the} mass of the test load.  2. The oscillation system of the balancing machine, consisting of a base, supports, a rotor with pins mounted on supports, and a rotor vibration excitation element, characterized in that the rotor vibration excitation element is made in the form of vibration transducers installed between the base and respective supports, each of which vibration transducers are rigidly connected to the corresponding support of the base.