RU210131U1 - Triaxial turntable for fixed antenna systems of satellite communications - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to antenna technology, is used in antenna installations of ground-based transceiver communication systems with low-orbit spacecraft and is designed for controlled rotation of the antenna in azimuth, elevation and inclination. The utility model is used as a turntable (hereinafter referred to as RO) for installation, precise orientation along three axes and pointing at the given coordinates of a parabolic reflector of a satellite communication antenna system with a diameter of up to 8 m. RO is a metal structure that allows you to mount an antenna system on it (hereinafter referred to as the AC) and providing, with the help of three rotary mechanisms, the guidance of the AC to the specified coordinates. The use of the third axis (tilt axis) makes it possible to avoid the formation of "dead zones" when pointing the speakers at spacecraft. The base of the OPU is a column, with the help of which the OPU is fixed on the support platform. An azimuthal base is mounted on top of the column on two tapered bearings. The bearing perceives vertical and horizontal loads during rotation around the vertical axis (in azimuth). Rotation is provided by an electromechanical drive located on the azimuthal base. On both sides of the azimuth base there are elevation brackets that can rotate around the horizontal axis (in elevation). Rotation is provided by an electromechanical drive located in the left elevation bracket. To compensate for the weight of the speakers, counterweights are provided at the rear of the brackets. To mount the speakers, a flange is fixed between the elevation brackets in their front part. The flange also provides rotation of the speakers along the tilt axis with the help of an electromechanical drive located in the right elevation bracket. Platforms are located on elevation brackets for ease of maintenance of the control unit, access to which is provided by means of a ladder. During operation of the operation, the ladder is stored folded, fixed on the base column. The proposed technical result makes it possible to increase the accuracy of pointing the AU to spacecraft, to increase the structural strength of the OPU and the maximum diameter of the AU reflector installed on it, as well as to simplify the production, installation and maintenance of the OPU.

Description

The utility model relates to antenna technology, is used in antenna installations of ground-based transceiver communication systems with low-orbit spacecraft and is designed for controlled rotation of the antenna in azimuth, elevation and inclination.

The utility model is used as a turntable (hereinafter referred to as the RO) for installation, precise orientation along three axes and pointing to the specified coordinates of a parabolic reflector of a satellite communication antenna system with a diameter of up to 8 m.

The control unit is a metal structure that allows you to mount an antenna system (hereinafter referred to as the AU) on it and provides, with the help of three rotary mechanisms, the AU to point to the specified coordinates. The use of the third axis (tilt axis) makes it possible to avoid the formation of "dead zones" when pointing the speakers at spacecraft.

The base of the OPU is a column, with the help of which the OPU is fixed on the support platform.

An azimuthal base is mounted on top of the column on two tapered bearings. The bearing perceives vertical and horizontal loads during rotation around the vertical axis (in azimuth). Rotation is provided by an electromechanical drive located on the azimuthal base.

On both sides of the azimuth base there are elevation brackets that can rotate around the horizontal axis (in elevation). Rotation is provided by an electromechanical drive located in the left elevation bracket. To compensate for the weight of the speakers, counterweights are provided at the rear of the brackets.

To mount the speakers, a flange is fixed between the elevation brackets in their front part. The flange also provides rotation of the speakers along the tilt axis with the help of an electromechanical drive located in the right elevation bracket.

Platforms are located on elevation brackets for ease of maintenance of the control unit, access to which is provided by means of a ladder. During operation of the operation, the ladder is stored folded, fixed on the base column.

The closest analogue is "Triaxial slewing device", patent RU 2524838 C2.

The disadvantages of this OPU are:

the complexity of its manufacture;

the use of expensive special gearboxes on the azimuth and elevation axes, manufactured directly for this operating system with the placement of large-diameter gears meshing inside the gearbox housing;

an excessive number of nodes (azimuth flange), which leads to an increase in the mass, dimensions of the OPU and, accordingly, to an elongation of the moment arm between the axis of the antenna reflector and the node of rotation of the OPU along the azimuth axis;

one point of moment transfer along the elevation axis;

the contours of the counterweight and the screw jack of the tilt axis during the rotation of the control unit along the elevation axis pass inside the azimuthal truss and exclude the possibility of optimal laying of cables (including signal and waveguide paths);

there are no service platforms in the design of the operating room.

The objective of the utility model is to create, with the help of an easily implemented technical solution, a simplification of the design of a three-axis OPU for the AU, free from the above disadvantages.

The technical result is an increase in the accuracy of pointing the AU to spacecraft, an increase in the structural strength of the OPU, an increase in the maximum diameter of the AU reflector installed on it, as well as simplification of its production and operation.

The author is not aware of analogues with distinctive features in accordance with the claimed technical solutions.

The utility model meets the requirements of novelty and positive effect, as well as the criterion of "significant differences".

To implement this task, a useful model of a turntable is proposed, which, unlike its counterpart, contains the following technical solutions:

1. Application on the azimuth, elevation and inclination axes of serially produced gearboxes with the possibility of their prompt replacement during the operation of the OPU (carrying out its maintenance) without significant disassembly of the OPU.

2. The use of gears on the azimuth and elevation axes, consisting of drive gears mounted on the output shafts of gearboxes and driven gears that carry the main load during rotation of the OPU.

3. The absence of an azimuthal flange with a bearing assembly of rotation of the OPU in the azimuthal plane (first axis), since this bearing assembly is combined with the design of the azimuthal base.

4. The use of two points of torque transmission on the meshing of gears (gear-gear) instead of one along the axis of rotation in elevation (second axis).

5. The use of two elevation brackets (on the left and right sides of the azimuth base), interconnected by a power flange, with two supports for rotating the antenna bracket along the tilt axis (third axis).

6. Selection of free backlash along the first and second axes due to the use of helical gears in the meshing of gears and additional backlash sampling units with preload.

These differences provide:

simplification of the OPU design with a shorter moment arm between the antenna reflector axis and the OPU rotation unit along the first axis;

uniform distribution of forces arising on the main gear during rotation of the operating unit along the second axis (due to two points of moment transfer);

the possibility of laying a large number of cables (including signal cables and waveguide paths) and due to the significant diameter of the used bearings of rotation of the OPU along the first and second axes, as well as the large volume of the cavity inside the azimuth base of the OPU;

liberation of a large volume inside the azimuth base due to the transfer to its outer sides (left and right) of elevation brackets with counterweights and platforms for servicing the control unit, which simplifies its operation.

Figure 1 shows a three-dimensional model of the general view of the OPU, with a reflector 4 installed on it.

Column 1 serves as the base of the PU, with the help of which the PU is fixed on the support platform.

An azimuthal base 6 is mounted on a double-row support bearing on top of the column. The bearing perceives vertical and horizontal loads when rotating around a vertical axis (in azimuth). Rotation is provided by an electromechanical drive located on the very base.

On both sides of the azimuthal base there are elevation brackets 3 and 7, which have the ability to rotate around the horizontal axis (in elevation). Rotation is provided by an electromechanical drive located in the left elevation bracket. To compensate for the weight of the AC, counterweights 9 are provided in the rear of the brackets.

For fastening the speakers, a flange 5 is used, fixed between the elevation brackets in their front part. The flange also provides rotation of the speakers along the tilt axis with the help of an electromechanical drive located in the right elevation bracket.

Platforms 2 and 8 are located on elevation brackets for ease of maintenance of the launcher, access to which is provided by a ladder. During the operation of the OPU, the ladder is kept fixed on the column 10.

In FIG. Fig. 2 shows a section of the OPU (the reflector is conventionally not shown), which shows the cavities in the base column and the significant diameter of the OPU rotation bearings along the azimuthal and elevation axes, which make it possible to lay power cables for electric drives, signal cables, and also waveguide paths along the optimal trajectory.

In FIG. 3 shows a section of the OPU. Which shows the bearing unit of rotation of the OPU in the azimuthal plane (first axis), combined with the design of the azimuthal base.

In FIG. 4 shows a section of the OPU, which shows the use of a helical gear in the meshing of gears and additional backlash sampling units with preload, ensuring the selection of free backlash along the first and second axes.

The proposed technical result makes it possible to increase the accuracy of pointing the AU to spacecraft, to increase the structural strength of the OPU and the maximum diameter of the AU reflector installed on it, as well as to simplify the production, installation and maintenance of the OPU.

Claims (1)

A three-axis slewing device for stationary satellite communication antenna systems, containing an azimuth rotation mechanism, consisting of a base column with installed helical gear and two conical bearings, with an azimuth base installed in them, with a gearbox mounted on it with an electric motor connected to a helical gear wheel, a gear shaft, a mechanism for turning in elevation, consisting of two helical gears mounted on an azimuthal base, four support bearings grouped in pairs, with left and right elevation brackets installed, with a gearbox mounted on one of them with an electric motor connected to helical gears with a pinion shaft, while in the front part of the elevation brackets there is a flange that rigidly connects them to each other, and counterweights are mounted in the rear part of the elevation brackets, a mechanism for turning along the angle of inclination, consisting of a swivel flange for mounting the ante of this system, fixed between the elevation brackets in their front part on four bearings grouped in pairs, which rotates with the help of an electromechanical actuator, fixed on the elevation bracket on one side, and on the rotary flange on the other, angular position sensors located on absolute axes, service platforms mounted on elevation brackets.

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