CN109268479B - Heliostat tracking transmission device - Google Patents
Heliostat tracking transmission device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109268479B CN109268479B CN201811201467.7A CN201811201467A CN109268479B CN 109268479 B CN109268479 B CN 109268479B CN 201811201467 A CN201811201467 A CN 201811201467A CN 109268479 B CN109268479 B CN 109268479B
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 8
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/12—Arrangements for adjusting or for taking-up backlash not provided for elsewhere
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/039—Gearboxes for accommodating worm gears
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/12—Arrangements for adjusting or for taking-up backlash not provided for elsewhere
- F16H2057/126—Self-adjusting during operation, e.g. by a spring
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gear Transmission (AREA)
Abstract
A heliostat tracking transmission device consists of an azimuth transmission mechanism (100), a pitching transmission mechanism (200), a transmission box body (5) and a transmission box base (6); the pitching transmission mechanism (200) is positioned in the upper box body (6); the azimuth pinion (2-1) is fixedly connected to the pinion shaft (12) and is positioned in the lower box body (8), the azimuth rotary device (16) is positioned in the lower box body (8), the inner ring (10) of the azimuth rotary device (6) is connected with the middle partition plate (7), the azimuth large gear (2-2) serving as the outer ring of the azimuth rotary device (16) is meshed with the azimuth pinion (2-1), and the transmission box base (11) is fixedly connected with the lower part of the azimuth large gear (2-2); the upper shaft diameter (15) of the pinion shaft is positioned in the upper box body (6), the azimuth transmission worm wheel (1-1) is arranged on the shaft diameter (15) of the pinion shaft, and the azimuth worm wheel and worm transmission (1) is positioned in the upper box body (6). The device has compact structure, and is convenient for adjusting and controlling return difference of the azimuth transmission mechanism during assembly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a heliostat tracking transmission device.
Background
The heliostat is a condensing device consisting of a reflecting mirror (surface), a bracket, a tracking transmission device and an on-site control unit, and is a main energy supply device for tower type solar thermal power generation, and the investment of the heliostat accounts for about 50% of the investment of the whole tower type power station. The heliostat tracking actuators are the most important components of heliostats and the most costly components.
The cost of the heliostat tracking transmission device is reduced, so that the heliostat cost can be reduced, and the investment cost of the tower-type solar power station is reduced.
For heliostats with a T-shaped structure, the heliostat tracking transmission device mainly comprises an azimuth transmission mechanism and a pitching transmission mechanism.
The 201310115194.5 patent describes a heliostat azimuth drive consisting of worm gear drive and complex planetary drive and located in a single housing, which in combination with an independent pitch drive forms a heliostat tracking drive which tends to make the entire heliostat tracking drive bulky, heavy, and complex in drive mechanism, which is detrimental to reducing the cost of the tracking drive.
The backlash of the azimuth transmission mechanism and the pitch transmission mechanism of the heliostat tracking transmission device have influence on the pointing error of the heliostat. Because of the gravity action of the heliostat reflecting surface, the pitching transmission is always loaded towards one direction, the influence of the return difference of the pitching transmission mechanism caused by the backlash of the pitching transmission mechanism on the pointing error of the heliostat is far smaller than the influence of the return difference of the azimuth transmission mechanism caused by the backlash of the azimuth transmission mechanism on the pointing error of the heliostat, and the actual operation monitoring of the heliostat proves that the return difference of the pitching transmission mechanism is also used for the control of the actual operation of the heliostat. Therefore, it is more important to control the backlash of the gears of the azimuth drive mechanism with a simple structure while controlling the backlash of the pitch drive mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
The heliostat tracking transmission device is reasonable in layout, simple in structure, small in size and convenient for controlling the backlash for the azimuth transmission mechanism.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a heliostat tracking transmission device consists of an azimuth transmission mechanism, a pitching transmission mechanism, a transmission box body and a transmission box base.
The movement of the azimuth drive mechanism and the pitching drive mechanism are independent.
The azimuth transmission mechanism is formed by serially connecting first-stage transmission-azimuth worm gear transmission and second-stage transmission-azimuth spur gear transmission. The azimuth worm gear transmission consists of an azimuth transmission worm gear and an azimuth transmission worm, and the azimuth spur gear transmission consists of an azimuth pinion and an azimuth bull gear.
The transmission box body is divided into an upper box body and a lower box body by a middle partition board which is horizontally arranged.
The pitching transmission mechanism is positioned in the upper box body of the transmission box body.
The front part of the lower box bottom plate of the transmission box body is provided with a transmission box base mounting hole, the rear part of the lower box bottom plate is provided with a pinion shaft lower bearing hole, and the rear part of the middle partition plate of the transmission box body is provided with a pinion shaft upper bearing hole; the upper bearing hole of the pinion shaft and the lower bearing hole of the pinion shaft are coaxial, the common axis of the upper bearing hole of the pinion shaft and the lower bearing hole of the pinion shaft are perpendicular to the middle partition plate, and the axis of the mounting hole of the base of the transmission box is parallel to the common axis of the upper bearing hole of the pinion shaft and the lower bearing hole of the pinion shaft.
The azimuth pinion in the second-stage transmission of the azimuth transmission mechanism, namely the azimuth spur gear transmission, is positioned in the lower box body and is fixedly connected to the pinion shaft, the pinion shaft is arranged between the lower box body bottom plate and the middle partition plate at the rear part of the lower box body through two bearings, and the two bearings are respectively arranged in the upper bearing hole of the pinion shaft and the lower bearing hole of the pinion shaft.
The azimuth rotating device enters the lower box body through the mounting hole of the base of the transmission box and is positioned at the front part in the lower box body.
Azimuth rotary devices have two structures: 1. the azimuth rotary device consists of an azimuth large gear, an inner ring positioned in the azimuth large gear and a sphere, wherein the azimuth large gear is used as an outer ring, and the sphere is positioned between the inner ring and the large gear. The inner ring is coaxial with the azimuth big gear and can rotate in the azimuth big gear; 2. the azimuth rotary device consists of an azimuth large gear, an inner ring positioned in the azimuth large gear, two bearings and a gland, wherein the azimuth large gear is used as an outer ring, the two bearings are positioned between the inner ring and the azimuth large gear, and the gland is positioned at the lower part of the inner ring. The inner ring is coaxial with the azimuth big gear and can rotate in the azimuth big gear.
In the lower box body of the transmission box body, the inner ring of the azimuth rotary device is connected with the middle baffle plate of the transmission box body through bolts, and the azimuth large gear serving as the outer ring of the azimuth rotary device is meshed with the azimuth small gear; the transmission case base is fixedly connected with the lower part of the azimuth big gear through a transmission case base mounting hole at the lower part of the azimuth rotating device, and is ensured to be coaxial with the azimuth big gear.
The upper shaft diameter of the pinion shaft passes through the middle partition plate and enters the rear part of the upper box body, the azimuth transmission worm wheel is arranged on the upper shaft diameter of the pinion shaft, the azimuth transmission worm meshed with the azimuth transmission worm wheel is also positioned at the rear part of the upper box body, the azimuth transmission worm is positioned between the rear wall of the transmission box body and the vertical plate of the upper box body, one end of the azimuth transmission worm is arranged in the rear hole through two bearings, and the other end of the azimuth transmission worm is arranged in the vertical plate hole of the upper box body through a traveling bearing. In this way, the azimuth worm gear transmission and the pitching transmission mechanism of the azimuth transmission mechanism are positioned in the upper box body.
The azimuth transmission mechanism is positioned in the lower box body in a second-stage transmission-azimuth spur gear transmission manner, and the azimuth transmission mechanism is positioned in the upper box body in a first-stage transmission-azimuth worm gear transmission manner and a pitching transmission mechanism manner, so that the heliostat tracking transmission device is reasonable in layout and compact in structure, and the heliostat transmission box body volume is reduced.
The heliostat tracking transmission device controls return difference of the azimuth transmission mechanism while controlling return difference of the pitching transmission mechanism by adopting the following measures:
1. the backlash of the first stage transmission of the azimuth transmission mechanism, namely the backlash of the azimuth worm gear and worm transmission, is generated, the increment of the backlash of the azimuth transmission mechanism is the backlash of the azimuth worm gear and worm transmission divided by the transmission ratio of the second stage transmission of the azimuth transmission mechanism, namely the transmission ratio of the azimuth spur gear transmission, is generally about 3.5 to 5, and therefore the backlash of the azimuth worm gear and worm transmission has small influence on the backlash of the whole azimuth transmission mechanism. The gear side gap of the azimuth worm gear is ensured by the machining precision of the worm gear and the machining precision of the center distance of the worm gear mounting hole, and the common machining precision can meet the requirement of controlling the gear side gap.
2. The gear backlash of the second-stage transmission-azimuth spur gear transmission of the azimuth transmission mechanism is reduced. When the azimuth spur gear is assembled for transmission, the azimuth rotating device is assembled below the middle baffle plate of the transmission box body to face the azimuth pinion for micro-movement, so that the center distance between the azimuth pinion and the azimuth pinion can be adjusted, the gear backlash between the azimuth pinion and the azimuth pinion is controlled, the gear backlash between the azimuth pinion and the azimuth pinion can be theoretically adjusted to be close to zero gear backlash, and the requirements for controlling the gear backlash can be met by the azimuth pinion and the azimuth pinion with common machining precision.
Because each transmission part of the azimuth transmission mechanism does not require higher machining precision, the first-stage transmission of the azimuth transmission mechanism is common cylindrical worm transmission, the first-stage transmission is simple cylindrical spur gear transmission, the machining is simple, and the manufacturing cost of the heliostat tracking transmission device is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a heliostat tracking drive of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a heliostat tracking drive of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a heliostat tracking drive transmission housing of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a heliostat tracking drive of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is an embodiment of the heliostat tracking actuator of the invention having an azimuth slewing device comprised of an azimuth gearwheel, two bearings and an inner race and gland.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
The heliostat tracking transmission device is composed of an azimuth transmission mechanism 100, a pitching transmission mechanism 200, a transmission box body 5 and a transmission box base 11 as shown in fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the azimuth drive mechanism 100 is formed by connecting a first-stage drive-azimuth worm gear drive 1 and a second-stage drive-azimuth spur gear drive 2 in series; the azimuth worm gear transmission 1 consists of an azimuth transmission worm gear 1-1 and an azimuth transmission worm 1-2, and an azimuth spur gear transmission 2 consists of an azimuth pinion 2-1 and an azimuth bull gear 2-2. The pitch transmission mechanism 200 is composed of a first-stage transmission pitch worm gear transmission 3 and a second-stage transmission pitch spur gear transmission 4.
As shown in fig. 1, the azimuth drive mechanism 100 and the elevation drive mechanism 200 are located in the same drive housing 5, and the motions of the azimuth drive mechanism 100 and the elevation drive mechanism 200 are independent of each other.
As shown in fig. 3, the transmission case 5 is divided into an upper case 6 and a lower case 8 by a horizontal intermediate partition 7.
As shown in fig. 3, a transmission case base mounting hole 17 is provided in the front of a lower case bottom plate 19 of the transmission case 5, and a pinion shaft lower bearing hole 18 is provided in the rear of the lower case bottom plate 19; a pinion shaft upper bearing hole 20 is arranged at the rear part of the middle baffle 7 of the transmission case body 5; the pinion shaft upper bearing hole 20 and the pinion shaft lower bearing hole 18 are coaxial with their common axis 30 perpendicular to the intermediate diaphragm 7, and the axis 40 of the transmission case base mounting hole is parallel to the common axis 30 of the pinion shaft upper bearing hole 20 and the pinion shaft lower bearing hole 18.
As shown in fig. 1, the pitch drive mechanism 200 is located in the upper housing 6 of the drive housing 5.
As shown in fig. 2, in the second stage transmission-azimuth spur gear transmission 2 of the azimuth drive mechanism 100, an azimuth pinion 2-1 is located in a lower case 8, fixedly attached to a pinion shaft 12, and the pinion shaft 12 is mounted between a lower case bottom plate 16 and an intermediate partition 7 at the rear of the lower case 8 through an upper bearing 13 mounted in a pinion shaft upper bearing hole 20 and a lower bearing 14 mounted in a pinion shaft lower bearing hole 18;
the azimuth rotary device 16 enters the lower box body 8 through the transmission box base mounting hole 17 and is positioned at the front part in the lower box body 8.
As shown in fig. 2, the azimuth rotary device 16 is composed of an azimuth large gear 2-2, an inner ring 10 positioned inside the azimuth large gear 2-2, and a ball 9, the azimuth large gear 2-2 serving as an outer ring, and the ball 9 being positioned between the inner ring 10 and the azimuth large gear 2-2. The inner race 10 is coaxial with the azimuth large gear 2-2 and is rotatable within the azimuth large gear 2-2. As shown in fig. 5, the azimuth swing support device 16 may be composed of an azimuth large gear 2-2, an inner ring 10 positioned inside the azimuth large gear 2-2, two bearings 28, and a gland 29, wherein the azimuth large gear 2-2 is used as an outer ring, the two bearings 28 are positioned between the inner ring 10 and the azimuth large gear 2-2, and the gland 29 is positioned at the lower part of the inner ring. The inner race 10 is coaxial with the azimuth large gear 2-2 and is rotatable within the azimuth large gear 2-2.
In the lower case 8, the inner ring 10 of the azimuth rotary device 16 is connected with the middle partition 7 of the transmission case 5 by bolts at the lower part of the middle partition 7, and the meshing of the azimuth large gear 2-2 and the azimuth small gear 2-1 as the outer ring of the azimuth rotary device 16 is ensured. At the lower part of the azimuth rotary device 16, the transmission case base 11 is fixedly connected with the lower part of the azimuth large gear 2-2 through a transmission case base mounting hole 17 and is ensured to be coaxial with the azimuth large gear 2-2.
As shown in fig. 2, the upper shaft diameter 15 of the pinion shaft passes through the middle partition 7 and enters the upper box 6, and the azimuth transmission worm wheel 1-1 is arranged on the upper shaft diameter 15 of the pinion shaft; as shown in fig. 4, the azimuth drive worm 1-2 engaged with the azimuth drive worm wheel 1-1 is also located in the upper casing 6, the azimuth drive worm 1-2 is located in the upper casing 6 between the rear casing wall 27 and the upper casing riser 23, one end of the azimuth drive worm 1-2 is mounted in the rear hole 21 through two bearings 26, and the other end of the azimuth drive worm 1-2 is mounted in the upper casing riser hole 22 through a free bearing 25. Thus, the azimuth worm gear 1 and the pitch gear 200 of the azimuth drive mechanism 100 are located in the upper case 6.
The azimuth driving mechanism 100 is positioned in the lower box body 8 by the second-stage driving-azimuth spur gear driving 2, and the azimuth driving mechanism 100 is positioned in the upper box body 6 by the first-stage driving-azimuth worm gear driving 1 and the pitching driving mechanism 200, so that the heliostat tracking driving device has reasonable layout and compact structure.
In the assembling process of the heliostat tracking transmission device, when the second-stage transmission of the azimuth transmission mechanism 100 is assembled, namely the azimuth spur gear transmission 2, the azimuth rotation device 16 moves slightly towards the azimuth pinion 2-1 along the lower assembling surface 7-1 of the middle partition plate of the transmission box body 5, so that the center distance between the azimuth pinion 2-2 and the azimuth pinion 2-1 can be adjusted, and the tooth side gap between the azimuth pinion 2-1 and the azimuth pinion 2-2 can be adjusted and controlled; the backlash delta of the azimuth drive mechanism 100 caused by the backlash can be controlled within 0.5mrad, which can be theoretically close to 0mrad;
the backlash of the first-stage transmission-azimuth worm gear transmission 1 of the azimuth transmission mechanism 100 is ensured by the machining precision of the worm gear, the machining precision of the center distance of the worm gear installation holes and the like, and the backlash caused by the backlash of the first-stage transmission-azimuth worm gear transmission 1 of the azimuth transmission mechanism 100 can be generally controlled within 1 mrad. The increment of the return difference of the azimuth worm gear 1 to the azimuth drive mechanism 100 is the return difference of the azimuth worm gear 1 divided by the transmission ratio of the azimuth spur gear 2 which is the second stage drive of the azimuth drive mechanism 100, and the transmission ratio of the azimuth spur gear 2 is generally about 3.5 to 5, so the increment of the return difference of the azimuth drive mechanism 100 to the return difference of the azimuth worm gear 1 is about 0.3 mrad.
Therefore, the return difference of the whole azimuth driving mechanism 100 can be controlled within 0.8mrad, and the requirement of heliostat tracking precision can be completely met.
Claims (4)
1. A heliostat tracking transmission device consists of an azimuth transmission mechanism (100), a pitching transmission mechanism (200), a transmission box body (5) and a transmission box base (11); the azimuth transmission mechanism (100) is formed by connecting a first-stage transmission-azimuth worm gear transmission (1) and a second-stage transmission-azimuth spur gear transmission (2) in series; the azimuth transmission mechanism (100) and the pitching transmission mechanism (200) are positioned in the same transmission box body (5); the transmission box body (5) is divided into an upper box body (6) and a lower box body (8) by a middle partition board (7) which is horizontally arranged; the pitching transmission mechanism (200) is positioned in the upper box body (6) of the transmission box body (5); for an azimuth drive mechanism (100), characterized by: in the second-stage transmission of the azimuth transmission mechanism (100), namely the azimuth spur gear transmission (2), an azimuth pinion (2-1) is positioned in a lower box body (8) and fixedly connected to a pinion shaft (12), and the pinion shaft (12) is axially and radially fixed through an upper bearing (13) and a lower bearing (14); the azimuth rotating device (16) is positioned in the lower box body (8), the inner ring (10) of the azimuth rotating device (16) is connected with the middle partition plate (7) at the lower part of the middle partition plate (7), and the azimuth big gear (2-2) serving as the outer ring of the azimuth rotating device (16) is meshed with the azimuth small gear (2-1); the transmission case base (11) is coaxially and fixedly connected with the azimuth big gear (2-2) at the lower part of the azimuth rotary device (16); when the azimuth spur gear transmission (2) is assembled, the azimuth rotating device (16) moves slightly towards the azimuth pinion (2-1) along the lower assembly surface (7-1) of the middle partition plate of the transmission box body (5), so that the center distance between the azimuth pinion (2-1) and the azimuth big gear (2-2) can be controlled, and the gear side gap of the azimuth spur gear transmission (2) can be adjusted;
the pinion shaft diameter (15) passes through the middle partition plate (7) and enters the upper box body (6), the azimuth transmission worm wheel (1-1) is arranged on the pinion shaft diameter (15), and the azimuth transmission worm (1-2) meshed with the azimuth transmission worm wheel (1-1) is positioned in the upper box body (6); the first-stage transmission of the azimuth transmission mechanism (100), namely the azimuth worm gear transmission (1) and the pitching transmission mechanism (200), are positioned in the upper box body (6).
2. The heliostat tracking drive of claim 1, wherein: the azimuth transmission worm (1-2) is positioned between the rear wall (27) of the transmission box body and the vertical plate (23) of the upper box body in the upper box body (6), one end of the azimuth transmission worm (1-2) is arranged in the rear hole (21) through two bearings (26), and the other end of the azimuth transmission worm (1-2) is supported in the vertical plate hole (22) of the upper box body through a travelling bearing (25).
3. The heliostat tracking drive of claim 1, wherein: the azimuth rotary device (16) is composed of an azimuth big gear (2-2) serving as an outer ring, an inner ring (10) positioned inside the azimuth big gear (2-2) and a plurality of spheres (9), wherein the spheres (9) are positioned between the inner ring (10) and the azimuth big gear (2-2); the inner ring (10) is coaxial with the azimuth large gear (2-2) and can rotate in the azimuth large gear (2-2).
4. The heliostat tracking drive of claim 1, wherein: the azimuth rotary device (16) is composed of an azimuth large gear (2-2) serving as an outer ring, an inner ring (10) positioned inside the azimuth large gear (2-2), two bearings (28) and a gland (29); two bearings (28) are positioned between the inner ring (10) and the azimuth big gear (2-2); the gland (29) is positioned at the lower part of the inner ring; the inner ring (10) is coaxial with the azimuth large gear (2-2) and can rotate in the azimuth large gear (2-2).
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CN201811201467.7A CN109268479B (en) | 2018-10-16 | 2018-10-16 | Heliostat tracking transmission device |
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CN201811201467.7A CN109268479B (en) | 2018-10-16 | 2018-10-16 | Heliostat tracking transmission device |
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CN109268479B true CN109268479B (en) | 2024-01-05 |
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