RU2098775C1 - Method metering loose cargoes while loading cars - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: automatic metering of loose cargoes of cars by conveyers. SUBSTANCE: mass of loose material loaded into each car is specified, flow of material coming into loaded car is weighed continuously, signal of finish of loading of each car is formed when value of its loading reaches specified value. Empty train is weighed on railway scales before loading, mass of each empty car, their sequence are stored and value of load for each car is set with allowance for its actual mass. Each car is loaded in accordance with target for each car by readings of conveyer scales, loaded train is weighed in railway scales, correction coefficient of calibration of conveyer scales is determined and changed. EFFECT: improved authenticity of method. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to measuring equipment and can be used in automatic dispensing systems of bulk cargo when loading cars with conveyors.

 There are various methods of weight dosing when loading wagons with various loads.

 For example, a method is known that is implemented in the device [1], which provides for weighing with conveyor weights the material arriving at the load, weighing the transport vessel during its loading, and setting the load value depending on the type of transport unit.

 However, the method is not without drawbacks: relatively complex and not accurate enough due to the inconsistency of the dynamic characteristics of the elements of the technological loading chain.

 The closest in technical essence to the proposed method is the method [2] in which the value of the mass of the material loaded and the next car is set, the flow of bulk cargo is passed through a group of successively located control switching sections, the mass of the material located in the input section at time points with discreteness is measured equal to the time taken by the material of this section, control the passage of the measured masses of the material during their sequential transition from one control section to another oh, determine the moment of switching the flow of bulk cargo in the switching section and direct the flow of bulk material from the next car to the next, while the flow of bulk cargo is passed through the control sections at a speed at which the measured mass of material passes each control section for a time interval equal to its passage the input section, additionally determine the time of switching the flow, the number of control sections from which the material will arrive in the cars during the switching of the flow, the moment of switching The flow rate of bulk cargo from the next wagon to the next is determined from the condition that the sum of the mass of cargo entering the next wagon from the switching section is equal to the mass of the cargo that will arrive in the next wagon from the control sections during the flow switching time, the given mass value, while the mass of the cargo , which will be delivered to the next and subsequent cars during the switching of the flow, is determined taking into account the characteristics of the separation of the flow in the switching section and the value of the masses of cargo distributed in the controlled sections, with which material will enter the wagons during the switching time.

However, this method is not without significant drawbacks:
the method is difficult to implement, which, in turn, leads to its low operational reliability;
dosing accuracy substantially depends on the accuracy of the conveyor scales, which, in turn, depends on a number of external factors (monotonous change in ambient temperature, change in the physicomechanical characteristics of the material being loaded, change in the operating modes of the loading conveyor, etc.).

 The aim of the invention is to simplify and improve the accuracy of dispensing bulk cargo when loading cars.

и изменяют калибровочный коэффициент конвейерных весов в соответствии с формулой

,
где Q_кв масс "нетто" груженого состава по показаниям конвейерных весов;
Q_жв масса "нетто" груженого состава по показаниям железнодорожных весов;
K_k калибровочный коэффициент конвейерных весов, при котором определялась загрузка состава;
K $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{′}}{\text{k}}$ измененный калибровочный коэффициент конвейерных весов после взвешивания груженого состава на железнодорожных весах.This goal is achieved by the fact that before loading wagons, empty the train is weighed on a railway scale, remember the mass of each empty wagon, their sequence, set the load value for each wagon taking into account its actual mass, load each wagon in accordance with the task, guided by the readings of the conveyor scales, the loaded train is weighed on a railway balance, the correction coefficient for the calibration of the conveyor balance is determined by the formula

and change the calibration coefficient of the conveyor scales in accordance with the formula

,
where Q _square masses of the "net" loaded composition according to the testimony of conveyor scales;
Q _live weight of the "net" loaded composition according to the testimony of a railway balance;
K _{k the} calibration coefficient of the conveyor scales, which determined the loading of the composition;
K $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{′}}{\text{k}}$ the modified calibration coefficient of the conveyor scales after weighing the loaded composition on a railway scale.

и последующее изменение калибровочного коэффициента конвейерных весов в соответствии с формулой

обеспечивают упрощение и повышение точности дозирования сыпучих грузов при загрузке вагонов.The set of operations, including weighing the empty composition of wagons on a railway scale before loading, storing the mass of each empty wagon, their sequence, setting load values for each wagon based on its actual weight, loading each wagon in accordance with the task according to the readings of the conveyor scales, weighing the loaded composition on a railway scale, determination of a correction coefficient for the calibration of conveyor scales according to the formula

and the subsequent change in the calibration coefficient of the conveyor scales in accordance with the formula

provide simplification and increase the accuracy of dispensing bulk goods when loading cars.

 It should be noted that for rolling stock it is important to ensure loading so that the gross weight of the car does not exceed the permissible axle loads. In the proposed method, the noted condition is provided by preliminary weighing the empty composition and the corresponding setting of the net load.

 The drawing shows the location of the weighing equipment at the point of loading and dosing of bulk material in railway cars.

 Track development 1 ensures that the empty train 2 enters the loading point (hopper 3, loading conveyor 4 with scales 5) through the railway scales 6 and the repeated passage of the loaded train through the railway scales 6.

,
где Q_кв масса "нетто" груженого состава по показаниям конвейерных весов;
Q_жв масса "нетто" груженого состава по показаниям железнодорожных весов;
изменяют калибровочный коэффициент конвейерный весов в соответствии с выражением

,
где K_k калибровочный коэффициент конвейерных весов, при котором определялась загрузка состава;
K $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{′}}{\text{k}}$ измененный калибровочный коэффициент конвейерных весов после взвешивания груженого состава на железнодорожных весах.The proposed method includes the following operations:
empty the train on a railway balance and set the net load of each transport unit;
supply the empty train to the loading point and load each transport unit in accordance with the task according to the readings of the conveyor scales;
after loading, the composition is reweighed on a railway balance and the net weight of each transport unit is determined;
determine the correction coefficient for the calibration of conveyor scales according to the formula

,
where Q _{square is the} mass of the "net" loaded composition according to the testimony of conveyor scales;
Q _live weight of the "net" loaded composition according to the testimony of a railway balance;
change the calibration coefficient of the conveyor scales in accordance with the expression

,
where K _{k is the} calibration coefficient of the conveyor scales, at which the loading of the composition was determined;
K $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{′}}{\text{k}}$ the modified calibration coefficient of the conveyor scales after weighing the loaded composition on a railway scale.

 Thus, after the next loading of the train, a new value of the calibration coefficient of the conveyor scales is determined and thereby the accuracy of the weight dosing of transport units is improved, while the technical implementation of the weight dosing process is greatly simplified.

 Technical and economic efficiency of the proposed method is determined by a number of factors.

 Firstly, during the operation of the loading system, the verification of conveyor scales by means of control weighings is practically excluded, which increases the throughput of the loading system and reduces operating costs associated with calibration operations.

 Secondly, an increase in the accuracy of the weight dosing of transport units increases the efficiency of rail use.

 Thirdly, the operational reliability of the loading point is significantly increased: when the conveyor or railway scales fail, the system continues to function with a slight decrease in technical indicators.

Claims (1)

A method of dispensing bulk cargo when loading cars, including setting the mass of material loaded into each car, continuous weighing on a conveyor scale of the flow of material entering the loaded car, and generating a signal to finish loading each car upon reaching a predetermined load, characterized in that before by loading wagons, the empty train is weighed on a railroad balance, the mass of each empty wagon is stored, their sequence, load values are set for each wagon taking into account of its actual mass, each wagon is loaded in accordance with the task, guided by the readings of the conveyor scales, the loaded train is weighed on the railway scales, the correction coefficient for the calibration of the conveyor scales is determined by the formula

and change the calibration coefficient of the conveyor scales in accordance with the formula

where Q _{to the} mass of the "net" loaded composition according to the testimony of conveyor scales;
Q _{w to the} mass of the "net" loaded composition according to the testimony of railway scales;
K _{to the} calibration coefficient of the conveyor scales, which determined the loading of the composition;
q correction factor calibration conveyor scales;
K $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{′}}{\text{to}}$ - a modified calibration coefficient of the conveyor scales after weighing the loaded composition on a railway scale.