RU209799U1 - CATALYST FOR CLEANING EXHAUST GAS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for cleaning exhaust gases from toxic substances of internal combustion engines, namely, catalysts for cleaning exhaust gases with heat-conducting carriers used to clean exhaust gases from toxic substances, for example, exhaust gases of internal combustion engines of vehicles, as well as stationary power plants equipped with internal combustion engines and can be used in the manufacture of elements of catalytic cleaners. In a catalyst for cleaning exhaust gases, consisting of a housing with pipes for inlet and outlet of exhaust gases, inside which a metal catalyst carrier made of porous material is placed, a new is that the latter is used as an open porous metal rubber material made of silver-plated copper wire. The technical result achieved by the utility model is to increase the mechanical strength of the catalyst carrier and improvement of operational properties. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for cleaning exhaust gases from toxic substances of internal combustion engines, namely, catalysts for cleaning exhaust gases with heat-conducting carriers used to clean exhaust gases from toxic substances, for example, exhaust gases of internal combustion engines of vehicles, as well as stationary power plants equipped with internal combustion engines and can be used in the manufacture of elements of catalytic cleaners.

Known catalyst for purification of exhaust gases [utility model patent RU 11459U1, "Catalyst for purification of exhaust gases of engines", IPC B0U21/00 (2006.01), publ. 2011.12.20], consisting of a body and active elements. The disadvantage of the known media is the complexity of its manufacture, as well as its lack of resistance to mechanical damage and vibration.

Known catalyst for purification of exhaust gases, the metal carrier of which is made of metal rubber material [Khabarova D.S. "Nickel-platinum catalyst on a metal-rubber support", conference MNS K - 2017: Chemistry, Novosibirsk. 2017], which is a homogeneous elastically porous mass obtained by cold pressing a metal wire spiral laid, stretched and dosed by weight in a certain way. Nichrome wire was used to make the MP.

The disadvantage of the known catalyst is the technology used for the manufacture of metal rubber material and the material of the wire used, because. during cold pressing, the required thermal contact between the wires is not ensured, which worsens the thermophysical properties of the resulting material and fails to achieve the required strength of the material. The use of nichrome further reduces the thermophysical characteristics of the catalyst, worsening the operational properties of the device.

Closest to the claimed utility model is a catalyst for cleaning exhaust gases [patent RU 2107171C1, "Exhaust gas purifier". IPC F01N 3/10 (1995.01), priority 1994.07.25], consisting of a housing with nozzles for inlet and outlet of exhaust gases, with a metal catalyst carrier placed inside, made of a porous material.

The disadvantages of the known catalyst carrier include the high cost of the porous non-ferrous metals used, associated with the difficulty of obtaining and their low mechanical strength, which reduces the life of the catalytic device as a whole. The small surface area due to straight channels, predominantly small diameter and random arrangement of through pores in the porous metal, degrades the performance properties of the catalytic device, requiring the production of a large element, thereby increasing its hydraulic resistance.

The technical problem to be solved by the claimed utility model is the creation of a catalyst for exhaust gas purification, which has significant mechanical strength and high performance properties.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the mechanical strength of the catalyst for purification of exhaust gases and improve performance properties.

This technical result is achieved in that the catalyst for purification of exhaust gases, consisting of a housing with nozzles for the inlet and outlet of exhaust gases, inside which is placed a metal catalyst carrier made of a porous material. According to the utility model, an open-porous metal rubber material is used as a porous material, obtained by pressing wire spirals from silver-plated copper wire when heated to form junctions at the points of contact between the wires.

Metal rubber is obtained by pressing randomly arranged wire spirals of silver-plated copper wire in metal molds to the required shape and size, then the preform formed by pressing is heated in a protective environment to a temperature of 800-840 ° C with holding at this temperature until junctions form at the points of contact wires between each other.

Metal rubber produced by this method makes it possible to obtain a rigid, durable porous part from the wire with tight structural and thermal contact between the turns of the pressed helix, which increases the thermal and strength characteristics of the material.

Thus, the claimed utility model ensures the achievement of the claimed technical result.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings.

On FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of an exhaust gas purification catalyst, where

1 - Catalyst housing;

2 - Metal catalyst carrier;

3 - Inlet pipe of exhaust gases;

4 - Exhaust outlet pipe.

The catalyst consists of a housing 1, inside which is placed a metal carrier of the catalyst 2, which is made of metal rubber, inlet 3 and outlet 4 exhaust pipes.

Stainless steel grade 12X18H10T is made of the catalyst body 1. According to [RU No. 2663389, publ. 08/03/2018] from copper silver-plated wire with a diameter of 0.5 mm, a metal carrier of catalyst 2 is made from metal rubber with a porosity of 0.85. The catalytic coating on the proposed carrier is applied by the method of plasma-electrolytic oxidation, followed by impregnation of the resulting oxide layer, carried out by simple dipping into a solution of the appropriate composition, drying and annealing. Next, the carrier 2 is connected by soldering to the catalyst housing 1.

The catalyst works as follows.

Exhaust gases with a temperature of 100-800°C enter through the inlet pipe 3 into the catalyst housing 1, where they pass through the metal carrier of the catalyst 2. At the same time, the metal carrier of the catalyst 2 is heated to the same temperature, which ensures the occurrence of redox processes on their surface in exhaust gases, leading to their purification from toxic components. The completeness of the purification of exhaust gases is provided by the surface area of the metal carrier of the catalyst, its temperature and the proper choice of the time of contact between it and the exhaust gases. Through the outlet pipe 4, purified exhaust gases enter the surrounding atmosphere.

Thus, the utility model allows solving the technical problem of creating a metal catalyst support with significant mechanical strength and high performance properties.

Claims (1)

Catalyst for purification of exhaust gases, consisting of a housing with nozzles for the inlet and outlet of exhaust gases, inside which is placed a metal catalyst carrier made of a porous material, characterized in that the latter is used as an open porous metal rubber material obtained by pressing wire spirals from silver-plated copper wire when heated to the formation of junctions at the points of contact between the wires.

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