RU2096732C1 - Bullet for shooting from plain-barrel gun - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ammunition, cartridges of plain-barrel guns with bullets. SUBSTANCE: bullet for shooting from plain-barrel gun is composed of steel rod which includes head, medium and tail parts. Tail and head parts are made cylindrical-conical and medium part-cylindrical. Annular groove into which lead belt is pressed is made in cylindrical surface of head part of bullet. Tail part is provided with composite wad which elements are interjoined and joined fixedly to end face surface of cone. Section of head part of rod having diameter d₁ and length L₁ is called aerodynamic needle and sharpened section of tail part having diameter d₂ and length L₂ is called fitting needle. EFFECT: facilitated manufacture, increased functional accuracy. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to a charging technique, namely to cartridges for smoothbore guns with a bullet.

 The inventive bullet is intended for firing at a distance of up to 150 m from smoothbore guns with the aim of defeating large animals. At the same time, guns can have any diameters of choke constrictions.

 The Brenneke bullet is known (see J. Hunting and Hunting, N 2, 1968, pp. 30-33), which is a typical bullet of arrow-turbine action, consisting of a body (body), a felt stabilizer tail fixed to the path body with a screw. On the body of the bullet there are inclined ribs and a leading belt. The Brenneke bullet has a heavy head and a light tail. The tail section is made from a set of wads. The body of the bullet (body) is made of lead. The Brenneke bullet is characterized by good combat quality, since due to some rotation around the longitudinal axis, the asymmetry of the bullet is less affected.

 The disadvantage of this bullet design is the limited firing range (80-90 m), increased aerodynamic drag, not enough heavy weight, and therefore the lack of kinetic energy.

 The closest analogue to the claimed technical solution is the Blondo bullet (see. Hunting and hunting economy, N 3, 1986). It is made of steel or copper on a lathe and in a structural form resembles a spool of thread, that is, it is made in the form of a cylinder-conical rod with different diameters in length. It has a central and head parts in the form of a cylinder and a tail in the form of a cone with a cylinder.

 On cylindrical surfaces, circular grooves are made with lead belts pressed into them. The stabilization of a bullet in flight is due to the aerodynamic effect created by a stream of air flowing around the bullet head that enters the conical surface of the bullet tail.

 The disadvantage of the Blondo bullet is the limited firing range (not more than 100 meters), due to somersaults in the air at low speeds, increased aerodynamic drag, which leads to the short-term preservation of the high kinetic energy needed to defeat large animals. In addition, the presence of two lead belts increases the friction of the bullet against the walls of the barrel of the gun during firing and reduces flight speed.

 The technical problem to which the invention is directed is to increase the firing range of a bullet, reduce its aerodynamic drag, increase kinetic energy.

 To solve this problem, in a pool containing a steel rod of a cylindrical-conical shape with a middle, tail cylindrical, equipped with a wad and a head part with the last cylindrical lead belt pressed into the annular groove located on the same axis with the body, the head part is also cylindrical an aerodynamic needle with a length L (0.8-1.2) of a given diameter D, diameter d (0.3-0.4) D, and a tail needle with a nozzle needle with a diameter d (0.2-0.3) D, length L (0.7-0.8) D with a pointed outer end, with the tail wad at Full of the constituent elements connected to each other and an end surface of the housing is fixedly.

 The essence of the solution lies in the fact that the proposed design of the bullet, namely, a thin cylindrical-conical rod in the warhead, allows to reduce aerodynamic drag, and therefore, increase the range of the bullet when moving at supersonic and transonic speeds. The presence of one pressed-in belt on the head part, firstly, centers the bullet along the barrel, and secondly, reduces the friction of the bullet against the barrel channel wall during firing, which gives it a high speed.

 The tail of the bullet helps stabilize its flight in the air. Stabilization occurs, firstly, due to the aerodynamic shock effect created by the flow of air falling on the metal part of the shank, and secondly, due to the forward displacement of the center of gravity of the bullet.

 The presence of a shank increases the weight of the bullet compared to the known one by 6%, which contributes to an increase in the lateral load and kinetic energy of the bullet.

 In Fig.1 shows a bullet in the form of a cylindrical-conical rod without wad and pressed belt; in Fig.2 a bullet with a wad dressed on a rod and a belt pressed into an annular groove.

The bullet contains a cylinder-conical rod with a middle cylindrical part 1 (Fig. 1) of diameter d, a tail cylinder-conical part 2 of length L ₂ with a pointed end 3, and a head cylinder-conical part 4 of length L ₁ . In the head part of the bullet in its cylindrical section with a diameter D, a groove 5 is made, into which the belt 6 is pressed (figure 2). The tail of the bullet is equipped with a composite wad 7. The aerodynamic needle is indicated at 8 (Fig. 1), and the nozzle needle at 9. The composite wad may be made of cardboard and felt elements, or may be in the form of a plastic seal.

In FIG. 1, the length L ₁ (0.8-0.2) D is the length of the aerodynamic needle of the cylinder-conical head part 4. The length L ₂ (0.7-0.5) D is the length of the nozzle needle of the tail part of the cylinder-conical part as well.

Further:
L ₁₀ 0,1L ₁ section of the cylinder of the head of the bullet,
L ₉ = 0.23 L ₁ groove length,
L ₈ = 0.2L _{1 the} length of the final cylindrical section of the bullet head,
L ₇ 0,3L _{1 the} length of the conical section of the head of the bullet,
L ₁₁ 0.6L _{1 the} length of the middle cylindrical section of the bullet,
L ₄ 0,4L _{1 the} length of the conical section of the tail of the bullet,
L ₅ 0,07 L _{1 the} length of the large cylinder of the tail of the bullet,
d ₁ (0.3-0.04) D diameter of the aerodynamic needle,
d ₂ (0.2-0.3) D the diameter of the nozzle needle.

 A bullet can be machined on a lathe, or it can be cast.

 When assembled, the bullet passed the appropriate tests by firing from a smoothbore gun.

As the target hit, wooden planks were used. The inventive bullet pierced from a distance of 50 m board, a thickness of 117 mm, and from a distance of 100 m
board, 90 mm thick. These parameters are known bullet 86 mm and 52 mm, respectively.

 The weight of the claimed bullet 35 g, known 33 g

 The speed of the claimed bullet 318-389 m / s, known 275-366 m / s.

 The firing range of the claimed bullet 150 m, known 100 m

 The kinetic energy of the claimed bullet at a distance of 50 m is 284 kgf • m. at a distance of 100 m 190 kgf • m.

 These characteristics have the famous Blondo bullet 240 kgf • m. and 129 kgf • m. respectively.

 Thus, the tests showed the advantages of the claimed bullet in comparison with the known.

 Example 1

For a given diameter D 16.6 mm, which is determined by the type of smoothbore gun, the structural dimensions of the bullet are as follows:
L ₁ = 0.8 D 13.28 mm; L ₂ 0.7D 11.62 mm; L ₁₀ 0.1 L 1.32 mm; L ₉ 0.23 L ₁ 3.05 mm; L ₈ 0.2 L ₁ 2.65 mm; L ₇ 0.3L ₁ 3.98 mm; L ₁₁ 0.6 L ₁ 7.96 mm; L ₄ 0.4 L ₁ 5.31 mm; L ₅ 0.07 L ₁ 0.92 mm.

Thus:
L ₃ 25.22 mm; L ₆ 0.4 L ₂ 0.4 • 12 4.8 mm; d ₁ 0.3D 4.98 mm; d ₂ 0.2D 3.32 mm; d 0.6D 9.96 mm;
LL ₁ + L ₂ + L ₃ 50.12 mm.

 Example 2

D 16.6 mm; L ₁ 1.2 D 19.92 mm; L ₂ 0.8 D 13.28 mm; L ₁₀ 0.1L ₁ 2 mm; L ₉ 0.23 L ₁ 4.58 mm; L ₈ 0.2L ₁ 4 mm; L ₇ 0.3L ₁ 6 mm; L ₁₁ 0.6L ₁ 12 mm; L ₄ 0.4L ₁ 8 mm; L ₃ 0.07 L ₁ 1.39 mm;
L ₃ 37.97 mm; L 71.17 mm; L ₆ 0.4L ₂ 5.2 mm; d ₁ 0.4D 6.64 mm; d ₂ 0.3D 4.98 mm; d = 0.6D 9.96 mm.

 Example 3

D 16.6 mm; L ₁ 1D 16.6 mm; d ₂ 0.35D 5.81 mm; L ₂ 0.75 D 12.45 mm; d ₂ 0.23D 4.15 mm; L ₁₀ 0.1 L ₁ 1.66 mm; L ₉ 0.23 L ₁ 3.81 mm; L ₈ 0.2 L ₁ 3.32 mm; L ₇ 0.6L ₁ 4.98 mm; L ₁₁ 0.6 L ₁ 9.96 mm; L ₅ 0.07 L ₁ 1.16 mm; L ₄ 0.4L ₁ 6.64 mm; L ₃ 31.53 mm; L 60.58 mm.

 Compared with the known claimed design of the bullet has the following advantages.

 1. The presence of relatively small rod diameters in the middle, head and tail parts gives the bullet the most favorable aerodynamic shape, which allows to increase the firing range by 1.5 times.

 2. Due to the low aerodynamic drag, the proposed bullet for a longer time retains the high kinetic energy needed to defeat large animals. It is applicable for firing at distances of up to 150 m, while the ultimate distance for firing a Blondo bullet is 80-90 m.

 3. The shank of the bullet increases its weight by 6%, which contributes to an increase in the lateral load and kinetic energy of the bullet at the same flight speeds.

 4. The presence of one lead belt reduces the friction of the bullet on the barrel of the weapon during firing, increases its speed and reduces the lead of the barrel.

 A bullet can be made for any caliber gun, while reducing the caliber aerodynamic performance improves.

Claims (1)

A shotgun bullet containing a cylindrical-steel steel rod with a middle cylindrical, cylindrical-tail tail, equipped with a wad, and a head part with the last lead belt pressed into the cylindrical groove of the cylindrical surface, characterized in that the head part of the rod is also cylindrical with an aerodynamic needle in length L ₁ (0.8 1.2) of a given diameter D, diameter d ₁ (0.3 0.4) • D, and tail with a nozzle with a diameter d ₂ (0.2 0.3) • D, length L ₂ (0.7 0.8) • D with pointed plank nym end, the wad tail part made of composite elements, held together and the end portion of the cone fixedly.

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