RU2096714C1 - Ejector-type cooling tower - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: thermal power stations and various industrial plants using circulating water supply systems. SUBSTANCE: cooling tower has rectangular case with vertically mounted ejector chamber accommodating header placed along longitudinal axis of its inlet section with cooling air spraying and sucking injectors set in single row, swivel chamber for pre-separation of cooling water from air which accommodates water accumulator-distributor, outlet air chamber with inertia separator installed in its window and used to separate cool water droplets from outlet air, and cool water accumulating tank installed in the bottom part of case. Injectors are mounted in top part of ejector chamber and are facing downward; ejector and outlet chambers have straight walls; they are adjacent and formed by side walls of case and its longitudinal internal vertical partition at specified proportions; swivel chamber is located in bottom part of case; window of outlet air chamber is made in top part of its external wall; cooling tower is provided with tank water level regulator; water accumulator-distributor is placed on bottom end of partition, on ejector chamber side; additional water accumulator-distributor is provided n inner surface of outlet chamber wall below separator; width of each water accumulator-distributor makes up 3/30 to 1/20 of respective chamber width; each of them has solid bottom; external side on open-space end of respective chamber, and at least one water outlet whose bottom edge is positioned at elevation not over low level of tank water. EFFECT: improved design. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to contact heat exchangers, in particular to ejector cooling towers, and can be used in thermal power plants and other industrial facilities in water recycling systems.

 Known is taken as a prototype ejector tower containing a rectangular casing with a vertically located ejection chamber, along the longitudinal axis of the inlet section of which there is a collector with nozzles uniformly linearly spaced in a row for spraying cooled water and drawing in cooling air, a rotary chamber for preliminary separation of chilled water from air with a water collector-distributor installed in it, an output air chamber, in the window of which an inertial sep is installed ator for separating cooled water droplets from the exhaust air and mounted on the bottom reservoir to collect cooled water. In the known known cooling tower, the ejection chamber is located symmetrically inside the casing relative to its side walls and has a longitudinal profile of the venturi nozzle, the nozzles are placed in the lower part of the chamber and directed upwards, and the collector-distributor occupies the entire cross section of the casing in the space between its walls and the ejector chamber . With this design of the cooling tower, the ejection effect is reduced due to the direction of gravity of the Earth's gravitational field opposite to the motion of the jets, as well as due to the significant hydraulic resistance created by the water flow from the jet distributor flowing from the water collector in the path of the air pumped by the ejector. In addition, as shown by experimental studies, the profile of the Venturi nozzle, significantly complicating the design of the channel, is not optimal from the point of view of creating an ejection effect.

The achieved result of the invention is to simplify the design of the tower and increase the efficiency of its work. This is ensured by the fact that in an ejector cooling tower containing a rectangular casing with a vertically located ejection chamber, along the longitudinal axis of the inlet section of which there is a collector with nozzles uniformly linearly spaced in a row for spraying cooled water and sucking in cooling air, a rotary chamber for preliminary separation of chilled water from air with a water collector-distributor installed in it, an outlet air chamber, in the window of which an inertial separator for the nozzles are installed in the upper part of the ejection chamber and face down, the ejection and outlet chambers have straight walls, an adjacent arrangement and are formed by the side walls of the casing and the vertical longitudinal inside it partition at the ratios: F _EJ (2400 4000) • Σf B _O B ≥ B _{ezh ezh} ≅ H ≅ B _O where F _ezh - the cross-sectional area of the ejection chamber, Σf total sectional area of the output fo diagram, B _{ej the} width of the ejection chamber, B _{o the} width of the outlet chamber, H the distance from the lower edge of the partition to the specified maximum water level in the tank, the rotary chamber is located in the lower part of the housing, the outlet air chamber window is located in the upper part of its outer wall, cooling tower equipped with a water level regulator in the tank, the water collector-distributor is located on the lower end of the partition from the side of the ejection chamber, and on the inner surface of the wall of the outlet chamber below the separator, an additional a separate catchment-distributor, the width of each of the catchment-distributors being 1/30 1/20 of the width of the respective chamber, each of them has a continuous bottom, a side board from the side of the open space of the corresponding chamber and at least one drainage system, the lower edge of which is located on a mark no higher than the specified lower water level in the tank.

 The drawing shows the proposed cooling tower in axonometric projection.

The cooling tower contains a rectangular housing 1 with a vertically located ejection chamber, along the longitudinal axis of the inlet section of which there is a collector 2 with nozzles 3 uniformly linearly arranged in a row for spraying cooled water and drawing in cooling air, a pivoting chamber for preliminary separation of cooled water from air with it installed a water collector-distributor 4, an output air chamber, in the window of which a louvre separator 5 is installed to separate drops of chilled water from the produced air and installed in the lower part of the housing tank 6 for collecting chilled water. In this case, the nozzles 3 are installed in the upper part of the ejection chamber and face down, the ejection and outlet chambers have straight walls, an adjacent arrangement and are formed by the side walls 7 of the casing and the longitudinal vertical partition 8 located inside it with the ratios: F _ej (2400 4000) Σf, B _O ≥ B _ezh, B _ezh ≅ H ≅ B _O where F _ezh cross sectional area of the ejection chamber, Σf total area of the outlet section of the nozzles, B _ezh width of the ejection chamber, B _O width of the discharge chamber, H the distance from the lower edge of the partition to a predetermined m the maximum mark of the water level in the tank, the rotary chamber is located in the lower part of the housing, the outlet air chamber window is located in the upper part of its lateral (external) wall 7, the cooling tower is equipped with a water level regulator 9 in the tank 6, the collector-distributor 4 is located at the lower end of the partition 8 from the side of the ejection chamber, and on the inner surface of the wall 7 of the outlet chamber below the separator 5, an additional collector-distributor 10 is installed, the width of each collector-distributors 4 and 10 being t 1/30 1/20 of the width of the respective chamber, each of them has a continuous bottom, a side board from the side of the open space of the corresponding chamber and at least one drain 11 or 12, the lower edge of which is located at a mark no higher than the specified lower water level in the tank 6. To supply cooled water to the collector 2 and to drain the water cooled in the cooling tower from the tank 6, nozzles 13 and 14 are provided, the last of which is equipped with a mechanical filter 15. In the upper part of the outer wall of the ejection chamber, CCW with the rotary guiding device 16 for the passage in the ejection chamber air inleakage.

The operation of the tower is as follows. Water entering the nozzles through the inlet pipe 13 and the collector 2 is sprayed in the form of torches directed vertically down into the rectangular slit of the ejection chamber, which acts as the flow part of the jet apparatus (mixing chamber and diffuser), which ensures the ejection of the air flow necessary for cooling the water. As the results of experimental studies have shown, the maximum ejection effect is achieved with a constant cross-section along the length of the ejection chamber and with the ratios noted above between the area of the last and total area of the output section of the nozzles, as well as between the width B of the _e and B _output ejection and output chambers and the distance H from the lower edge of the partition 8 to the specified maximum water level mark in the tank 6. At the same time in the apparatus there is an increase in pressure of ejected air, sufficient e them to overcome the hydraulic resistance of the exhaust duct, which has two major local resistance: rotation through 180 ^o in the transition from the ejection chamber and an outlet and the separator-eliminator 5. In the process of fine droplets contact flared nozzles with the flow of air ejected from the atmosphere occurs therebetween intensive heat transfer, accompanied by partial evaporation of water and its cooling to a temperature determined by the inlet air temperature and the partial pressure of water vapor in the air at the inlet of the ezh ktsionnuyu chamber. When turning in the lower part of the apparatus from the airborne droplet, the main separation of droplet moisture occurs. Water accumulates in the chilled water collector and through the pipe 14 and filter 15 is supplied to an external heat exchanger (not shown) as a cooling agent. Some of the droplet moisture is carried away by the upward flow after its rotation through 180 ^o C and an additional rotation by 90 ^o to the louvre separator 5, in which it is finally separated from the stream. The presence of water collectors-distributors 4 and 10 with drains, which can be made in the form of gutters 11 installed at the ends of the collection or a limited number of drain pipes 12, eliminates the intersection of the air-drop flow with separated moisture flows flowing down the partition 8 and along the outer wall 7 of the outlet chamber , which reduces the hydraulic resistance of the apparatus.

Claims (1)

An ejector tower comprising a rectangular casing with a vertically located ejection chamber, along the longitudinal axis of the inlet section of which there is a collector with nozzles uniformly linearly spaced in a row for spraying cooled water and drawing in cooling air, a rotary chamber for preliminary separation of chilled water from air with it installed a water collector-distributor, an outlet air chamber, in the window of which an inertial separator is installed for separating drops of chilled water from the exhaust air and a chilled water collecting tank installed in the lower part of the casing, characterized in that the nozzles are installed in the upper part of the ejection chamber and face down, the ejection and outlet chambers have straight walls, an adjacent arrangement and are formed by side machines of the casing and located inside it longitudinal vertical partition at ratios
_Ezh F = (2400 - 4000) • Σf, B _in ≥ B _{s x x e,} B _{e x} ≅ H ≅ B _{u t,}
where F _{e W} the cross-sectional area of the ejection chamber;
Σf is the total area of the output section of the nozzles;
B _{e W the} width of the ejection chamber;
B _{u t} width of the discharge chamber;
H is the distance from the lower edge of the partition at a given maximum water level in the tank,
the rotary chamber is located in the lower part of the casing, the outlet air chamber window is located in the upper part of its outer wall, the cooling tower is equipped with a water level regulator in the tank, the water collector-distributor is located on the lower end of the partition from the side of the ejection chamber, and on the inner surface of the wall of the outlet chamber is below the separator an additional water collector-distributor is installed, and the width of each of the water collector-distributors is 1/30 1/20 of the width of the corresponding chamber, each of them has a continuous e bottom board side from the open space of the respective chamber and at least one drainage, the bottom edge of which is located at the level not higher than a predetermined low water level in the tank.