RU2095700C1 - Self-controllable electric heater - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating systems and hot water supply system for living and industrial buildings. SUBSTANCE: electric heater includes hermetic housing 1 with inlet branch pipe 2 and outlet branch pipe 3, electrodes 7, damper 9, wall 4 with cover 5 forming chamber 6 inside housing where electrodes 7 are arranged and passage 8 together with housing 1 which is used to connect branch pipes, thus ensuring self-control of power by temperature of liquid being preheated without special electromechanical regulators. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to devices used for autonomous heating and hot water supply of residential, country, office and industrial premises.

 Known electrode heaters, the power regulation of which is usually carried out by electronic-electromechanical, mechanical, etc. devices.

 Their common disadvantages are: increased design complexity, low manufacturability and maintainability, increased dimensions, difficulty in installation, adjustment, the need for metrological support of some elements (usually sensors), reduced reliability due to the complexity of the device and the presence of moving parts.

Closest to the claimed is an electric heater Bubnova L.A. and others. SU a.s. using a simple and effective method of regulation, which consists in automatically changing the area of immersion of the electrodes in a conductive liquid depending on the vapor pressure in the heating chamber [1]
However, the heater Bubnova L.A. has a complex structure due to the use of an intermediate coolant.

 The basis of the invention is the task of creating a simple device and high-tech electric heater with stepless self-regulation of power according to the temperature of the heated conductive fluid.

 The problem is solved due to the fact that between the wall with the lid forming the heating chamber and the housing, a channel is formed for passing the heated liquid (water) directly used in the hot water supply system or as a coolant in the room heating system.

 The drawing shows a sectional electric heater.

 The electric heater contains a housing 1 with inlet and outlet 3 nozzles, inside which a wall 4 with a cover 5 is mounted, forming a heating chamber 6 in which electrodes 7 are placed. A channel 8 is formed between the housing 1, the wall 4 from the bottom and the side 5 and the cover 5 from the top. In the output the nozzle 3 has a shutter 9.

 The electric heater operates as follows.

 When applying power to the electrodes 7, the water in the heater heats up, moves up the channel 8 and pipe 3 into the heating system, which contains an expansion tank and heating devices, in which, having given up part of the heat, it returns through the pipe 2 to the heater. When the boiling point is reached, water releases steam into the heating chamber 6, which displaces water from it downward, reducing the area of immersion of the electrodes 7 in water, which reduces the current consumption and power consumption. The coolant continues to flow through channel 8, but to a lesser extent heats up in chamber 6. Subsequently, a decrease in water temperature leads to increased condensation of steam in chamber 6, a decrease in its volume and filling chamber 6 with water, which leads to an increase in heater power. In the steady state mode of heat consumption, the water level in the chamber 6 will be established at a mark corresponding to the equilibrium of the heat released and consumed.

 Overheating of the heater and the accident associated with it are impossible in principle, since the excess steam pressure that appears during overheating will immediately displace water from chamber 6, automatically putting the heater in idle mode, in which the energy consumption will be reduced to the minimum necessary to maintain the vapor pressure in chamber 6 .

 To set the required heat consumption, a shutter 9 is used, the role of which in the hot water supply system can be played by the valves of the mixers, and in the heating system by the valves of the radiators.

 A variant of the heater is possible, in which a hole is made in the lid 5, which is closed by a heat-sensitive element. It is also possible heater, in which the heating chamber is located in the channel 8. The wall 4 must be movable from the drive in order to block the channel 8 from above with excessive power.

 However, these options lead to a complication of the design and a decrease in manufacturability, and most importantly, to a decrease in the reliability of the heater due to the presence of moving parts.

 Thus, the proposed heater is very simple in design, technologically advanced, compact, has high reliability and safety, is convenient in installation and operation, does not contain elements requiring metrological support and adjustments (metrology and adjustment are automatically provided by the natural standard of the boiling point of water always present in the heater ), which allows it to be widely used for hot water and space heating.

Claims (2)

 1. The electric heater is self-regulating, comprising a sealed housing with inlet and outlet nozzles and a wall with a cover installed in it, forming a heating chamber open from below, in which electrodes are located, characterized in that the wall and cover together with the body form a channel for passing the heated conductive fluid from inlet to outlet.  2. The electric heater according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a shutter.