RU2095224C1 - Multirow honing head - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering. SUBSTANCE: honing head has housing 1, rows of blocks 2,3,4, and 5 with honing bars 6,7,8,9, loosening rod made up as two portions 10 and 11 each of which has conical surfaces 12,13,14, and 15 interacting with blocks 2,3,4,5. Portions 10 and 11 are provided with members for connecting with the mechanism for loosening bars. In honing either one, 6 and 7, or two, 6,7 and 8,9, groups of bars can be brought in a contact with the surface to be machined as bars 6 and 7 are loosened independently of position of bars 8 and 9 with respect to the various portions of the loosening rod. EFFECT: improved design. 3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to honing, and more specifically to devices for processing internal cylindrical surfaces, and is intended for processing holes in long products.

Known multi-row honing head containing a housing, in the grooves of which are installed rows of columns with abrasive bars interacting with an expandable element associated with the mechanism of expansion of the bars [1]
When honing with such a head, due to an error in the shape profile of the longitudinal and transverse sections of the hole, a limited number of bars can be in contact with the surface to be treated, since when expanding the bars, the expanding element simultaneously acts with its conical surfaces on all rows of blocks with honing bars, which leads to an increase in contact pressure on the bars in contact with the surface being treated, and, as a result, their intensive wear (breakage, chipping), uneven ( with jamming and jerking) the work of the honing head and reducing the quality of the processed surface. If, in contact with the surface being machined, having a deviation from straightness in any part of the part, bars of other rows come in, then the likelihood of a tool seizing in the hole and its breakage sharply increases.

 Another multi-row honing head is known, comprising a housing in the grooves of which are arranged rows of blocks with honing bars, an expanding element and a mechanism for adjusting the position of each row of bars [2] of such a head allows independent adjustment of the diameter of each row of bars, which compensates for the wear of the bars formed in the previous processing .

 However, the design of the head is complicated, and the adjustment is time-consuming and does not exclude the influence of the shape of the hole (deviation from straightness, non-circularity) on the number of bars in contact with the treated surface, as in the analogue.

 The objective of the invention is the creation of the design of the honing head, providing the required accuracy (straightness, diametrical accuracy), high quality of the machined surface, the exclusion of jamming and tool breakage.

 This is achieved by the fact that in a multi-row honing head containing a housing, in the grooves of which there are rows of blocks with honing bars interacting with the conical surface of the expanding rod having an element of connection with the expanding mechanism, the expanding rod is made of two parts, each part having at least one conical surface and an element of connection with a mechanism for expanding the bars.

 In addition, the elements of the connection with the mechanism of expansion of the bars can be located at opposite ends of the head housing, and the conical surfaces of the parts of the expansion rod are facing each other with smaller bases. A compression spring may be located between the parts of the expansion rod.

 The execution of the expansion rod in two parts provides the possibility of independent movement of the parts of the rod.

 The supply of the stem parts with the elements of connection with the mechanism of expansion of the bars provides the possibility of connecting each part of the rod with the mechanism of expansion, which allows you to independently move the parts of the rod with conical surfaces and thus vary the number of rows of bars in contact with the surface to be processed depending on the processing conditions .

 The location of the elements of the connection with the mechanism of expansion of the bars on opposite ends of the head housing and the execution of the conical surfaces of the parts of the expansion rod facing each other with smaller bases allows access to the parts of the expansion rod from two opposite ends of the head and thus each group of bars (working from one part of the expansion rod) to put into operation without removing the entire head from the hole being machined, which improves the conditions for setting the head.

 The location of the compression spring between the parts of the expansion rod simplifies the return of the rod to its original position.

 The drawing shows a General view of the honing head with four rows of honing bars.

 The multi-row honing head comprises a housing 1, in the grooves of which rows of blocks 2, 3, 4, 5 are installed with honing bars 6, 7, 8, 9, respectively. An expanding rod is located in the housing, made of two parts 10 and 11 mounted in series along the housing 1, each part 10 and 11 has conical surfaces 12, 13 and 14, 15 that interact with the pads 2, 3 and 4, 5, respectively. The conical surfaces 12 and 13 face the conical surfaces 14, 15 with smaller bases. At the ends of the head housing 1, bar expansion mechanisms are installed, each of which in the above embodiment is made in the form of a shank 16 (16 ') connected to the housing 1, inside of which there is a pusher 17 (17') connected through a plate 18 (18 ') with the ring 19 (19 '). Between the ring 19 (19 ') and the nut 20 (20'), a spring 21 (21 ') is located. A liner 22 (22 ') with a lock nut 23 (23') is mounted on the shank 16 (16 '). Between portions 10 and 11 of the rod there is a compression screw spring 24. To clamp the pads 2, 3, 4, 5 to the conical surfaces 12, 13, 14, 15, springs 25 are mounted on the housing.

 The honing head operates as follows.

 The honing head with a shank 16 'is attached to the boring bar (not shown) of the machine. The limb 22 and the lock nut 23 are moved in the direction of the spring 21, compressing the latter, while under the action of the spring 24, the parts 10 and 14 of the expansion rod move to the ends of the head. Pads 2, 3, 4, 5 with bars 6, 7, 8, 9 are moved to the axis of the head. The head with recessed bars 6, 7, 8, 9 is inserted into the workpiece’s hole to be drilled and from the machine it is moved to the opposite end of the part until the bars are expanded from the hole, which controls bars 6 and 7. The limb 22 is moved towards the housing 1, while under the influence of spring 21 (21 '), adjusted to the required force, moves the pusher 17 and part 10 of the expanding rod, which with its conical surfaces 12 and 13 acts on the pads 2 and 3, moving the first group of bars 6 and 7 to the work surface. Due to the shape error of the surface to be treated, only one row of bars, for example bars 6, can contact the surface to be treated. Upon reaching contact with the treated surface, the movement of the bars 6, 7, pads 2, 3, part 10, pusher 17, plate 18 and ring 19 is stopped. The limb 22 is installed in relation to the end face of the ring 19 with a gap providing removal of a given allowance, and is fixed on the shank 16 with a lock nut 23. The rear machine stand (not shown) is brought into contact with the end face of the part. Includes coolant supply, part rotation and reciprocating movement of the honing head. They are processed in two rows of bars 6 and 7 for a time determined on the basis of straightness based on the initial parameters of the part. The honing process is stopped. From the opening of the part, the expansion mechanism is brought out, the shank 16 'of which is attached to the boring bar, and the second group of bars 9 and 10 is brought to the surface to be treated, similar to the first. Similarly, the amount of allowance removed by bars 9 and 10 is adjusted. The process of honing is resumed. At the same time, at least two rows of bars (one from each group) are in contact with the treated surface. In addition, in previous passes, one group of bars 6 and 7 reduced the initial deviations from straightness and shape error, which created the conditions for all four rows of bars 6, 7, 8, and 9 to come into contact with the work surface, and to load all the bars uniformly during honing and reduced the wear of the bars, the likelihood of jamming of the 4-row head in the hole being machined and improved the quality of processing.

Claims (3)

 1. A multi-row honing head comprising a housing with pads located in its grooves carrying honing bars and installed to interact with the conical surfaces of the expanding rod, connected by means of connection elements to the mechanism of expanding the bars, characterized in that the expanding rod is made of two parts having at least one conical surface, and the head is equipped with a second mechanism for expanding the bars, with each part of the rod connected by connecting elements with the corresponding general expansion mechanism.  2. The head according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanisms for expanding the bars are located at opposite ends of the housing, and the conical surfaces of the parts of the expanding rod face one another with smaller bases.  3. The head according to claim 2, characterized in that it is provided with a compression spring located between the parts of the expandable rod.