RU2094213C1 - Device for machining curved surfaces - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering. SUBSTANCE: device has a stack of parallel tools mounted for permitting mutual movement inside the housing made up as a sleeve and provided with a passageway for discharging and supplying fluid and piston built in the housing that transmits the same fluid pressures to the tools and arrests access to the surface to be machined for fluid. In addition piston is composed of members arranged parallel and coaxial to the tools. The number and geometry of the cross-sections of the members of the piston is the same as these of cross- sections of tools. The piston member is made up as a prism. The sides of the bottom portion of the prism that are in a contact with the tools are beveled. The piston members are made of metal. EFFECT: improved design. 5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to abrasive machining of curved surfaces of parts, such as grooves of ball bearing rings.

 A device for superfinishing processing [1] is known in which the holder of the processing tool comprises a housing with a groove for accommodating the tool bar with mutually perpendicular adjacent sides, a clamping element in the form of a wedge mounted to move in a direction perpendicular to one of the walls of the groove with a screw, elastic element mounted on a screw. One end of the elastic element is mounted on the housing, and the other is mounted with the ability to move along the mentioned wall of the groove and is intended for contact with the bar.

 However, in this device, the processing bars are rigidly fixed in a mandrel associated with a large mass of the swing drive, which, with rapid alternating movements, leads to large dynamic forces transmitted to the block, which causes distortion of the profile of the treated surface in individual sections along its length.

 A device is known for superfinishing parts [2] comprising a base, a tool holder, a drive of alternating movements and a clamping force change mechanism made in the form of two copier elements mounted mirror-wise on the axis with the possibility of interaction with the follower lever roller associated with the pressure regulator.

 This design solves the problem of increasing the accuracy of regulating the pressure of the clamp of the tool holder to the work surface, however, the disadvantages described above are also characteristic of this technical solution.

 Closest to the claimed is a device for superfinishing the grooved surfaces of the rings of ball bearings [3] containing a package of parallel processing tools placed in a housing having the form of a square glass with a hole for supply and removal of coolant. When coolant is supplied under controlled pressure, the bars are evenly pressed against the surface to be treated and, as they wear, they automatically extend during operation, maintaining contact with the surface being treated.

 In this technical solution, during processing, the mass of the body-cup and lever carrying the abrasive tool does not affect the workpiece, which improves the quality of the processed surface. However, the contacting and contacting surfaces of the bars wear out during operation, respectively increasing the gap between the bars through which coolant penetrates the surface to be treated (more than the amount necessary for work), which negatively affects the quality of the surface being treated, and reducing its roughness. In addition, in order to prevent the coolant from starting up too much into the gaps between the bars in the bag and the walls of the housing on the workpiece surface, high precision is required in the manufacture of processing bars (manufacturing tolerance within 0.1 0.2 mm), which complicates the process manufacturing device.

 The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of the processed surface while simplifying the manufacturing technology of the device by increasing the tolerances in the manufacture of bars.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for processing curved surfaces, containing a package of parallel processing tools made with the possibility of relative movement in the case of the type "glass", with a channel for removal and supply of coolant, a piston is inserted, placed in the housing and made with the possibility of transmission equal pressure of the medium for each processing tool of the package and restrictions on the coolant entering the surface to be treated.

 In addition, the piston is composed of elements arranged parallel and coaxial to the processing tools.

 In addition, the number and geometry of the cross sections of the piston elements are identical to the number and geometry of the processing tools.

 In addition, the piston element is made in the form of a prism, the faces in the lower part of which are in contact with the processing tool, made beveled.

 In addition, the piston elements are made of metal.

 In the patent and scientific literature known to the authors, solutions with the indicated combination of features were not found. It is not known that the design of the assembly, including a package of processing bars located in a glass-type case, open at one end and having an opening for supplying coolant from the opposite, using a piston located in the body cavity between the bottom of the case-glass and processing tools, is not known and made with the possibility of transmitting equal pressure of the medium to the processing bars, restrictions on the mutual movement of tools (bars) relative to each other and the flow of coolant between them. The piston can be made in the form of a package of parallel metal prismatic elements, the geometry of the cross sections of which (elements) repeats the number and geometry of the processing bars. Moreover, to eliminate possible interference during relative movement between adjacent bars during operation with uneven wear, the faces of the lower part of the prism in contact with the processing tool are made beveled.

 The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows the inventive device in section. The positions in the drawing indicate: a package of bars 1, a housing 2, a piston from metal prisms 3, a hose 4, a fitting 5, a hydraulic support 6, a cup 7, a thrust bearing 8, a drive disc 9, a channel 10, a machined ring 11.

 The device contains a packet of bars 1 placed in a square glass 2, and in it, on the liquid supply side, a piston in the form of a packet of metal prisms 3, the number of which is equal to the number of processing bars, is placed in parallel and coaxially to the processing tools. The cross section of the prisms is identical to the cross section of the bars 1. Metal prisms can be made with any accuracy, so the package fills them in the cross section of the glass with the minimum required gaps. The faces of the lower parts of the prisms in contact with the processing bars are made beveled. The device also contains a fitting 5, a flexible hose 4, a hydraulic support 6 with a channel 10, a cup 11 with a thrust bearing 8, a drive disk 9, a machined ring 11.

 The device operates as follows: the workpiece, for example, the inner ring 11, is put on a fixed hydraulic support 6 and raised by a rotating drive disk 9 to the cup 7 and the thrust bearing ring 8. Thus, the ring 11 is rotated on a fixed support 7. Through the channel 10 serves Coolant. After that, the cup 2 with the packet of bars 1 and the prisms 3 are brought to the groove of the ring 11, through the hole 3 in the bottom of the housing-cup through the nozzle 5 and the hose 4 serves oil under pressure. In this case, the packet of prisms in contact with the non-working ends of the bars moves towards the machined trough and is pressed against the machined surface. After that, the glass with bars and prisms near the center of curvature of the gutter is reported to oscillate. The swing drive and the supply of the glass in the drawing is not shown. The bars 1 during the operation of the device wear out unevenly, but the mutual movement of the prisms 3 compensates for this unevenness, i.e. each bar in the bag presses on the work surface with equal force. At the same time, a package of metal prisms prevents the flow of oil into the gaps between the bars, without interfering with their mutual movement. As the bars wear, the prisms move without leaving contact with them, and when the bars change, they move to their original position. After the treatment cycle, the pressure in the upper part of the glass is removed and thus the packet of bars and prisms is removed from the machined part. The ring is changed on a hydroprotector, which is brought into rotation by the disk 9, thus repeating the treatment cycle.

 The practical application of the device is carried out in machines for superfinishing the inner rings of bearings 206, 204 and others.

Claims (5)

 1. A device for processing curved surfaces, containing a package of parallel-mounted processing tools installed with the possibility of relative axial movement in the case of the type "glass" with a channel for the withdrawal-supply of the medium, characterized in that the device is equipped with a piston located in the housing, mounted with contact with non-working ends of the processing tools from the condition of transferring them equal pressure of the medium.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston is made in the form of elements arranged coaxially to the processing tools, the number of which corresponds to the number of tools.  3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the piston elements are made with a geometry of cross sections corresponding to the geometry of the processing tools.  4. The device according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that each piston element is made in the form of a prism with beveled faces at the end intended for contact with a processing tool.  5. The device according to any one of paragraphs.2 to 4, characterized in that the piston elements are made of metal.