RU2093475C1 - Apparatus for galvanic-coagulation treatment of waste waters - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: waste water treatment. SUBSTANCE: invention is meant to be used for treating chromium-containing waste water when creating recycling water supply system, for removing heavy metals and a series of organics from wash water at plating plants, and for treating drains from chemical, hydrometallurgical, and mechanical engineering enterprises. Apparatus has casing made in the form of stationary container, lower part of which constitutes a half of regular polyhedron prism and upper part rectangular parallelepiped. Inside the latter, parallel to prism faces, a shaft is mounted with fastened and perpendicular to it blade holders. Blades are fixed at and angle to holder rotation circle tangent. Inside casing, pipes with holes for air feeding are disposed parallel to edges of prism. Number of faces of prism is determined by formula: n = K-a/b where a is distance from bottom of casing to its shaft axis, m; b width of casing, m; and F experimentally found coefficient of proportionality. Blade holders are installed by groups in clasping clutches uniformly in relation to rotation axis, holders in each subsequent groups being shifted relative to preceding ones at angle at least 30 deg. Blades are fixed on opposite holders with shift relative to holder equal to 1/3 blade length toward opposite sides, and adjacent blades are fixed symmetrically in respect to axis of holder. EFFECT: improved design of apparatus. 4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment and can be used for the purification of chromium-containing wastewater during the organization of recycled water supply, for the treatment of washing water from galvanic plants from heavy metals and a number of organic substances, for the treatment of wastewater from chemical enterprises, hydrometallurgy and mechanical engineering.

Known galvanic coagulator drum type, which is a horizontal steel drum, rotating at a speed of 2 min ^-1 [1,2] Steel or aluminum shavings are loaded into the drum, waste water enters the input, purified water enters the output.

A known apparatus for extracting metals from solutions, containing a drum, shelves located on the inner surface of the drum, mesh, drive, loading and unloading device; the grid divides the drum into two zones: the zone of formation and the zone of enlargement of ferrites, the inner surface of the drum is lined with copper [3]
A disadvantage of the known devices is that for the process requires shelves located on the inner surface of the drum and does not guarantee the renewal of the surface of iron. As a result of passivation of the active surface of iron, the rate of the redox reaction decreases, the iron content in the solution decreases, which can lead to reverse dissolution of chromium and a significant complication of the process. In addition, the presence of shelves entails the weighting and complexity of the design, increasing costs.

A device for wastewater treatment of industrial enterprises is known, selected as a prototype, comprising a housing made in the form of a multifaceted prism (the number of faces is at least four), a drive, a loading device for iron scrap and coke and an unloading device for purified water, a waste water supply pipe, a supply pipe air device for unloading sludge. In a multiple housing, when rotated at a speed of 2 min ^-1 , the effect of breaking down the entire mass of iron and coke particles down, which contributes to the mechanical cleaning of the passivated iron surface (depassivation), is used [4]
The disadvantages of the known device are its high energy consumption for rotation of the housing, the complexity of the drive, high complexity during operation of the apparatus.

 In order to eliminate these drawbacks, a device for galvanic coagulation wastewater treatment is proposed, comprising a housing in the form of a fixed tank, the lower part of which has the shape of a polyhedron, and the upper rectangular parallelepiped, drive, loading and unloading devices. A mixing device driven in rotation from the drive in the form of sets of blades on the holders by moving solid (metal shavings, coke) ensures contact between the electrodes of the galvanic couple. waste water and oxygen, resulting in the dissolution of the metal, as well as cleaning the passivated surface of the metal chips, the conditions for the formation of metal ferrites by co-precipitation of hydroxides are improved. The degree of purification of effluents from contained impurities is stabilized.

 In FIG. 1 shows a device, a General view; in FIG. 2 same section.

где
а высота от днища корпуса до оси вала,
в ширина корпуса,
к коэффициент пропорциональности, определяемый экспериментально, исходя из состава очищаемых стоков и физических характеристик металлической стружки и кокса, в частности, для аппарата производительностью 1 м³/ч а 0,5 м, в1 м, К 3, величина n6.The device comprises a housing 1, made in the form of a fixed container, the lower part of which is half the correct n face prism, the number of faces of which is calculated by the formula

Where
and the height from the bottom of the housing to the axis of the shaft,
in the width of the case,
to the coefficient of proportionality, determined experimentally, based on the composition of the treated effluents and the physical characteristics of the metal chips and coke, in particular, for an apparatus with a capacity of 1 m ³ / h and 0.5 m, v1 m, K 3, n6.

The upper part is a rectangular parallelepiped, inside of which a shaft 2 is located parallel to the prism faces with the holders 3 of the blades 4 mounted perpendicular to it, fixed at an angle to the tangent of the rotation circle of the holders, which can be installed in groups (sets) in the fastening couplings uniformly with respect to the axis of rotation in each subsequent set holders are offset relative to the preceding by an angle of at least 30 ^o, wherein the blades are mounted on opposite holding firs 1/3 length of the blade in the opposite direction, and the adjacent holders are fixed symmetrically relative to their axis. The end of the shaft is connected to the actuator 5; inside the housing (at the bottom) along the edges of the prism are pipes 6 with openings providing a uniform air supply; loading metal scrap and coke 7 and discharge of purified water 8 of the device, a pipe for supplying waste water 9, a discharge device for sludge 10.

 The device operates as follows. Wastewater to be treated is supplied through pipe 9, air through pipes 6. Through the charging device 7, a mixture of metal scrap and coke is loaded into the casing in the required weight ratio, ensuring the maximum volume current density in the solution, coke is loaded once, since it is polarized by metal cathodically protected from chemical attack and is only consumed by mechanical abrasion. Metal scrap is loaded as it is spent.

 When the mixing device is rotated in the form of sets of blades on the holders, intensive contact is made between metal scrap, coke, waste water and oxygen, which leads to the formation of galvanic couples and various physical and chemical processes leading to the removal of impurities from wastewater.

 The purified water through the drain trough of the unloading device 8 is sent to the filtration. Sludge is discharged through a discharge device 10.

 Sources of information.

 1. A. A. Weicher G.E. Zolotova, P.P. Kondratiev. Neutralization of chromium-containing wastewater by galvanocoagulation // Communication Facilities, N 2, 1988, Scientific and Technical Collection.

 2. A.A. Beixep, G.E. Zolotareva, P.P. Kondratyev. Purification of copper-ammonia wastewater and spent electrolytes by galvanocoagulation // Communication Facilities, N 2, 1988, Scientific collection.

 3. A.c. CCCP N 841369, C 22 B 11/12 02/04/80 B.I. N 41, 1991.

4. Application of the USSR N 92008905/26 from 11/27/92
Device for wastewater treatment of industrial enterprises. Publ. 05.27.95 BI N 9, 1995.

Claims (4)

 1. Device for galvanic coagulation wastewater treatment, containing loading and unloading devices, a drive, a housing into which metal shavings, coke are loaded, untreated wastewater and air are supplied, characterized in that the housing is made in the form of a fixed tank, the lower part of which is half a regular n-faced prism, and the upper one is a rectangular parallelepiped, inside of which, parallel to the faces of the prism, there is a shaft with blade holders mounted perpendicular to it, the blades are fixed at an angle to the tangent circle of rotation of the holders, inside the housing along the edges of the prism are pipes with holes through which air is supplied. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the number of faces of the prism of the housing is determined by the formula
n K • b / a, n ≥ 6,
where a height from the bottom of the housing to the axis of the shaft, m;
b case width, m;
To the coefficient of proportionality, determined experimentally, based on the composition of the treated effluents and the physical characteristics of metal chips and coke. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the blade holders are installed in groups (sets) in the fastening couplings uniformly relative to the axis of rotation, in each subsequent set of holders are offset from the previous ones by an angle of at least 30 ^o .  4. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the blades are mounted on opposite holders with an offset 1/3 of the length of the blades relative to the axis of the blade in opposite directions, and adjacent blades are mounted on the holders symmetrically with respect to the axis of the holder.

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