RU208605U1 - Fertilizer production device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agriculture and can be used for the preparation of environmentally friendly high-quality organic fertilizer. Device for the production of fertilizer, containing a housing mounted on a support frame, including an inlet for loading manure, an outlet for unloading fertilizer, made in the form of windows equipped with valves. At the end of the housing, a diesel burner with a spray nozzle directed into the housing is located outside. Two rotating shafts are installed inside the housing, on which blades having an arcuate blade part are rigidly fixed, while each shaft is driven by a separate electric motor with the possibility of rotation both towards each other and in the opposite direction. Air ducts connected to an exhaust fan and a cyclone are installed in the upper part of the housing. The housing is additionally equipped with maintenance hatches and an inspection door located at the end.

Description

The utility model relates to agriculture and can be used for the preparation of environmentally friendly high-quality organic fertilizer.

No matter how great the production of mineral fertilizers in the country, manure will never lose its importance as one of the main fertilizers in agriculture. Manure obtained from livestock farms is the raw material for the preparation of organic fertilizers. Having high humidity, infection with pathogenic microflora and helminths, infestation with germinating weed seeds, a sharp unpleasant odor, it needs pre-treatment. Thermal treatment of manure destroys pathogenic microorganisms and brings it to almost sterile purity. Heat treatment is a reliable means of manure disinfection and deworming.

The following technical solutions are known from the prior art.

Device for processing manure by its composting according to the application for invention JP No. 2005162497, IPC B01F 7/04; B09B 3/00; C02F 11/02; C03F 17/00; C05F 3/06; C05F 7/00; C05F09/02; F23G 7/00; F23G 7/06, published 06/23/2005, containing two shafts rotating in opposite directions, with blades fixed to them. A burner is installed on the end wall, on the inside of the body. The device has a loading inlet for manure, an outlet for unloading compost, as well as a cabinet for placing the control system.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the placement of the burner on the inside of the housing, which exposes the burner to high temperatures and rapid failure.

Known technical solution according to the application for invention GB No. 489710, IPC C05F 3/00, published 08/02/1938, which is a plant for drying manure followed by packaging of finished fertilizer. The installation contains a compartment for grinding manure, containing a housing with two, rotating towards each other, shafts with blades. Crushed manure enters on an escalator into a drying drum made in the form of a rotating hollow cylinder, on one end side of which an oil burner is installed, the fire flow of which is directed to a heated refractory element installed on the opposite side. The dried manure is then pulverized and, entrained by the air blown by the fan, is fed into the bagging compartment.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the complexity of the design, since there are two compartments independent of each other: a housing with mixing and grinding shafts with blades and a dryer drum, while manure enters the dryer drum through an escalator, which complicates the process, inevitable large time costs and not eliminates losses. With this design, not the entire mass of manure is evenly mixed, and, therefore, it is not dried enough.

The closest in technical essence is a device for the production of fertilizer according to utility model RU 192608, C05F 3/00, published on September 23, 2019, containing a housing in which shafts are installed with the possibility of rotation towards each other, forming a space for mixing the fertilizer, on blades, including an inlet for loading manure, an outlet for unloading fertilizer, a heating device in the form of a burner, and the burner nozzle is located on top of the body and faces its outlet inside the body to the space for mixing fertilizers.

The disadvantages of this technical solution is the inefficiency of manure heating, since the hot air flow is distributed only in the upper part of the body, and the entire mass of manure moves in the lower part of the body and, as a result, does not receive proper heating. In addition, the mixing blades, which, in addition to mixing the fertilizer, perform the function of grinding it, have a simple rectangular shape, but this shape of the blades does not allow to grind a large amount of lumpy manure well enough, which also does not allow heating the manure sufficiently and, therefore, destroying pathogenic microorganisms.

The technical result of the proposed technical solution is to increase the efficiency of the process and improve the quality of the fertilizer due to high-quality grinding and deep heat treatment, due to the rotation of the shafts both towards each other and in the opposite direction, as well as intensive mixing with arcuate blades and a powerful heat flow from a diesel burner with a nozzle located outside in the center of the end side of the case.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for the production of fertilizer contains a housing that includes an input for loading manure, an output for unloading fertilizer, a heating device in the form of a burner, with two rotating shafts installed inside, on which the blades are rigidly fixed, with each shaft being driven by a separate electric motor with the possibility of rotation both towards each other and in the opposite direction, the heating device is made in the form of a diesel burner with a spray nozzle and is located outside on the end side of the housing in the middle between the shafts, the blades are fixed on the shaft with the help of two supports and have an arcuate blade part , and in the upper part of the housing there are air ducts connected to an exhaust fan and a cyclone. In addition, the body is equipped with maintenance hatches and an inspection door located at the end. The loading inlet and the unloading outlet are made in the form of windows, and an auger can be installed at the unloading outlet for further movement of the finished product. The body of the device is mounted on a support frame.

The body of the device has a welded structure made of sheet steel in the form of two paired drums, over which a hemisphere is fixed to maintain the temperature regime in the drums. Maintenance hatches are located on the hemisphere. The housing is mounted on a support frame, which provides spatial stability of the structure and serves to fasten structural elements to the housing.

To the end walls of the body by means of, for example, spacer bushings and clamping rings, two shafts independent of each other are horizontally mounted. Each shaft is connected by an electromechanical drive to separate gearboxes with electric motors, which allows each shaft to rotate separately with a change in direction of movement both towards each other and in the opposite direction by changing the polarity of the electrical voltage, which, in turn, allows you to move the processed manure both in the direction unloading and vice versa. The shafts form a space between them for mixing the fertilizer. The change in the rotation of the shafts makes it possible to grind the manure better, also provides better mixing of the entire mass of manure and, as a result, its better heating.

The shafts are rigidly fixed, for example, the blades are welded. The blade can be a welded steel structure of two low supports, on which an arcuate blade part made of sheet steel is welded. The blades are arranged in a spiral and look like semi-screws. The semi-auger blades, curved in an arc, allow efficient mixing and movement of manure in both directions when the rotation is changed by changing the polarity on the electric motors. At the same time, the blades, while mixing the manure, simultaneously crush it, since the shape and size of the blades make it possible to break large lumps of manure into smaller fractions.

Outside the body, in the center of the end side, at the level between the shafts, on a bracket fixed on the support frame, there is a diesel burner, the nozzle of which is cut into the body by the working part so that the burner flame is directed to the space between the shafts. The outdoor location of the diesel burner facilitates accessibility to maintenance and eliminates burner body heat that would lead to premature wear. A diesel burner with a nozzle ensures uniform heating of the entire volume of manure to a temperature of approximately 180°C. A diesel burner, in particular made in Germany, can be equipped with a photocell and a “manager” device with a good atomizer, which completely eliminates the ingress of fuel particles on manure.

Air ducts are installed in the upper part of the housing, connected to a centrifugal exhaust fan located at one end of the air duct. At the other end of the air duct, a cyclone partially filled with water is fixed to trap small particles. Waste gases are emitted into the atmosphere, purified from the smallest particles of manure. Thus, exhaust ventilation protects the heat treatment process from overheating and releases relatively purified gases into the atmosphere.

The device contains an inlet for loading manure and an outlet for unloading finished fertilizer, made in the form of windows equipped, for example, with mechanical valves. An auger can be attached to the output window for further transportation of the finished fertilizer, for example, to a grinder and/or storage hopper.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by reference to the drawings.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a general view of the device with a partial section of the housing. Fig. 2 - view of the device from the ends.

The device for the production of fertilizer contains a housing 1, in the upper part of which there is a loading window 2, and in the lower part there is a window for unloading 3. To remove by-products of gaseous processing, air ducts 4, a centrifugal fan 3 and a cyclone 6 are installed in the upper part of the housing 1.

In the housing 1, two shafts 7 are installed parallel to each other, which are driven by two electric motors 8 with gearboxes 9.

On the shafts 7, the blades are rigidly fixed, which are a welded steel structure of supports P, with an arcuate blade part 10 welded to them.

Outside the housing t on the bracket 15, which is attached to the support frame 12, there is a diesel burner 14, the nozzle of which is directed inside the housing 1 to the space between the shafts, where the fertilizer is mixed.

Housing 1 can also be equipped with hatches 13, for example, in the amount of 5 pieces, for inspection and maintenance of the shafts. Also at the end of the housing 1 can be provided with a viewing window 16, designed to monitor the process.

The device works as follows.

At the beginning of the start-up, with the valves of the loading window 2 and the window for unloading fertilizer 3 of the housing 1 closed, the centrifugal fan 5 is turned on, the electric motors 8 are turned on, which drive the shafts 7 through gearboxes 9 and through gears in a known way, then turn on the diesel burner 14 and the housing 1 warms up for [0 minutes. The required heating temperature is preliminarily set to approximately 180°C. Then the valve of the loading window 2 is opened and the prepared manure, sorted from garbage, is fed into the housing 1. The gate of the loading window 2 is closed and the heat treatment process begins. The duration of the heat treatment depends on the initial parameters of the manure and can be determined by examining the process through the viewing window 16. To improve the heat treatment, the polarity of the electric motors is repeatedly switched, which makes it possible to rotate the shafts 7 both towards each other and in the opposite direction, while the semi-auger blades (10, 11) break and move the manure in the direction from the loading window 2 to the window for unloading 3 and back. Excess gases are removed with the help of an exhaust fan 5 through air ducts 4. Moreover, the particles entrained in the flow settle in a cyclone 6 partially filled with water. At the end of the heat treatment cycle, the exhaust fan 5, electric motors 8 are turned off, the finished product is packed into bags through the unloading window 3, or enters the screw conveyor (not shown) for further movement, for example, into the grinder (not shown) and / or into the bunker - drive (not shown).

The finished fertilizer is in the form of a dry, harmless powder that is odorless and does not contain bacteria or other harmful microorganisms.

The presented figures, description of the design and use of the device for the production of fertilizer do not exhaust the possible versions and do not limit in any way the scope of the proposed technical solution. Other variants of execution and use within the scope of the claimed formula are possible. Depending on the purpose, the fertilizer production device can be manufactured in different sizes, colors and configurations.

Claims (5)

1. A device for the production of fertilizer, containing a housing, including an inlet for loading manure, an outlet for unloading fertilizer, a heating device in the form of a burner, with two rotating shafts installed inside, on which the blades are rigidly fixed, characterized in that each shaft is driven by a separate by an electric motor with the possibility of rotation both towards each other and in the opposite direction, the heating device is made in the form of a diesel burner with a spray nozzle and is located outside on the end side of the housing in the middle between the shafts, the blades are fixed on the shaft with the help of two supports and have an arcuate blade part, and in the upper part of the housing there are air ducts connected to an exhaust fan and a cyclone. 2. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the body is equipped with hatches for maintenance. 3. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the housing is equipped with an inspection door located at the end. 4. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the input for loading and the output for unloading are made in the form of windows equipped with valves. 5. The device according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that it is mounted on a support frame.

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