RU2084143C1 - Egg yield stimulating method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: poultry farming. SUBSTANCE: method involves introducing aqueous extract of acanthous eleutherococcus root into feed as biological additive during prelaying period, 20-25 days before laying, in an amount of 0.5 g of dry substance per 1 laying hen per day; feeding hens for 20 days. EFFECT: increased egg yield. 4 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to poultry farming, namely to increase egg productivity in chickens.

 It is known to use alcohol extract of Eleutherococcus to stimulate egg production (Lyapustina, 1980). However, as evidenced by the description of the experiments, its use without taking into account the functional state of the reproductive system in birds gives a short-term and unstable rise in egg production, and cessation of drug administration leads to a drop in egg production to the control level. Alcohol extract, in addition, has a relatively high cost.

 The aim of the invention is to develop a cost-effective way to increase egg production in chickens by a relatively short-term single dose of giving them the cheapest of the eleutherococcus preparations of its root water extract.

 In experiments conducted on personal and meat breeds of chickens at poultry farms in the Leningrad Region "Primorye" of the Vyborgsky district, "Skvoritsy" and "Voyskovitsy" of the Gatchinsky district, a stimulating effect of the eleutherococcus aqueous extract, given both in a mixture with compound feed, and in the form of a drink. The optimal dose and the most effective age of the bird were determined, giving the drug in which once for 20 days provides a long-term (from 2 to 8 months) increase in egg production.

 Examples of specific performance.

 In 5 experiments at the Primorye poultry farm on chickens of the Haysex Brown egg cross, more than 100 thousand heads of hens were used in experimental and the same number in control groups. The results of some of these experiments are presented in table. 1, 2 and 3.

 The experimental and control groups included hens of the same age, developmental indicators identical for the breed or cross, clinically healthy, adapted to the cell technology of keeping. Experimental and control birds were fed in accordance with existing standards with standard compound feeds with a digestible protein content of 15 - 15.5%. Production workshops in these and all other experiments described below with egg lines were produced by hens aged 110 111 days with a live weight of 1.25 1 , 45 kg.

 Example 1. The experiments showed that in chickens of the cross Highsex Brown, whose natural oviposition begins at 150 155 days of age, the most effective way to start giving the drug is 130 -135 days of life, i.e. starting 20 days before the age of the expected onset of oviposition (Table 1).

 In the experimental group, oviposition began 13 days after the start of the administration of the drug, i.e. at the age of 143,148 days, in the control 16 days later, i.e. at 159 164 days of age (the 5-day fluctuation is due to age-related variation in the recruitment of groups). Only due to the earlier start of oviposition an additional 8.5 thousand eggs were obtained.

 Example 2. Giving the drug in the same dose at a later age was less effective. The results of feeding the drug, starting from 140 145 days of age, i.e. chickens, 10 days older than those that were given in the previous experiment, are presented in table. 2.

 In the experimental group, oviposition began on the 153th 158th days of life, and in the control group on the 160th -165th days, i.e. for 7 days at an older age. The maximum increase was observed in the first 2 months of oviposition. Less noticeable was the difference in safety.

 Example 3. Giving at the optimal age (130 -135 days) of the extract in a lower dose, namely 0.2 g (in terms of dry root) per head also for 20 days, led to an insignificant response mainly to the first 2 months of oviposition (Table 3).

 In the experimental group, egg laying began from 149 154 days, and in the control group from 156 161 days, i.e. 7 days later.

 Example 4. In two other experiments at the poultry farm "Primorye" studied the results of feeding the drug at the optimal age and in the optimal dose for 10 and 30 days. The dacha for 10 days was ineffective, and for 30 days did not give noticeable advantages over the 20-day one.

 The following experiments (examples 5 and 6) were carried out at the Skvoritsy poultry farm, where hens of the Lohmann Brown cross were used, the normal age of oviposition was 21 weeks, i.e. 147 days. In these experiments, the aqueous extract was given in the optimal dose (0.5 g in terms of root per day for 1 head) for 20 days.

 Example 5. In the experiment and control used hens contained in different halves of the same room. In the experimental group (workshop 1) there were 34996 goals, in the control (workshop 1 "a") 37830 goals. The preparations were given to experimental chickens from 125 days of age, i.e. the 20-day interval was maintained until the start of natural oviposition. Oviposition at them began from 136 days, the transfer from a group of youngsters to a group of laying hens was made at 150 days of age. In the control, the first signs of oviposition were noted at 147 days of age, i.e. 11 days later than in the experimental subjects, and transfer to the group of hens was made on 161 days of life. For 11 days of earlier oviposition from the experimental group, 4920 eggs were obtained. For the first 30 days of egg laying, 16.1 eggs were obtained from experimental chickens, and 10.1 from the control. In the next 30 days, 25.6 were obtained from experimental subjects, and 24.5 eggs per hen from the control. In the next 6 months, significant differences in experimental and control chickens in egg production were not observed.

 In the experimental group, in the 1st month, 20 chickens fell and 26 chickens were forcedly slaughtered, in the control group 34 and 51 heads, respectively. In the following months, no significant differences were observed.

 Example 6. In the experimental group (halls 1 2) there were 48152 heads, and in the control group (halls 5 -6) 53010 heads. Giving the drug started at the age of 111 days. Oviposition began from 136 days of life, 12 days earlier than in control. During these 12 days, an additional (to control) 134230 eggs were received. Chickens in the control group began oviposition at 148 days of age.

For the first month, 19.6 were obtained from experimental subjects, and 13.7 eggs from control. Subsequently, the difference was within the experimental error. The safety of experimental chickens was 97.7% of the control 95.5%
Thus, earlier use of the drug (i.e., not 20 to 25 days before the start of oviposition, but 38 days) did not give noticeable benefits in terms of controlled indicators. Moreover, a noticeable stimulating effect was observed only in the first month of oviposition.

 When giving in a mixture with concentrates, it is necessary to give in a mixture with food not only the aqueous extract itself, but also the crushed root remaining after extraction. As experiments have shown, giving the extract with drink by 10 20% reduces the effectiveness of the method.

 Example 7. In experiments on meat poultry of Cornish and Plymouthrock breeds when kept on the Voiskovitsy breeding poultry farm in response to giving the extract with drink, the same patterns were observed, in general, i.e. a more noticeable increase occurred in the first 2 months, but, in general, the response was lower (Table 4).

 In control hens of egg-laying crosses, feed consumption per 1000 eggs ranged from 1.613 to 1.789 centners of feed units, in meat from 3.52 to 4.18 centners of feed units. In experimental subjects who were fed at the same rates as the control, this consumption was lower in accordance with the percentage by which the egg production in general increased over the entire productive period.

 Giving an aqueous extract of Eleutherococcus did not have a noticeable effect on the live weight of chickens. Their development in the process of experiment was within the standards for the breed or cross.

 The economic side of the method is as follows. Currently, the cost of 1 kg of Eleutherococcus shrub root with delivery from the Far East to the North-West of the country and the costs of its grinding is about 10 thousand rubles. For 1 chicken, the total dose for the entire period is 10 g, i.e. 1 kg is enough to process 100 heads of chickens, from which with a minimum increase of 7 eggs per year, you can get an additional 700 eggs. At a cost of 1 egg of egg crosses at controlled poultry farms of about 180 rubles, the income from an egg alone is 126 thousand rubles or 116 thousand rubles of net profit. Thus, only at the expense of eggs, excluding the cost of additionally saved heads, the income is 12.6 rubles per 1 ruble of the cost of the drug.

 At the Voyskovitsy breeding poultry farm, the cost of an egg is about 700 rubles. for 1 piece and when receiving from 100 hens an additional 600 eggs, the income is more than 40 rubles per 1 ruble of expenses. Special training for operators on its use is not required. The procedural side of the applied method is very simple. The costs of preparing the aqueous extract and mixing it with feed in the feed mill are minuscule and can be neglected in the calculations. For the preparation of an aqueous extract, the most effective is the use of horizontal vacuum boilers GVK-2, which are usually equipped with poultry bio-shops.

 Spiny Eleutherococcus shrub is a very common plant in the Russian Far East. In the Khabarovsk Territory, more than 4 million hectares, and in Primorsky Krai, more than 10 million hectares, forests have areas with thickened thickets of naturally growing shrubs. This allows you to safely undermine the natural resource base to harvest at least 5 thousand tons annually. root with the needs of Russian medicine about 700 tons. Moreover, the bush can be successfully cultivated in other regions of Russia and give 3 years after planting about 5 tons of roots per hectare. Thus, the raw material base allows you to enter the proposed method as a technology nationwide, because all the needs of veterinary medicine and animal husbandry can be provided for 2.5 3 thousand tons of root. If the root is used mainly for medicine, then stems and leaves are quite suitable for animal husbandry, i.e. waste from the preparation of medical drugs.

 In the future, it seems appropriate to centralize the production of special animal feed with the addition of Eleutherococcus preparations for feeding young chickens at the final stage of puberty in accordance with the above method. This would significantly increase the profitability of egg production based on industrial technology.

Claims (1)

 A method of stimulating egg laying of chickens, including feeding chickens with a dietary supplement for mixed feeds, characterized in that in the pre-laying period 20 to 25 days before the expected laying time of the first egg, an aqueous extract of prickly Eleutherococcus roots at a dose of 0.5 g in terms of dry matter is introduced as a bioadditive on 1 head per day for 20 days.

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