RU2081316C1 - Method for control of rock pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry. SUBSTANCE: for control of rock pressure at mine field boundary in edging part of displacement sincline, mining of ore is effected by alternating long and short chambers. If extraction drift is located perpendicularly to mine field boundary, length of short chambers is increased as their location is moving towards boundary of edging part of displacement sincline closer to complete extraction zone. If positioning of extraction drift is parallel to mine field boundary, short chambers extend to boundary of stepped relieving zone. EFFECT: high efficiency. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the mining industry and is intended for use in the development of shallow potash seams with chambers with an ore extraction value leading to the destruction of interchamber pillars both in the full-time zone and in the edge of the motion trough.

 Mining operations in potash mines are complicated by the presence of aquifers that are located above the water-proof strata of salt rocks that lie on the layer being developed. To prevent the appearance of cracks in the waterproof layer after the destruction of the inter-chamber pillars, a softening zone is formed in the edge of the displacement trough. The distance between the extraction and ventilation drifts, equal to the length of the treatment chamber, is determined based on the minimum cost of ore mining; this takes into account the costs of both preparatory and cleaning work. Due to the fact that the cost of driving the preparatory workings is much higher than the sinking of the sewage treatment plants, and also because of the need for coordination in time and space of the preparatory and cleaning work, the length of the treatment chamber is greater than the limit value at which the combine complex (combine, self-propelled carriage and hopper-loader) achieves the greatest productivity. The decline in productivity of the combine complex is due to large downtime of the combine in anticipation of a self-propelled wagon (Dependence of the performance of combine complexes on the parameters and level of use of the machines included in them at the mines of the Uralkali association. Papulov L.M. Melekhin V.N. "Development of salt deposits." Mezhvuzovsky collection of scientific works. Perm University, 1978, pp. 85-88).

 The invention is aimed at solving the problem of increasing the productivity of the combine complex in the formation of the softening zone.

 There is a method of forming a softening zone during ore excavation with the subsequent laying of treatment chambers (AS USSR N 626208 class E 21 C 41/06). However, it does not solve the problem of increasing the productivity of combine complexes and, in addition, when using it, the cost of ore mining increases due to the costs associated with the implementation of the laying works.

 There is also known a method of forming a mitigation zone, in which the regulation of the final subsidence of the earth's surface is carried out on compliant pillars (Mechanics of rocks in the development of deposits of natural salts. Proceedings of VNIIN, issue 67, L. 1974, p. 98). In the practice of mining in the mines of the Verkhnekamsk potash deposit using this method, the change in the coefficient of extraction of ore from the formation is performed in steps. This method also does not solve the problem of increasing the productivity of combine complexes. Moreover, when it is used, ore losses in inter-chamber pillars increase due to an increase in their width as their location approaches the boundary of the mine field.

 The purpose of the invention is the reduction of ore losses in the inter-chamber pillars and an increase in the productivity of combine complexes.

 The goal is achieved by the fact that in the known method of controlling rock pressure near the boundaries of the mine field, including the sinking of panel drifts and belt treatment chambers with the formation of a smooth or step softening zone, the ore is excavated with alternating long and short chambers; in this case, if the excavation drift is perpendicular to the boundary of the mine shaft location to the boundary of the edge part of the shift mold with the full-time zone, and if the excavation drift is parallel to the boundary of the mine field, short chambers pass to the boundary of the stepped softening zone.

 The proposed method of controlling rock pressure is illustrated by a vertical section of the developed formation parallel to the boundary of the mine field (Fig. 1) and a horizontal section along the panel production of the developed formation (Fig.2.3). Moreover, in FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the formation of the mitigation zone with the location of the panel excavation drift perpendicular to the boundary of the mine field, and in FIG. 3 diagram of the formation of the mitigation zone with the location of the panel excavation drift parallel to the boundary of the mine field.

 The graphic images show: the boundary of the mine field 1, a panel excavation drift 2, a ventilation panel drift 3, long treatment chambers 4, short treatment chambers 5, the boundary of the stage of the softening zone 6, the boundary between zones with different levels of extraction of ore from the formation 7, the boundary between the marginal part of the trough of displacement and the zone of underworking 8, destroyed interchamber pillars in the zone of increased extraction 9, destroyed interchamber pillars in the zone of reduced extraction 10, a set of collapsed rocks 11, pillars in the roof of the reservoir 12, delamination from the edge of the pillars 13.

 Due to the gradual increase in the length of the short chambers 7 (Fig. 2), as we approach the boundary of the mine field 1 to the zone of a complete part-time 8, the ore coefficient from the formation increases. Thus, the potential is being prepared to ensure a smooth deflection of the VZT after the destruction of interchamber pillars. In this case, the narrower pillars 9 to the boundary 7 with increased extraction will be destroyed first, and then the pillars 10 located in the lower extraction zone.

 Such a sequence of destruction creates the conditions for the formation of an extended vault over narrow tape pillars with a cavity 11 filled with destroyed pieces of rock. The rock mass located in the roof between the arches is tape pillars with a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape. After the destruction of the marginal parts 13 of these pillars, the rock pressure is redistributed to their central part 12, which, after the loss of its bearing capacity, will switch to the beyond. At the same time, compaction of the destroyed rock mass in the areas with reduced extraction will proceed more intensively than in the zone with increased extraction, which will lead to the equalization of subsidence of the earth's surface in areas of the mine field with the same distance from the boundary of the mine field.

 With the location of the excavation drift 2 parallel to the boundary of the mine field 1 (Fig. 3) outside the bottom face of the short chambers 5, a zone with reduced extraction is formed. Thanks to its presence, the smoothness of the deflection of the VZT is ensured.

Claims (1)

 A method of controlling rock pressure at the boundary of a mine field at the edge of the displacement trough, including driving panel drifts and belt treatment chambers with the formation of a smooth or step softening zone, characterized in that the ore is excavated by alternating long and short chambers, in this case, in the case of the excavation drift perpendicular to the boundary of the mine field, the length of the short chambers increases as their location approaches the boundary of the edge part of the trough of displacement with the full-time zone, and in the case of the location of the excavation drift parallel to the boundary of the mine field, short chambers extend to the boundary of the stepped softening zone.

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