RU207739U1 - Forage harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural production, namely to the field of forage harvesters for harvesting forage for the winter. The forage harvester contains a frame (1), on the side member of which an engine (2) is attached. The hydrostatic transmission of the drive axle (4) receives a drive from the toe of the crankshaft through the clutch (3). From the end of the crankshaft, through the clutch (5), torque is transmitted to the transfer case (25) to drive the working bodies, including the hydraulic pump and generator. Pushing bars (7) are pivotally mounted on the frame side members for installing the tedder rake (8). A round baler (9) with a feeder chamber (10) and a pick-up (11) is attached to the frame. These devices from the scattered hay form a roll. A front portal (12) with a bottom plate (15) of the fifth wheel and a rear portal (14) with hydraulic cylinders (16) and a traverse (17) are mounted on the frame. A crane runway (18) is installed on the slab and the traverse, consisting of a load-bearing part (19) and a retractable part (20). A gantry crane (21) is installed on the crane runway, which can move along the longitudinal axis of the harvester. The electric hoist (24), mounted on the gantry crane beam, moves across the longitudinal axis of the combine, allowing the bale to be moved to the desired location on the trailer load platform (29). The operator, pulling out the extendable part of the crane runway and lowering it onto the carriages (31) of the rear struts (30) of the trailer (29), has the ability to load the towed trailer with rolls. and feeds into the bale chamber, forms a roll, loads the transport trolley with rolls in a stack. The technical result from the use of the utility model: increased labor productivity when harvesting hay-straw materials in rolls for the winter period.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, namely to the field of forage harvesters for harvesting forage for the winter.

Known is a trailed device for loading hay and straw bales, rolls, including a one-piece frame on two wheel pairs, horizontal and inclined conveyors and a drive, the conveyors are installed on a rotating platform, which is a turntable, while the inclined conveyor is made in two sections, and the conveyors contain racks - plates in which the gripping pins are installed (see patent No. RU 130475 IPC A01D 61/02 publ: 07/27/2013)

The disadvantage of this device is the discharge from the inclined conveyor of the bale or roll into the vehicle without stacking.

The closest to the claimed technical solution in terms of a set of essential features is a machine for harvesting hay and straw materials in rolls. The machine includes a frame with wheels. A pick-up, a cylindrical bale chamber of constant volume and a device for loading the bale chamber in the form of a drum ramming device are mounted on the frame. The bale chamber has opening and pressing mechanisms, bale wrapping and unloading mechanisms. A frame is attached to the frame, equipped with swivel wheels, a pitched board, a conveyor and a hitch. The conveyor includes bale grippers, driving and driven rollers. Each bale gripper is mounted in bearings. The conveyor is equipped with limiters for turning the bale gripper. A transport trolley is attached to the towing device, (see patent No. RU 2700874 IPC A01F 15/07 published on 23.09.2019)

The disadvantage of this machine is the lack of mechanized stacking of rolls over the entire area of the transport trolley.

The task is to create a design of a combine that collects scattered hay across the field into a roll, feed the roll to the press, pressing into a roll, stacking rolls on a trailed transport trolley.

The technical result is an increase in labor productivity when harvesting hay and straw materials in rolls.

The task is solved in the following way. A forage harvester containing a frame with wheels on which the pick-up is mounted, a cylindrical bale chamber of constant volume with an opening and pressing mechanism, a bale strapping and unloading mechanism and a device for loading the bale chamber, a towing device to which a transport trolley is attached, are additionally attached to the frame pushing bars with rake-tedders, front and rear portals with a crane runway and a gantry crane are mounted on the frame. The design of the loading device allows loading the transport cart over the entire area of the loading platform.

The technical solution of the claimed utility model is illustrated by drawings:

FIG. 1 - the basic structure of the forage harvester.

FIG. 2 - front view

FIG. 3 - top view (layout of components and assemblies).

FIG. 4 - transport position of the forage harvester.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the crane runway.

FIG. 6 is a kinematic diagram of a gantry crane.

The forage harvester (Fig. 1) contains a frame 1 on the spar of which the engine 2 is attached (Fig. 3). The clutch 3 of the drive of the hydrostatic transmission of the drive axle 4 is installed on the toe of the crankshaft. The clutch 5 of the drive of the working bodies is installed on the shank of the crankshaft. The clutches are controlled by the combiner from the cab 6. Pushing bars 7 are pivotally installed on the frame side members, which are connected to the rake-tedders 8. A roll press 9 is installed on the frame in the slots, to which the inclined chamber 10 with the pick-up 11 is hingedly attached. The front portal 12 is attached to the frame. fastened by braces 13 (Fig. 4) with the rear portal 14. The lower plate of the saddle device 15 (Fig. 1) is installed on the traverse of the front portal. Hydraulic cylinders 16 are installed on the rear portal, which are connected to the rear traverse 17. A crane runway 18 is installed on the saddle, consisting of a supporting part 19 and a sliding part 20. A gantry crane 21 is installed on the crane runway equipped with an operator's cab 22, hydraulic cylinders 23, an electric hoist 24 (Fig. 2) with a hook device. A transfer case 25 (Fig. 3), a generator 26, a hydraulic pump 27, a hitch 28 are attached to the frame. Trailer 29 contains rear struts 30 (Fig. 1) with carriages 31.

The bearing part of the crane runway contains a channel 32 (Fig. 5) along which a roller 33 mounted on the axis 34 of the gantry crane rack 35 and channels 36 can move. crane 35, rigidly fixed to the truss axle 38 with rollers 39.

The kinematic diagram (Fig. 6) of loading rolls onto a vehicle contains a generator 26, a control panel 40, a sliding part 20. Electric motor 41, gearbox 42, traction drum 43, cable 44, block 45, tensioner 46, gantry crane 21, electric engine 47, gearbox 48, traction drum 49, cable 50, block 51, tensioner 52, trailer carriage 24, electric motor 53, gearbox 54, traction drum 55, cable 56, block 57, tensioner 58.

The forage harvester works in a field with scattered hay as follows. The working bodies with a mechanical drive are powered from the engine through the clutch 5 and the transfer case 25. The hydraulic pump receives a rotational motion from the transfer case if the working bodies with a hydraulic drive are installed. The power cylinders for lifting the crane runway, transferring the working bodies from the transport position to the working position and vice versa are powered by a hydraulic pump installed on the engine. When the combine moves, rotary rake-tedders 8 (or wheel-finger tedders rake-tedders) form a swath. The pick-up 11 delivers hay to the floating conveyor of the feeder chamber 10. The hay falls on the bale mechanism of the roll press 9. The formed bale rolls out onto the frame 1. The harvester moves the harvester in reverse (Fig. 4) and hooks up the trailer 29 with the towing device 28. The operator from the gantry cab 22 the crane actuates the hydraulic cylinders 19 and the traverse 17 raises the crane runway 18. Turns on from the control panel (Fig. 6) 40 powered from the generator 26 an electric motor 41. Through the gearbox 42, rotation is transmitted to the traction drum 43 with a wound cable 44, one end of which is fixed to the body the retractable part of the crane runway at the front and the other end of the cable thrown over the block 45 with the tensioner 46 is attached at the rear. Pulling out the sliding part to the end position, the crane runway is lowered onto the carriages 31. The hydraulic cylinders move in. The gantry crane with the help of the hydraulic cylinder 23 is transferred from the transport position to the working one. The operator turns on the electric motor 47 torque, from which is transmitted through the gearbox 48 to the traction drum 49 with a wound cable. One end of this cable is attached to the frame of the gantry crane at the front and the other end of the cable, which is thrown over block 51 with tensioner 52 at the rear. The gantry crane moves along the crane runway from the press to the rear pillars of the trailer. The electric motor 53 through the gearbox 54 transmits rotation to the traction drum 55 with the wound cable 56. One end of this cable is attached to the right side of the electric hoist and the other end, thrown over the block 57 with the tensioner 58 to the left side. A roll of hay rolled out of the press is lifted by an electric hoist and the gantry crane, having moved it to the trailer, lowers it onto the left or right side of the loading platform. The electric motors are connected in reverse, the cycle repeats.

Claims (1)

A forage harvester containing a frame with wheels on which a pick-up is mounted, a cylindrical bale chamber of constant volume, having an opening and pressing mechanism, a bale strapping and unloading mechanism and a bale chamber loading device, a towing device to which a transport cart is connected, characterized in that that push bars with rake-tedders are attached to the frame, and front and rear portals with a crane runway and a gantry crane are mounted on the frame.

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