RU2074742C1 - Hypoxicator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical treatment and prophylaxis of disoaces, sportsmen's coaching, storage of agricultural products and museum exhibits. SUBSTANCE: hypoxicator comprises gas separating module consisting of two in-series connected membrane modules and two compressors, one of which is connected to gas separating module, and the other - to air intake vent of first compressor and to outlet of last membrane module. Gas separating module, both compressors, gate valve and flow transducer are housed by casing whose inlet branch pipe is communicated with air intake vent of first (main) compressor, while its outlet branch pipe is connected by one end to station for connection to consumer, and by its other end, via gate valve and flow transducer, is connected to first outlet of last membrane module. EFFECT: highly effective means for providing desired atmosphere. 16 cl, 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to medicine and storage of agricultural products and museum valuables. The invention can be used to create a hypoxic gas mixture, i.e., a mixture with a low oxygen content, which is used to treat and prevent a number of diseases, to train athletes, and also as a gas medium in fruit and vegetable stores, museum rooms, etc. P.

 Known devices for storing fruits in the form of a chamber with a refrigeration unit, a humidifier and ventilation holes through which an appropriate medium can be supplied to the chamber from a balloon gas source.

 However, the need to use gas cylinders makes such devices expensive, non-autonomous and creates inconvenience for the user.

 Also known is a resuscitation unit containing two pressure chambers with means for breathing inlet from independent sources, pressure gauges, a humidifier, means for maintaining air temperature, corresponding connecting pipes and valves (see US patent N 4481938, class A 61 H 31/02, 1984).

 The disadvantage of this installation is also the autonomy, the dependence on the presence of gas cylinders, as well as significant dimensions.

 Also known is a hyperbaric chamber, which, provided a mixture with a low oxygen content is supplied to it, can be used as a hypoxicator (see US Pat. No. 4,296,743, class A 61 H 31/02, 1981). The chamber includes a housing with nozzles, valves, a timer, an amplifier, a humidifier, a flow sensor and a pressure sensor, all of these elements being mechanical and the only source of energy is the gas pressure supplied from the mixer.

 However, this device also has the same disadvantages due to the use of balloon sources of the gas mixture: high mass and dimensions, autonomy, high operating costs.

 Closest to the proposed device is a device for climatotherapy (see AS USSR N 1526688, class A 61 G 10/00, 1989), containing a pressure source made in the form of a main compressor in communication with a gas separation module made in the form sequentially connected gas separation membrane modules with two outputs, the first of which is connected through a valve installed at the inlet of the flow sensor with means for supplying the hypoxic mixture to the consumer.

 However, this device also has the same disadvantages, high mass and dimensions, high operating costs, low gas separation efficiency.

 Thus, the technical result expected from the use of the invention is the creation of a small-sized autonomous and inexpensive hypoxicator.

 This result is achieved by the fact that the known hypoxicator containing a pressure source, a gas separation module, a valve and a flow sensor, is equipped with a movable housing with one inlet and two outlet pipes, a vacuum compressor, the air intake of which is in communication with the second output of the last membrane module, and the output of the vacuum compressor with an air intake main compressor, which significantly increases the efficiency of gas separation. The indicated result is also achieved by the specific features of the implementation of the membrane module itself, which, unlike the known solutions, where the gas separation elements are made in the form of polymer membranes in the form of a hollow fiber, is made in the form of a package of gas-tight gaskets, elastic plate diaphragms and gas separation membranes on porous gaskets.

 In this case, the hypoxicator may be equipped with a filter and / or humidifier installed between the gas separation module and the corresponding outlet pipe of the housing.

 It is recommended that the hypoxicator be equipped with a fan installed to blow the main and vacuum compressors.

 In addition, the hypoxicator flow sensor is equipped with a dial placed on the case.

 In this case, the membrane element can be made in the form of a cylindrical body with corresponding inlet and two outlet nozzles, one of which is connected to the axial collector channel of a package of gas-tight gaskets, elastic disk diaphragms with a profiled central hole and gas separation membranes mounted on porous gaskets.

 In addition, the axial collector channel can be made in the form of a hollow support cylinder with side openings.

 It is recommended that the cup diaphragms be concave towards the inlet pipe of the membrane module housing.

 It is also advisable to perform plate-shaped diaphragms profiled with bilateral protrusions. In addition, the hypoxicator can be equipped with bushings with side flanges, between which plate-shaped diaphragms of the respective packages are placed.

 In this case, the bushings can be made with axial double-sided protrusions located on their inner surface.

 It is also advisable to perform side flanges of the sleeves with an annular groove for gas-tight gaskets.

 It is recommended that plate-shaped diaphragms be made of polystyrene.

 In addition, porous gaskets can be made of cermet.

 In this case, the gas separation membrane can be made of polyvinyltrimethylsilane.

 It is also recommended that the membrane module housing be made of fiberglass.

 In addition, the means for connecting the hypoxicator to the consumer can be made in the form of a mask.

 In FIG. 1 and 2 are functional diagrams of two hypoxicator options used for medical purposes and for storing agricultural products, respectively; figure 3 is a section of a membrane module; Fig.5.5 sleeve (side view and cross section).

 Shown in FIG. 1, the hypoxicator comprises series-connected compressor 1, a gas separation module 2, a filter 3, a valve 4 and a flow sensor 5. Elements 1 5 together with a fan 6 can be installed in a movable housing 7 with an inlet pipe 8, an output oxygen pipe 9 and an output nitrogen pipe 10 .

 In the device shown in Fig. 2, the gas separation module is made in the form of two membrane modules 11, 12. At the output of module 12, a humidifier 13 is turned on. The hypoxicator also contains a compressor 14 and a vacuum compressor 15, the air intake of which is connected to the oxygen pipe of module 12 (the second outlet pipe of the last membrane module). The outlet pipe 16 may be connected to the camera 17.

 The membrane module (Fig. 3) is placed in a cylindrical housing 18 with bases 19, 20, an inlet pipe 21 and an outlet pipe 22, 23. The latter pipe is a continuation of the collector channel of the bag located in the cavity of the housing 18 coaxially with it. The specified package can be held by a support cylinder 24 with holes in the location of the porous gaskets or bushings 24. The package is formed by gas-tight gaskets 25, bushes 26 on which are installed elastic disk diaphragms 27 and porous gaskets 28, on the surface of which gas separation membranes (not shown) are located.

 The bushings 26 are in the form of a ring with flanges 29 and inner bilateral protrusions 30. An annular groove 31 is made on the flanges 29.

 The output pipe 10 (figure 1) can be connected to the mask 32.

 Figure 2 also shows that the output pressure of the compressor 14 is P1, and the procedures indicate the nitrogen content in the mixture.

 A feature of the proposed hypoxicator is that the elements of the hypoxicator are located in a movable housing, and the use of a vacuum compressor and its connection with the oxygen outlet of the last membrane module, as well as the use of a membrane module in the form of a package of gas-tight gaskets and gas separation membranes, as well as the use of a flow sensor 5, which is graduated together with the compressor and gas separation module, can significantly increase the efficiency of gas separation, reduce weight, size you and the cost of the device.

 The filter 3 and humidifier 13 can be installed at the output of the flow sensor 5.

 The diaphragms 27 are plates with a round central opening and adjacent peripheral openings evenly spaced for air passage as close as possible to the axis of the plate. The diaphragm 27 can also be made with one central hole of complex shape, for example, in the form of a circle with protrusions or depressions that resemble a daisy flower in shape. Bilateral protrusions (not shown in the drawing) are evenly spaced along the surface of the diaphragm 27.

 The above materials for the manufacture of module elements are optimal to achieve the above result, but can be replaced by similar ones. For example, polyvinyl chloride or rubber can be used instead of polystyrene, foam or polyurethane can be used instead of cermet, and membranes can be made from polysiloxane arylate or polymethylpentet. Of course, in the composition of the hypoxicator can be used in another membrane gas separation module from among the known (see, for example, French patent N 9006316, CL B 01 D 46/54, 1990). However, the use of the above module is preferable, since it provides a high degree of separation, high productivity of the device as a whole, and also allows you to most accurately associate the composition of the mixture with gas flow.

 As appears from the foregoing (Figs. 1-5), the gas separation module is one or more membrane modules connected in series. Hypoxicator works as follows. The compressor 1 (14) draws air through the pipe 8 and delivers it to the cavity of the gas separation module 2 through the pipe 21 of the membrane module 11 under a pressure P1 exceeding atmospheric pressure. As air passes through the openings of the diaphragms 27 and over the gaskets 28, oxygen penetrates through the gas separation membranes into the collector channel and the air enriched with oxygen through the pipe 23 of the membrane module 11 enters the outlet pipe 9 of the hypoxicator housing, and the air enriched with nitrogen enters through the outlet pipe 22 of the module 11 to the inlet pipe 21 of the membrane module 12. As the gas mixture passes through the gas separation elements of module 12, its further gas separation occurs, similar to how it occurs in module 11, only the collector channel of module 12, through the outlet pipe 23 of module 12 is connected to the air intake of the vacuum compressor 15, the outlet of which is connected to the air intake of the main compressor 14. The gas mixture is even more enriched with nitrogen through the filter 3 and / or humidifier 13 from the pipe 22 module 12 is fed into the mask 32 or chamber 17. Moreover, the elasticity of the diaphragms 27 and their shape contributes to the laminar passage of the gas mixture through the cavity of the housing 18 and at the same time allows module 1 to withstand overloads when the compressor is connected a 1 (14). The shape of the bushings 26 fixing the diaphragms 27 in the bag also contributes to this.

 When testing a hypoxicator, the nitrogen concentration at the outlet of the gas separation membrane module 12 reached 98%. A change in the composition of the output mixture of the hypoxicator is provided by a decrease in the outlet pressure of compressor 1 (14) and is controlled by sensor 5.

 Thus, the proposed hypoxicator can be successfully used in medicine and sports medicine, in agriculture and other fields, since it is an inexpensive and compact source of enriched and oxygen-depleted air.

Claims (16)

1. A hypoxicator containing a pressure source, made in the form of a main compressor in communication with a gas separation module, made in the form of series-connected membrane modules with two outputs, the first of which is connected with the second output of the last membrane module through a valve installed at the inlet of the flow sensor, and the output of the vacuum compressor
with the air intake of the main compressor, while both compressors, a gas separation module, a valve and a flow sensor are placed in the housing, the inlet of which is in communication with the air inlet of the main compressor, one of the outlet pipes of the casing with the second output of the first membrane module, and the second output pipe with one end connected to means of connecting to the consumer, and others through the valve and flow sensor with the first output of the last membrane module.  2. The hypoxicator according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a filter and / or humidifier installed between the gas separation module and the corresponding outlet pipe of the housing.  3. Hypoxicator according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it is equipped with a fan installed with the possibility of blowing the main and vacuum compressors.  4. The hypoxicator according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the flow sensor of the hypoxicator is equipped with a dial placed on the case.  5. Hypoxicator according to paragraphs. 1 to 4, characterized in that the membrane module is made in the form of a cylindrical body with inlet and two outlet nozzles, the first of which is connected to the axial collector channel of the package of gas-tight gaskets, elastic disk diaphragms with a profiled central hole and gas separation membranes mounted on porous gaskets.  6. The hypoxicator according to claim 5, characterized in that the axial collector channel is made in the form of a hollow support cylinder with side holes.  7. The hypoxicator according to claim 5, characterized in that the disk-shaped diaphragms are concave towards the inlet pipe of the membrane module housing.  8. The hypoxicator according to claim 5, characterized in that the disk-shaped diaphragms are made profiled with bilateral protrusions.  9. The hypoxicator according to claim 5, characterized in that it is provided with bushings with side flanges, between which plate-shaped diaphragms of the respective packets are placed.  10. The hypoxicator according to claim 9, characterized in that the bushings are made with axial bilateral protrusions located on their inner surface.  11. The hypoxicator according to claim 9, characterized in that the side flanges of the bushings are made with an annular groove for gas-tight gaskets.  12. The hypoxicator according to claim 5, characterized in that the disk-shaped diaphragms are made of polystyrene.  13. The hypoxicator according to claim 5, characterized in that the porous gaskets are made of cermet.  14. The hypoxicator according to claim 5, characterized in that the gas separation membrane is made of polyvinyltrimethylsilane.  15. The hypoxicator according to claim 5, characterized in that the housing of the membrane module is made of fiberglass.  16. Hypoxicator according to paragraphs. 1 to 15, characterized in that the means for connecting to the consumer is made in the form of a mask.

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