RU207184U1 - WORKING BODY FOR SEEDING BULK MATERIALS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to working bodies for surface application of mineral fertilizers, lime and other bulk materials. The technical result of the utility model is an increase in the working width while increasing the uniformity of distribution of bulk materials over the surface of the field. The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the blades are made of elastic material and penetrate to a small depth inside the cylinders, adjoining their walls, the cylinders are attached to the disk at the end closest to the center of the disk using a horizontal hinge, at the end farthest from the center of the disk by means of a screw support adjustable in height, and outside of all cylinders , along their entire length, from the side facing in the direction of rotation of the disks, vertically flat blades are welded to the disk, with a height equal to the outer radius of the cylinders. with cylinders, parallel to the axis of which guides of different widths are installed inside, and a reflector, the lower end of the generatrix of which is tangent to the surface of the disk, and the blades are made of elastic material and enter the inside of the cylinders to a small depth, adjoining their walls, the cylinders are attached to the disk at the nearest to the center of the disc end using a horizontal hinge, at the end far from the center of the disc by means of a height-adjustable screw support, and outside of all cylinders, along their entire length, from the side facing in the direction of rotation of the discs, vertically flat blades are welded to the disc with a height equal to the outer radius of the cylinders.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to working bodies for surface application of mineral fertilizers, lime and other bulk materials.

Known working body for sieving bulk material [Inventor's certificate RU patent No. 2177218, IPC class. А01С 17/00, B65G 31/04, Е01С 19/20, 2001], containing a centrifugal disk with blades and a reflector attached to the central part of the disk, consisting of central and peripheral cones installed concentrically relative to each other, made along epicycloids, and the lower end the branch of the generatrix of the central cone is tangent to the surface of the disk, and the upper one is tangent to the axis of rotation of the disk.

The disadvantage of this device is that it does not provide a large sifting width and sufficient uniformity of distribution over the surface of the field, since when the bulk material is fed to the centrifugal disk, unloading occurs in the lower part of the central cone, which leads to additional friction and crushing of the material.

The closest analogue to the claimed is a working body for sieving bulk materials [Inventor's certificate RU patent No. 186782, IPC class. А01С 17/00, 2019], containing a centrifugal disk with blades, the outer planes of the ends of which are connected to cylinders, parallel to the axis of which guides of different widths are installed inside, and a reflector, the lower end of the generatrix of which is tangent to the surface of the disk.

The disadvantage of this design is the insufficient capture width with a low uniformity of distribution of bulk materials over the surface of the field, since that part of the bulk material that, having come off the reflector, did not hit the plane of the blades, moves along the plane of the disk along the outer base of the pipe in a dense flow, with the possibility of sticking, and does not fan vertically when coming off the disc. Another part of the bulk material, descending from the reflector on the blades, moves from them along the guides inside the cylinders and comes off each guide, forming a fan with only a constant angle of inclination to the horizon, without the possibility of its optimal regulation for various operating conditions.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the width of capture while increasing the uniformity of distribution of bulk materials over the surface of the field.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the blades are made of elastic material and penetrate to a small depth inside the cylinders, adjoining their walls, the cylinders are attached to the disc at the end closest to the center of the disc using a horizontal hinge, at the end far from the center of the disc by means of an adjustable the height of the screw support, and outside of all the cylinders, along their entire length, from the side facing in the direction of rotation of the disks, vertically flat blades are welded to the disk with a height equal to the outer radius of the cylinders.

The specified set of essential features ensures the emergence of the claimed working body for sieving bulk materials of new properties, different from the prototype.

Thus, the declared features of a utility model meet the “novelty” criterion.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a working body for sieving bulk materials, side view; in fig. 2 - the same, top view; in fig. 3 - section a-a in Fig. 2.

A working body for sieving bulk materials, containing a centrifugal disk 1 with blades 5, the outer planes of the ends of which are connected to cylinders 3, parallel to the axis of which guides 7 of various widths are installed inside, and a reflector 6, the lower end of the generatrix of which is tangent to the surface of the disk 1, and the blades 2 are made of elastic material and penetrate to a small depth inside the cylinders 3, adjoining their walls, the cylinders 3 are attached to the disc 1 at the end closest to the center of the disc using a horizontal hinge 4, at the end farthest from the center of the disc by means of a height-adjustable screw support 8 , and outside all cylinders, along their entire length, from the side facing in the direction of rotation of the disks, vertically flat blades 2 are welded to the disk, with a height equal to the outer radius of the cylinders 3.

The work of the working body for sieving bulk materials is carried out as follows.

Before work, based on the type of bulk materials, their physical and mechanical properties and external conditions, lengthening or shortening the screw supports 8, set the optimal angle of inclination of the cylinders 3 to the horizon, which ensures the maximum width of capture and the greatest uniformity of sieving. These angles for various conditions are determined experimentally. Alternatively, each cylinder can have a different tilt angle.

In operation, when the bulk material is fed to the reflector 6, rotating together with the disk 1, the material particles, due to the frictional forces on the surface of the reflector 6, acquire a peripheral speed and under the influence of centrifugal forces one part of them fly off the surface of the reflector 6 onto the blades 5. Further Bulk material together with the air flow is picked up by the blades 5 and distributed by them on the surface of the cylinders 3 in height, passing in an even layer along the inner surface of the cylinders 3 and guides 7 having different widths, with the air flow it is distributed over the surface of the field. The crushing of particles of bulk material during movement does not occur, since they are preliminarily accelerated on the reflector 6 in the direction of rotation of the blades 5, and their meeting with the blades 5 occurs at a low relative speed. The preliminary acceleration of particles of bulk material along the guides under the action of centrifugal force and air flow contributes to an increase in the absolute speed of their departure from the ends of the guides 2, as well as the optimal angle of inclination of the particle velocity vector to the horizon when they fly off provide an increase in their flight range with an increase in the uniformity of sieving.

The other part of the particles, due to the sliding of the layers of bulk material against each other, does not fall on the blades 5, but moves along the plane of the disk 1 and comes into contact with the flat blades 2, continuing to move along them until they leave the disk 1. The flat shape of the blades 2 reduces, in comparison with the prototype, the probability of adhesion of particles and allows them to descend with a partial formation of a fan in the vertical plane, which also increases the range and uniformity of sieving.

Thus, the claimed technical result is achieved.

Sources of information:

1. Copyright certificate RU patent No. 2177218, IPC class. А01С 17/00, B65G 31/04, Е01С 19/20, 2001.

2. Copyright certificate RU patent No. 186782, IPC class. А01С 17/00, 2019.

Claims (1)

A working body for sieving bulk materials, containing a centrifugal disk with blades, the outer planes of the ends of which are connected to cylinders, parallel to the axis of which guides of different widths are installed inside, and a reflector, the lower end of the generatrix of which is tangent to the surface of the disk, characterized in that the blades are made of elastic material and to a small depth enter the inside of the cylinders, adjoining their walls, the cylinders are attached to the disk at the end closest to the center of the disk by means of a horizontal hinge, at the end farthest from the center of the disk by means of a height-adjustable screw support, and outside of all cylinders, along their entire length, from the side facing in the direction of rotation of the disks, vertically flat blades are welded to the disk, with a height equal to the outer radius of the cylinders.

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