RU2070371C1 - Sugar beets growing method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method involves presowing seed treatment with Furandan. This treatment is given only to some seeds to be sown while other seeds remain untreated. The treated seeds are sown as a separate row, and their sowing depth is 3.0-3.5 cm. Untreated seeds are sown concurrently, and their sowing depth is 1.5-2.0 times the sowing depth of treated seeds. One row of Furandan-treated seeds is arranged near ever 10-12 rows of untreated seeds. EFFECT: higher method efficacy. 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to methods for cultivating sugar beets.

A known method of cultivating sugar beets, including appropriate soil preparation, sowing and spraying seedlings to control pests with insecticides [1]
The disadvantage of this method is the spraying of seedlings with insecticides, which pollutes the environment with harmful substances and reduces yield. In addition, additional costs are required to spray seedlings with insecticides, which reduces productivity.

The prototype is a method of cultivating beets, including the preliminary treatment of seeds with furadan and their sowing. Furadan provides high toxicity of seedlings, which allows you to do without spraying them with insecticides to control pests [2]
The disadvantage of the prototype is the treatment for toxicity of seedlings of all seeds furadan sown on the area. Furadan is an expensive and highly toxic drug that, when sowing treated seeds over the entire area, increases the risk of poisoning of people working on crops and weeding seedlings; Furadan inhibits the initial development of seedlings, which reduces the yield. In addition, the treatment of all seeds sown on the area of furadan increases its costs and the cost of processing large batches of seeds, which reduces the effectiveness of the method.

 The aim of the present invention is to increase the efficiency of the method.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in a method that includes pre-treatment of seeds with furadan and sowing, furadan is used to treat part of the sowing rate of seeds, sowing of which is carried out in a separate row at an optimum seeding depth of 3 35 cm simultaneously with the main sowing with conventional seeds, the seeding depth of which is 1.5 2 times more furadanovyh, and a separate row with furadanovymi seeds are placed on the area every 10 12 rows with ordinary seeds.

 With finer seed placement, beet seedlings first appear on rows with seeds treated with furadan, and then on the main, deeper sowing. Pests from all over the field gather for early beet sprouts and die from the toxicity of furadan, and therefore, by the time the beet sprouts appear on the main crop, they disappear and do not harm the crop. It was experimentally established that the complete destruction of all pests is observed when a separate row with furadan seeds is located on the area every 10 12 rows with ordinary (without furadan treatment) seeds, with a row spacing of 45 cm. With a further increase in this distance between rows with furadan by seeds, part of the pests remained until emergence on the main crop and damaged beets.

 Significance of differences and novelty. There is no way to cultivate sugar beets, including the distinctive features of the claimed, i.e. pretreatment of part of the norm of sowing seeds with furadan and sowing them in separate rows at the optimum seeding depth simultaneously with the main sowing with ordinary seeds, the seeding depth of which is 1.5 2 times more than furadan seeds, and a separate row with furadan seeds is placed on the area every 10 12 rows with conventional seeds, which allows us to conclude that the method meets the criteria of the inventions "Novelty" and "Significant differences".

 Example.

 Sowing sugar beets was carried out on the final density of planting with a twelve-row seeder CST-B. Through the middle sixth from the edge, the sowing coulter of the seeder was constantly sown with furadan seeds to an optimum seeding depth of 3.5 cm, through the remaining coulters the seeds were sown without treatment with furadan, but to a depth of 6.7 cm.

 Beet sprouts in furadan rows appeared on May 12, and on the rest on May 17, i.e. in 5 days. By the time seedlings appeared on the main crop, there were no pests, and therefore spraying of the seedlings with insecticides was not required to control them.

 For comparison, in the adjacent plot, the sowing was carried out only with furadan seeds. The results of accounting for the yield of beet root crops are shown in the table.

 The advantages of the proposed method are the economical consumption of expensive furadan seeds (their consumption is reduced by 10 or more times), reducing the cost of processing the drug with small batches of seeds. The degree of furadan contamination of the soil and the environment is reduced, the risk of poisoning by people working in the beet field with a toxic drug is reduced. At the same time, due to a decrease in the consumption for sowing furadan seeds and an increase in the sowing area with ordinary seeds, the yield and sugar content of root crops are increased.

 The proposed method can be widely used in all beet-growing regions of the country and give a great economic effect.

Information sources
1. Sugar beet. Fundamentals of agricultural technology under. by the editors. V.F. Zubenko. Kiev: Harvest, 1979, p. 243.

 2. Practical recommendations on sugar beet production technology in modern conditions. Agropromizdat of the Kursk region, Kursk, 1987, p. 57 58.

Claims (1)

 A method of cultivating beets, including treating seeds with furadin and sowing, characterized in that furadin is treated with part of the norm for sowing seeds and sowing treated seeds to a depth of 3 3.5 cm through 10 12 rows, and sowing untreated seeds is carried out to a depth of 1.5 2 times more than processed.