RU206782U1 - A device for silent and flameless firing of weapons with a small unmasking effect with an energy-absorbing inclusion - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to defense technology and is aimed at improving silent firing devices (SBS) for weapons with a small unmasking effect (OMDD), namely, suppressing sound and flame when fired. consisting of a body located in front of the muzzle of the barrel, steel diaphragms with a central hole for the movement of the bullet (separator), inhibiting the powder gases inside the body. The design of the device for silent and flameless firing has an annular cavity - a shell made of steel mesh with a mesh pitch of 1 × 1 mm, filled with heat-resistant basalt fiber, which is installed on the perforated part of the rifle barrel, while the lowest intensity of sound and flame formation is provided with a gap of 2- 3mm between heat-resistant basalt fiber and perforated barrel. Basalt fiber is fixed in a steel mesh cylinder, pressed from both sides by fixing bushings, which excludes its axial displacement. with heat absorption. The sublimation process takes place in the fiber, and it, from the solid state, bypassing the liquid phase, passes into the gaseous state and, together with the powder gases through the PBS casing, enters the environment. As a result of the extraction of thermal energy, the temperature and pressure of the powder gases entering the PBS separator decrease. The technical result is the preservation of sound parameters (loudness), and a decrease in flame, namely, the cooling of the temperature of the powder gases to 800 K, which is lower than the glow temperature of combustion products and , therefore, the possibility of the occurrence of a flame when fired from an OMDD is excluded.

Description

The utility model relates to defense technology and is aimed at improving silent firing devices (SBS) for weapons with a low unmasking effect (OMDD), namely, suppressing sound and flame when fired.

The minimum values of the intensity of sound (loudness) and flame formation (fieryness) of a shot are tactical characteristics of weapons with a small unmasking effect (OMDD), which determine the possibility of successfully completing the assigned fire mission. In practice, this means the fulfillment of the condition of secrecy of the fact of the shot and the location of the shooter (sniper).

Of the latest domestic developments in the field of ODMD, it should be noted PBS for the special sniper rifle (VSS) "Vintorez". In this weapon, the PBS is connected to the barrel, of a conventional type, with gas flow swirlers. Powder gases enter the PBS cavity through a series of fan-shaped holes in the barrel wall. In the expansion chamber, the pressure is released, then the gases are separated into counterflows and finally cooled. This sample of OMDD has a subsonic initial bullet speed (290 m / s), which is essential for reducing the sound level when fired.

Known designs of similar PBS to OMDD, such as "Device for silent firing of a jet-active type" for a utility model patent No. 116212, publ. 05/20/2012, F41A 21/30 [1], "Silencer for small arms" for utility model patent No. 65635, publ. 08/10/2007, F41A 21/30 [2], and "Silencer for small arms with a small unmasking effect" for a utility model patent No. 66802, publ. 09/27/2007, F 41А21 / 30 [3] designed to reduce the tactical parameter of OMDD - the volume of the shot.

For the prototype of the invention was taken "Device of silent firing of a jet-active type" patented by a patent for a useful model No. 116212, publ. 05/20/2012 In all of the above designs of the PBS and in the selected prototype, including there is a major drawback. The main emphasis in these utility models has been on reducing the magnitude of sound intensity. The intensity of the reduction of flame formation remained insufficient and was a priority area for further research in this area. Along with this, when firing from small arms equipped with such a PBS (prototype), erosive washing out of the basalt fiber by a shot jet occurs, which reduces its resource and leads to a limited number of shots.

The purpose of the utility model is to reduce the magnitude of the flame formation (flaming) of a shot from an OMDD while maintaining the same characteristics of the sound intensity (loudness) when firing from an OMDD.

This goal is achieved by installing an annular cavity on the perforated area of the rifle barrel - a shell made of steel mesh with a pitch of 1 × 1 mm, and filled with heat-resistant basalt fiber. Basalt fiber is fixed in a steel mesh cylinder, which is pressed from both sides by fixing sleeves, which exclude its axial movement. The principle of fixation and installation is similar to the installation of the separator in the PBS housing. The same principle of separator installation is implemented in VSS Vintorez [4]. The geometric characteristics of the rifle barrel, declared by PBS and the prototype, remain the same. This technical solution will ensure the preservation of sound parameters (loudness), and reduce the flame (temperature of the powder gases) when firing from the OMDD.

Namely, when powder gases interact with heat-resistant basalt fiber, a chemical reaction of the endothermic type occurs, i.e. with heat absorption. The process of sublimation takes place in the fiber, and it, from the solid state bypassing the liquid phase, passes into the gaseous state and, together with the propellant gases through the PBS casing, enters the environment. As a result of heat extraction, there is a decrease in the temperature and pressure of the powder gases entering the PBS separator.

The use of a shell with heat-resistant basalt fiber in the form of a separate removable block allows the use of PBS in individual cases (counter-terrorist operation in a village) and in a normal firing mode.

The structural diagram of the prototype "Reactive-type silent firing device" is shown in FIG. 1. It consists of basalt fiber 1, shell body 2, outer casing PBS 3.

The structural diagram of the OMDD silent and flameless firing device with an energy-absorbing material is shown in Fig. 2. An annular cavity is installed on the perforated area of the rifle barrel 4 - a shell 5 made of steel mesh with a pitch of 1x1 mm and filled with heat-resistant basalt fiber 6. When the powder gases interact with heat-resistant basalt fiber, a chemical reaction of the endothermic type occurs, i.e. with heat absorption. The process of sublimation takes place in the fiber, and it, from the solid state bypassing the liquid phase, passes into the gaseous state and, together with the propellant gases through the outer casing 7 of the PBS, enters the environment. As a result of heat extraction, there is a decrease in the temperature and pressure of the powder gases entering the separator 8 PBS. The shell body 5 is pressed on both sides by the fixing sleeves 9, 10.

FIG. 3 shows a shell, in the form of a removable block of steel mesh, filled with basalt fiber. Basalt fiber 11 is fixed in the shell of the shell 12, which is pressed from both sides by the fixing bushings 13, 14, excluding its axial movement. The principle of fixation and installation is similar to the installation of the separator in the PBS housing.

.FIG. 4 shows the dependence of the intensity of sound generation on the filling of PBS with heat-resistant basalt fiber at various values of the viscosity of the powder gases. The lowest sound intensity was observed with a small gap (about 2-3 mm) between the basalt fiber and the hole with holes. The coincidence of theoretical results with experimental results is observed when the viscosity of the powder gases

...

Note that such a viscosity for air is realized at temperatures of the order of 1800 - 2000 ° C and a pressure of 15⋅10 ⁶ - 20⋅10 ⁶ Pa.

The results of numerical studies have shown that the intensity of sound (loudness) from PBS to OMDD with energy-absorbing material retains the same characteristics as in its prototype. In the proposed design of the PBS for the OMDD with an energy-absorbing material, the powder gases upon expansion in additional chambers are cooled to a temperature equal to 800 K, which is lower than the glow temperature of the combustion products and, therefore, the possibility of a flame arising when firing from the OMDD is excluded.

This technical solution ensured the preservation of the sound parameters (loudness), and reduced the flame (temperature of the powder gases) when fired from the OMDD by the above value.

Sources of information

1. Kurkov SN, Golovanov OA, Kurkov DS, Ustinov EM, Kubekin DN .. A device for silent and flameless firing of a jet-active type. - FIPS. Utility model patent No. 116212 (prototype).

2. Kurkov SN, Grachev II, Golovanov OA. ,, Grachev AI, Ustinov EM .. Silencer for small arms. - FIPS. Utility model patent No. 65635.

3. Kurkov SN, Grachev II, Golovanov OA, Grachev AI, Ustinov EM .. Silencer for small arms with a small unmasking effect. - FIPS. Utility model patent No. 66802.

4. Service manual for the special VSS "Vintorez" sniper rifle, TsNIITOCHMASH JSC.

5. Ivanushkin V.V., Kurkov S.N. Conceptual foundations for creating silent firing devices for weapons with a small unmasking effect. Sat. Proceedings of 20 VNPK RARAN "Topical issues of protection and security", Volume 1. Armament and military equipment. - SPb. NPO "SM", 2017, p. 79.

Claims (1)

A device for silent and flameless firing with energy-absorbing material for weapons with a small unmasking effect, consisting of a body located in front of the muzzle of the barrel, steel diaphragms with a central hole for bullet movement, inhibiting powder gases inside the body, characterized in that the body of the device is silent and flameless has an annular cavity - a shell made of a steel mesh with a cell pitch of 1x1 mm, filled with heat-resistant basalt fiber, fixed on both sides with fixing bushings, excluding its axial movement in a removable casing, installed on the perforated part of the rifle barrel, while the gap between heat-resistant basalt fiber and the barrel with holes is 2-3 mm.

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