RU2067217C1 - Pneumatically-or hydraulically-driven pump - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation of water suspensions of explosives. SUBSTANCE: two duplex actuating chambers located oppositely are isolated from working chambers by diaphragm; they are also separated from each other by means of common partition with axial hole for rod and passages brought in communication with pressure source. Mounted on rod connecting the actuating chambers are two combination pistons which consists of rigid part with seals on which flexible end-piece is secured. EFFECT: enhanced reliability. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of transportation of aqueous suspensions of explosives, industrial and waste water in the equipment industry, in the production of explosives and can be used in chemical, food and other industries.

Known mortar pump СО-100 for feeding mortar through pipes (Korolev K.M. Handbook of a young driver of concrete mortar mixers and concrete pumping plants. M. Higher School 1982), in which there is a working chamber with suction and discharge valves and a drive chamber separated from the working chamber by a diaphragm . In the drive chamber, liquid is poured into the space between the diaphragm and the rolling pin (working body). As a drive for the working body, an electric motor is used, the rotation of which is converted into reciprocating motion of the rolling pin with the help of a crank mechanism. Making a reciprocating motion, the rolling pin interacts through the fluid on the diaphragm. The diaphragm, in turn, interacts with the transported material, which enters the working chamber through the suction valve and is squeezed out by the diaphragm through the discharge valve. The disadvantages of the above pump include:
the complexity of the design of the drive with a crank mechanism;
the presence of open rubbing parts excludes the possibility of its use for transporting suspensions of explosives;
there is no way to regulate performance.

 Also known is a hydraulic or pneumatic drive pump (ed. St. USSR N 534583, class F 04 B 43/06, prototype), containing two opposed paired drive chambers communicated by channels with a pressure source, and working chambers equipped with bellows displacers, the movable ends of which are interconnected by a common stock.

The drive and working chambers are pairwise separated from each other by a common fixed partition with an axial hole for the passage of the rod and means for sealing it, and the said channels of the drive chamber are also located in the said partition. The disadvantages of the hydraulic and pneumatic drive pumps include:
cyclic loads acting on the displacer bellows adversely affect its service life;
eliminates the possibility of transporting suspensions containing abrasive materials causing a quick failure of the bellows;
in case of failure of the bellows displacer, a suspension of explosives enters the rubbing metal surface of the rod, which can lead to an accident.

 The purpose of this invention is the expansion of the scope of the pump, increasing the safety of transportation of explosive atmospheres, increasing the productivity and pressure level of the transported medium. The goal is achieved by the fact that in the pump on the stem connecting the drive chambers, two combined pistons are installed, made of rigid material with seals and elastic tips, such as fluoroplastic, fixed on them.

 Pistons made of hard materials are widely used in engineering, for example, in piston compressors, internal combustion engines, pneumatic cylinders, etc. In these devices, the pistons play the role of a working body and metal rings, cuffs, oil seals, etc. are used as seals. However, in such pistons, product jamming between rubbing metal surfaces is not ruled out.

 In the proposed combined piston, the elastic tip is an additional sealing device to existing seals on the rigid piston and prevents the penetration of explosive particles into the zone of operation of the rigid piston. The elastic tip is also a centering device for the rigid part of the piston.

 The drawing shows a General view of the pump. The pump comprises a housing 1 with a partition 2, in which channels 3 are placed for supplying a working medium. Through the baffle 2 passes the rod 4, at the ends of which there are mounted pistons 5 with elastic tips 6. The drive chambers 7 and the working chambers 8 are separated by a diaphragm 9.

 In the drive chambers 7 there are two openings 10 for filling it with water and draining the water. In the working chamber 8 there are suction valves 11 connected by a collector 12 and pressure valves 13 connected by a collector 14.

 The pump operates as follows.

 Before starting up, pour water into the drive chambers 7. Set the required pressure in the pneumatic or hydraulic system and turn on the pump. The working medium through the channels 3 alternately enters the drive chambers 7. The stem 4 with pistons 5 and tips 6 reciprocates, acting on the water in the drive chamber 7, which in turn acts on the diaphragm 9. The diaphragm 9 alternately creates a vacuum and pressure in the working cavity 8, as a result of which the suction 11 and pressure 13 valves open and close, passing or locking the transported medium. The input of the transported medium is carried out through the collector 12, and it is pushed out through the collector 14.

 A pneumatic or hydraulic drive pump can operate as a submersible pump, can be directly installed in a transported medium, for example, a filter trap or a settling tank. The pump can also work as self-priming. The suction height of the pump is 0-6 m and depends on the temperature, viscosity of the transported medium and the size of the suction pipe.

 When using compressed air as a working medium, its exhaust can be directed to sparging the transported medium. The pressure of the transported medium is regulated by the pressure of the working medium and the ratio of the values of the areas of the diaphragm and the piston.

 Pump performance is regulated by the frequency of the pulsation of the pistons, as well as the diameter and magnitude of the stroke of the pistons.

 At present, working drawings for the pump have been developed, and a prototype of the pump has been manufactured and tested under experimental production conditions. Testing showed good agreement between the calculated and experimentally obtained data.

 The proposed pump allows you to eliminate manual labor when cleaning filter traps and sumps, to improve sanitation and hygiene. The pump is used in technological processes (instead of the bulky centrifugal pump developed by DNIHTI) associated with the transportation of aqueous suspensions of explosives.

Claims (1)

 A pneumatic or hydraulic drive pump containing two oppositely arranged twin drive chambers, separated by working diaphragm chambers and separated from each other by a common baffle with an axial hole for the rod and channels connected to the pressure source, characterized in that, in order to expand the scope of the pump , to increase the safety performance and pressure level of the transported medium, in it, on the stem connecting the drive chambers, two combined pistons are installed, made of a rigid seal eniyami parts and fastened therein flexible tip.