RU2482330C2 - Piston pump - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: piston pump includes a central housing, on both sides of which pistons are installed, the end faces of which form a working cavity in it, which is connected in its central part to suction and delivery valves. Stocks of pistons are directed to different sides and provided with several diaphragms (at least two) installed on them and fixed in diaphragm units, which are closed on both sides with cover plates with compressed air supply channels to the formed air cavities, from the compressed air distributing device that is installed in the same housing. Inside cover plates form together with the central housing the drain cavities, which are connected to each other with a drain channel.

EFFECT: pump has large suction and delivery depth at maintaining its high reliability and efficiency.

4 dwg, 3 cl

Description

The invention relates to the field of pump engineering and can be used in the oil industry for pumping water and various emulsions into oil reservoirs to great depths, as well as for lifting water to a great height.

A pneumatic hydraulic drive pump is known, which contains two oppositely arranged paired drive chambers, separated by working diaphragm chambers and separated from each other by a common partition, in which two combined pistons with elastic tips are installed on a common rod, and buffer liquid is poured into the space between the diaphragm and piston (RU 2067217 C1, 09.27.1996).

The specified pump has certain advantages over other analogues, but the force created by compressed air on the surface of only one diaphragm, transmitted through the buffer fluid to the end face of the piston, does not allow to obtain a high pressure of the injected fluid.

Known diaphragm pump, consisting of two pump chambers and one drive chamber. The pump diaphragm in the pump chamber and the diaphragm in the drive chamber divide these chambers into two cavities. The pump chamber is divided into an air cavity, which is connected to a compressed air distribution device, and a working cavity, in which the suction and discharge valves are installed. The drive chamber is divided by a diaphragm into two air cavities, which are connected through a compressed air distribution device to the air cavities of the pump chambers. All diaphragms are interconnected by a rod (GB 2257481 A, 01/13/1993).

The specified pump, having certain advantages over other analogues, is still not without some drawbacks. The pump head is increased by summing the force created by the diaphragms, which is transmitted through the rod to the pump diaphragm, and its strength is limited, and therefore it is not possible to achieve ultrahigh pressure in this pump. The suction depth of this pump is also limited, since the vacuum is generated by the pressure of the air supplied to only one diaphragm. In addition, the cyclic loads created by the pump on its bearings alternately are directed in different directions, which leads to a weakening of the mounting nodes.

The objective of the invention is to provide a pump with a large depth of suction and discharge of the pumped liquid while maintaining its high reliability and performance.

The problem is solved by the fact that pistons are installed on both sides of the central housing, which form their working cavity in its ends, connected to the central part with suction and discharge valves, while the piston rods are directed in different directions and several diaphragms are mounted on them (not less than two), fixed in diaphragm blocks, which are closed on both sides by covers with channels for supplying compressed air to the air cavities formed by them, from the compressed air distribution device, which installed in the same housing, while the inner covers form drainage cavities with the central housing, which are interconnected by a drainage channel.

The technical result of the invention is the simplicity of the design due to block manufacturing and assembly, an increase in pressure in combination with an increase in the suction depth due to the summation of the force generated by compressed air on the surfaces of the diaphragms and transmitted by the common rod to the pistons, which when moving towards each other create high pressure due to differences in the area of the diaphragms and pistons, and when the pistons diverge, they create a high vacuum, which allows you to lift water from great depths. In addition, the pump has high reliability due to the lack of rotating parts and high performance due to double pistons.

Figure 1 and Figure 2 presents the described pump. It consists of a central housing 1, in which two pistons 2 are installed on both sides, the ends of which form a working cavity 3 connected in the central part to the discharge valves 4 and suction 5. The piston rods 6 are directed in different directions and diaphragms 7 and 7 are mounted on them 8, which are fixed in the diaphragm blocks 9, closed on both sides with covers 10 and 11 with channels for supplying compressed air. The caps 10 and 11 with the diaphragms 7 and 8 form the air cavities 12 and 13. The air cavities 14 and 15 are formed by the inner surface of the diaphragms and the block bodies. The compressed air distribution device 16 is installed in the central housing and is connected by channels 17 and 18 to all air cavities. The covers 10 form a drainage cavity 19 with a central body, connected to each other by a drainage channel 20.

Figure 3 presents a piston pump in which a compressed air distribution device is installed in each diaphragm block and is connected by channels with air cavities formed by the blocks' bodies, diaphragms and covers.

Figure 4 presents a single-acting piston pump.

The principle of the pump is that compressed air is supplied to the switchgear 16 and through the channels 18 enters the air cavities 13 and 14. Under the influence of the total force created by this air on the surface of the diaphragms 7 and 8, the pistons 2 are driven through the rods 6 creating a vacuum in the working cavity 3, into which the pumped liquid is sucked through the valve 5. When the distribution device is shifted to the other side, the compressed air enters the channels 17 and is supplied to the cavities 12 and 15. The forces created by the compressed air on the surface of the diaphragms 7 and 8 are folded and transmitted through common rods to the pistons, which begin to move towards each other, displacing from the working cavity 3 through the discharge valve 4, the liquid in it is under pressure, corresponding to the applied force, to the pressure channel. Next, the cycle repeats.

Claims (3)

1. A piston pump containing suction and discharge valves, pistons, diaphragms and a compressed air distribution device, characterized in that pistons are installed on two sides in the central housing, which form their working cavity in its central ends, connected to the suction valves in its central part and injection, while the piston rods are directed in different directions, and they have several diaphragms (at least two) mounted in diaphragm blocks, which are closed on both sides by covers with feed channels compressed of air in the air cavities formed by them from the compressed air distribution device, which is mounted in the same housing, wherein the inner cap formed with a central drainage body cavities that are interconnected drainage channel. 2. The piston pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressed air distribution device is installed in each diaphragm block. 3. The piston pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pump is made one-way.

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