RU206451U1 - PRISMATIC LITHIUM-ION BATTERY WITH A CATHODE BASED ON LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to electrochemical power engineering, in particular to lithium-ion batteries (LIB). One of the topical directions of LIB is to increase the charging and discharging characteristics of batteries. An increase in the charging and discharging voltage while maintaining the fire and explosion safety of the battery due to the choice of the material of the active masses and the binder is a technical result. The LIB battery contains a two-layer polymer case with an outer layer and an inner layer, inside which an electrode block of positive and negative electrodes is placed, and there are one more negative electrodes than positive ones, on one side of the case current leads of positive and negative electrodes, consisting of current collectors, are hermetically sealed. with an active mass applied to them, a three-layer PP / PE / PP separator with a thickness of 25 μm is located between the electrodes, the separator is impregnated with a non-aqueous 1.2 M electrolyte based on aprotic solvents, the current collectors of the electrodes are welded to the corresponding current leads, the positive current lead is made of aluminum, the negative current lead is made made of nickel-plated copper, the negative electrode is a copper foil with an anode active mass deposited on it, consisting of 90.0-96.0% composite graphite, 1.1-9.2% carbon, binder - the rest, positive electrode is alumin foil with a cathode active mass deposited on it, consisting of 90.0-95.0% LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 spinel, 0.94-3.0% polyvinylidene fluoride and 2-9.06% carbon, and as a binder in the anode active mass used a mixture of anionic polymer dispersion 4.8-5.3% and sodium carboxymethylcellulose 1.5-2%, the body is evacuated, the electrodes are made pressed with a force of 5-6 MPa. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to electrochemical power engineering, in particular to lithium-ion batteries (LIB). One of the topical directions of LIB is to increase the charging and discharging characteristics of batteries.

The known design of a prismatic lithium-ion battery with a cathode of lithium cobaltate LiCoO ₂ (patent PM RU No. 143066 published on July 10, 2014, IPC H01M 10/0525, H01M 4/131), which includes a sealed case with hermetically installed on the cover housings with positive aluminum and negative copper current leads and a safety valve, an electrode block consisting of a cathode and an anode separated by a separator impregnated with electrolyte, while the case is made of metal, the safety valve consists of copper foil sealed with rubber gaskets, resistant to electrolyte , the anode, which is a copper foil coated with an active mass consisting of graphite, polyvinylidene fluoride and carbon with the following ratio of components, wt. %: graphite - 90.0-96.0; polyvinylidene fluoride 0.7-2.9 - carbon - the rest, the cathode, which is an aluminum foil with an active mass deposited on it, consisting of lithium cobaltate - LiCoO ₂ polyvinylidene fluoride, conductive graphite and carbon with the following ratio of components, wt. %: LiCoO ₂ -0.0-94.0, polyvinylidene fluoride - 0.8-3.0, conductive graphite - 0.5-2.0, carbon - the rest.

Known prismatic lithium-ion battery (LIB) in polymer packaging (patent PM RU No. 143064, published 10.07.2014, IPC H01M 10/0525, H01M 4/131), containing a multilayer (two-layer) polymer case with hermetically sealed current leads of positive and negative electrodes, inside which there is an electrode block of positive and negative electrodes, consisting of current collectors with an active mass applied to them, a separator impregnated with electrolyte is located between the electrodes, the current collectors of the electrodes are welded to the corresponding current leads, the positive current lead is made of aluminum, the negative current lead is made of copper, current leads are located on one side of the case, the negative electrode is a copper foil with an anode active mass deposited on it, consisting of graphite, polyvinylidene fluoride and carbon with the following ratio of components, wt. %: 90.0-96.0 graphite, 0.8-2.9 polyvinylidene fluoride, carbon - the rest, the positive electrode is an aluminum foil coated with a cathode active mass consisting of lithium cobaltate, polyvinylidene fluoride and carbon in the following ratio of components , wt. %: 90.0-95.0 lithium cobaltate, 0.94-3.0 polyvinylidene fluoride, carbon - the rest.

Known prismatic lithium-ion battery with a cathode of lithium iron phosphate LiFePO ₄ (patent PM RU 143065, published on July 10, 2014, IPC N01M 10/0525) includes a sealed case with a hermetically installed on the case cover positive aluminum and negative copper current leads and a safety valve, an electrode block consisting of a cathode and an anode separated by a separator impregnated with electrolyte, while the body is made of metal, the safety valve consists of copper foil sealed with rubber gaskets, resistant to electrolyte, anode, which is a copper foil with applied to it with an active mass consisting of graphite, carbon, polyvinylidene fluoride with the following ratio of components, wt. %: graphite - 90.0-94.0, polyvinylidene fluoride - 0.8-2.9, carbon - the rest. The cathode is an aluminum foil coated with an active mass consisting of lithium iron phosphate LiFePO ₄ , polyvinylidene fluoride, carbon, conductive graphite with the following ratio of components, wt. %: LiFePO ₄ - 90.0-93.0, polyvinylidene fluoride - 0.94-3.0, conductive graphite - 0.5-2.0, carbon - the rest.

Known prismatic lithium-ion battery with a cathode based on LiMn ₂ O ₄ (patent PM RU No. 2008, published on 07.10.2020, IPC H01M 10/052, H01M 10/0585, SPK H01M 10/052, H01M 10/0585, taken as a prototype) containing a two-layer polymer case with an outer layer and an inner layer, inside of which an electrode block of positive and negative electrodes is placed, and there are one more negative electrodes than positive ones, on one side of the case current leads of positive and negative electrodes are hermetically sealed consisting of current collectors with an active mass applied to them, a 16 μm thick polyethylene separator with a 2 μm thick ceramic porous coating applied to it on both sides is located between the electrodes, the separator is impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte, the current collectors of the electrodes are welded to the corresponding current leads, a positive current lead is made made of aluminum, negative current terminal is made of nickel-plated copper The negative electrode is a copper foil with an anode active mass deposited on it, consisting of 90.0-96.0% graphite, 1.1-9.2% carbon, a binder is the rest, the positive electrode is an aluminum foil with a cathode active mass deposited on it, consisting of 90.0-95.0% lithium-manganese spinel, 0.94-3.0% polyvinylidene fluoride and 2-9.06% carbon, and a mixture of anionic polymer dispersion 4.8-5.3% and sodium carboxymethylcellulose 1.5-2%, the body is evacuated, the electrodes are made pressed with a force of 5-6 MPa.

The disadvantage of the above utility models is the low range of the charge-discharge operating voltage, which arise in connection with the use of a positive electrode as the main material - lithium-cobalt dioxide, lithium-iron phosphate, lithium-manganese spinel. So the standard operating voltage range for batteries based on lithium-cobalt dioxide, lithium-manganese spinel is on average from 4.2 V to 3.0 V. For lithium iron phosphate, this range is even lower and is from 3.65 V to 2, 5 B.

The proposed utility model is a solution to this disadvantage.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the charging and discharging voltage of the lithium-ion battery, which ranges from 4.7 V at charge to 3.5 V at discharge, while maintaining its fire and explosion safety characteristics.

The specified technical result is achieved by the proposed LIB design.

A prismatic lithium-ion battery contains a two-layer polymer case with an outer layer and an inner layer, inside which there is an electrode block made of positive and negative electrodes, moreover, there are one more negative electrodes than positive ones, on one side of the case the current leads of the positive and negative electrodes are hermetically sealed, consisting of current collectors with an active mass deposited on them, a three-layer PP / PE / PP separator with a thickness of 25 μm is located between the electrodes, the separator is impregnated with a non-aqueous 1.2M electrolyte based on aprotic solvents, the current collectors of the electrodes are welded to the corresponding current leads by ultrasonic welding, a positive current lead is made made of aluminum, the negative current terminal is made of copper with a nickel galvanized coating, the negative electrode is a copper foil coated with an anode active mass consisting of 90.0-96.0% composite graphite, 1.1-9.2% carbon, binder - rest oe, the positive electrode is an aluminum foil coated with a cathode active mass consisting of 90.0-95.0% LiNi _0.5 Mn _1.5 O ₄ spinel, 0.94-3.0% polyvinylidene fluoride and 2- 9.06% carbon, and a mixture of anionic polymer dispersion 4.8-5.3% and sodium carboxymethylcellulose 1.5-2% was used as a binder in the anode active mass, the body was evacuated, the electrodes were pressed with a force of 5-6 MPa.

An increase in charging and discharge voltages is achieved through the use of high-voltage LiNi _0.5 Mn _1.5 O ₄ spinel in the composition of the electrode masses of positive electrodes, composite graphite in the composition of the negative electrode, 1.2 M inorganic electrolyte based on aprotic solvents. To improve explosion and fire resistance, a three-layer PP / PE / PP separator with a thickness of 25 microns is used in the battery.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, a description of the structure and an example of the practical implementation of a battery.

FIG. 1 shows a sketch of the construction of a prismatic lithium-ion battery with the necessary local sections.

The figure shows

1 - positive electrode;

2 - negative electrode;

3 - three-layer separator PP / PE / PP;

4 - two-layer polymer body;

5 - negative current output;

6 - positive current output;

7 - current collector of the negative electrode;

8 - current collector of the positive electrode;

9 - sealing tape of current leads.

The prismatic lithium-ion battery consists of a 33-piece electrode block. positive electrodes 1, which are aluminum foil coated with a cathode active mass consisting of 90.0-95.0% LiNi _0.5 Mn _1.5 O ₄ spinel, 0.94-3.0% polyvinylidene fluoride and 2-9 , 06% carbon and 34 pcs. negative electrodes 2, which are copper foil with an anode active mass deposited on it, consisting of 90.0-96.0% composite graphite, 1.1-9.2% carbon, a binder is the rest, as a binder in the anode active mass a mixture of anionic polymer dispersion 4.8-5.3% and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 1.5-2% case 4, current collectors 7 are ultrasonically welded to negative current lead 5 made of nickel-plated copper, current collectors 8 are ultrasonically welded to positive current lead 6 made of aluminum, current leads are located on one side of the case, the case is evacuated by pressing the electrodes by force 5-6 MPa, the sides of the case are thermally sealed, in the place where the current leads exit, the tightness is ensured by using sealing tape of current leads 9.

An example of the implementation of a utility model. Were made 5 samples of lithium-ion batteries with a capacity of at least 21 Ah. The composition of one battery includes 33 pcs. positive electrodes 264.0 × 51.5 mm in size and 0.125 mm thick, 34 pcs. negative electrodes measuring 265.0 × 52.0 mm. The electrodes are separated by a porous three-layer PP / PE / PP separator 25 µm thick. As an electrolyte, we used a 1.2 M electrolyte based on aprotic solvents in an amount of (67.0 ± 0.2) g in each battery. The electrolyte was poured in a dry environment with a dew point temperature of minus 60 ° C. The polymer body was thermally welded, with preliminary vacuum and compression with a force of 5-6 MPa.

During tests under normal climatic conditions with a current of 0.2C, the discharge capacity of the battery was at least 21000 mAh, while the final voltage during charging reached 4.7 V, with a discharge of 3.5 V, while the overall dimensions and appearance of the batteries were not has changed.

Based on the foregoing, it can be concluded that the proposed utility model can be implemented in practice with the achievement of the claimed technical result.

Claims (1)

A prismatic lithium-ion battery containing a two-layer polymer case with an outer layer and an inner layer, inside of which an electrode block of positive and negative electrodes is located, with one more negative electrodes than positive ones, on one side of the case, the current leads of positive and negative electrodes, consisting of current collectors with an active mass applied to them, a 16 μm thick polyethylene separator with a 2 μm thick ceramic porous coating applied to it on both sides, the separator is impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte, the electrode current collectors are welded to the corresponding current leads, positive the current output is made of aluminum, the negative current output is made of copper with a nickel galvanized coating, the negative electrode is a copper foil with an anode active mass deposited on it, consisting of 90.0-96.0% graphite, 1.1-9.2% carbon , with knitting - the rest, the positive electrode is an aluminum foil with a cathode active mass deposited on it, consisting of 90.0-95.0% lithium-manganese spinel, 0.94-3.0% polyvinylidene fluoride and 2-9.06% carbon , and as a binder in the anode active mass used is a mixture of anionic polymer dispersion 4.8-5.3% and sodium carboxymethylcellulose 1.5-2%, the body is evacuated, the electrodes are made pressed with a force of 5-6 MPa, characterized in that between a three-layer PP / PE / PP separator with a thickness of 25 μm is located with electrodes, the separator is impregnated with a non-aqueous 1.2 M electrolyte based on aprotic solvents, the current collectors of the electrodes are welded to the corresponding current leads by ultrasonic welding, the positive current lead is made of aluminum, the negative current lead is made of copper with a nickel galvanized coating , the negative electrode is a copper foil with an anode active mass deposited on it, consisting of 90.0-96.0% of composite graphite, 1.1-9.2% carbon, the rest is the binder, the positive electrode is an aluminum foil coated with a cathode active mass consisting of 90.0-95.0% LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ spinels, 0.94-3.0% polyvinylidene fluoride and 2-9.06% carbon, and a mixture of anionic polymer dispersion 4.8-5.3% was used as a binder in the anode active mass and sodium carboxymethylcellulose 1.5-2%, the body is evacuated, the electrodes are made pressed with a force of 5-6 MPa.

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