RU2063786C1 - Nozzle filter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: air and gasses purification from dust and other fine dispersion particles. SUBSTANCE: nozzle filter has chamber of dusted air and it also is body, chamber of purified air, separated by partition filtering hoses on frames inside dusted air chamber, fixed on unions, cone-collector with sluice gate, branch pipe for dusted air feeding to surface for purification, branch pipe for purified air removal from purified air chamber, blowing-through nozzles with extensions over each filtering hose, tank for compressed blowing-through air and localizer over each hose. Butts of blowing-through nozzles over hoses are located out of stream of removed from chamber purified air with residual dust. Ends of blowing-through nozzles as a version are located in cavities of hoses. Blowing-through nozzles are separable with extensions. Over each hose there is localizer, upper part of which has bell mouth. EFFECT: improved purification process. 4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of technology for the purification of air and gases from dust and other fine particles, mainly at the enterprises of grain processing, animal feed, biochemical and other industries.

 Known nozzle filters of the Swiss company "Boleer", consisting of a chamber for the air to be cleaned, and porous fabric filter bags placed in this chamber with a filtering direction from the outside to the inside of the bags, a cleaned air chamber with Venturi tubes for pulse bag purging and a container for compressed purge air with short purge nozzles and with valves for reverse purging, a pipe for supplying air with dust to the filter for cleaning, a pipe for removing purified air from the filter a, the collecting cone with sluice gate for collecting dust filter bags delayed and output from the filter, devices for pulsed blowing compressed air hose in the direction opposite to the filtration, the duration of the control unit and the pulse frequency.

 Fans are used to suck in the cleaned air (gases) through the filter bags.

 The regeneration (restoration) of the air permeability of the filter bags during filter operation is carried out by reverse purging with pulses of clean compressed air from short nozzles into the venturi tubes, through which the purge air enters the filter bags towards the flow of filtered air.

 To overcome the aerodynamic drag of Venturi pipes when the filter is working on air (gas) filtration, a significant part of the energy spent on driving the fans is spent relative to the total energy consumption to overcome the drag of the filters.

 The effect of regeneration of the air permeability of the filter bags is based on reverse purging with pulses of compressed clean air from the purge compressor using the effect of ejecting the cleaned air into the venturi tubes from the cleaned air chamber containing residual dust with clean purge air during reverse purge pulses.

 The device and the principle of the filter company "Buhler" are given in the book N.P. Volodin et al. "Reducing the energy intensity of mill pneumatic conveying systems." M. "The Ear", 1978, p. 104--106.

 In this filter, for the regeneration of the air permeability of the filter bags in the purified air chamber, Venturi pipes are installed above the filter bags on the partition of the dusty and purified air chambers; short purge nozzles are installed in the compressed air tank above each venturi at a distance that allows cleaned air to pass from the hoses below the nozzle ends above the venturi when moving to the suction nozzle, and then from the filter. Thus, in the prototype filter, the air cleaned with a filter cloth with residual dust passes below the nozzles when the filter is working, in order to partially eject it from the cleaned air chamber with pulses of compressed clean purge air into the filter bags to enhance the effect of regeneration of the air permeability of the filter cloth.

 Due to the presence of filter pores in the filter bag cloth, when air is cleaned, dust particles with a size smaller than the filter pores are sucked through the pores in the cavity of the bags, the outgoing air stream through the venturi is carried into the chamber of purified air and then from the filter. The mass of purified air with the content of the smallest residual dust in a continuously moving stream with a layer thickness equal to the distance from the ends of the nozzles to the venturi is constantly above the filter bags.

The technical essence of the invention is as follows:
1. Reduce the aerodynamic drag of the filter to air movement.

 2. To increase the efficiency of regeneration of the air permeability of the filter bag cloth with pulses of reverse purging with compressed clean air to reduce the growth rate of their aerodynamic drag during filter operation.

 3. Increase the duration of use of the filter cloth in the filters during operation until replaced with new filter bags having normal air permeability and low aerodynamic drag.

 4. To reduce the aerodynamic resistance of the locators of dust from the emergency filter bags into serviceable filter bags, and the energy consumption to overcome the aerodynamic resistance of the localizers to the movement of air from the filter bags through them.

 5. Reduce the specific cost of electrical energy for air purification by filter.

 6. To reduce the frequency of replacement of filter bags that have reached the ultimate aerodynamic resistance due to dust from the emergency bags in the cavity of the bags working on filtration.

 7. To reduce the complexity of the operation of filters and material costs for their operation.

 The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a general view and construction of a filter according to this invention, and FIG. 2, the principle of operation of the filter sleeve of the filter on the filtration of air (gases) and in the process of regeneration of the filter sleeve is proved. The arrows indicate the direction of air movement.

 The nozzle filter of FIG. 1 has a dusty air chamber (filter housing) 1, a purified air chamber 2, a partition 3 separating the dusty and purified air chambers. The chambers of dusty and purified air are communicated by fittings 4 for mounting the filter bags 5 on the wire frames 6. Under the filter bags there is a dust cone 7 for collecting trapped dust, lock costs 8 for removing trapped dust from the filter.

 The dusty air chamber 1 has a pipe 9 for supplying dust-containing air to the filter bags; The cleaned air chamber contains a pipe 10 for removing purified air from the filter.

 To regenerate the air permeability of the filter sheet during the operation of the filter on air (gas) cleaning, the nozzle filter has a device consisting of a container for purged compressed air 11 located in the purified air chamber, purge nozzles 12 in communication with the compressed air tank above each filter sleeve for reverse pulses blowing sleeves with compressed clean air; for tight closure of the nozzles on the side of the compressed air tank there are valves 13 above each nozzle, driven by drive devices, such as electromagnets 14, by acting on the rods of the electromagnets 15.

 For supplying clean compressed purge air from the compressor to the compressed air tank 11, there is a nozzle 16. For introducing compressed clean purge air into the cavity of the filter bags by reverse purge pulses, and for the convenience of attaching the purge nozzles in the cleaned air chamber, the purge nozzles 12 contain extensions 17.

 To prevent the ingress of dust in the cavity of the filter bags operating on air filtration in the event of an emergency condition of one or more bags (holes appear due to wear, leaks at the points of attachment of the sleeve on the filter fitting or tearing of the sleeve from the attachment point), a localizer 18 made of dustproof material was used in the form of a fence of each filter sleeve, towering above the sleeve; to reduce the aerodynamic resistance of the localizers to the movement of air when leaving the hoses in the chamber of purified air, the top of the localizers can be made in the form of sockets 19.

 The principle of operation of the nozzle filter is shown in FIG. 2, where sleeve a is shown in air filtration, sleeve b in the regeneration of air permeability of the filter web. The air (gas) to be cleaned of dust enters the filter through the pipe 9, is directed (sucked or blown) through the filter cloth of the filter bags 5 to the inside of the bags and the cleaned (with residual dust) is discharged through the openings in the nozzles 4, bypassing the purge nozzles 12 with extension cords along the bells of the localizers into the chamber of purified air 2, then it is directed to the pipe 10 and is removed from the filter. In FIG. 2, the direction of air movement is shown by arrows. Filter bags are protected from flattening during air filtration by wire frames 6.

 The dust trapped by the filter cloth settles on the outer surface of the filter bags, gradually clogging the pores and increasing the aerodynamic resistance of the bags, which reduces the performance of the fan and filter, respectively, the aerodynamic characteristics of the blower machine, and increases the specific cost of electric energy for cleaning the air (gas).

 Air (gas) is filtered with closed purge nozzles 12 by valves 13.

 Cleaning the filter pores in order to restore the air permeability of the filter cloth is carried out by short pulses of reverse purging with compressed clean air introduced into the filter bag (one or several at a time) through the purging nozzles 12. The bags are purged with compressed clean air one by one without turning off the filter from the filtration process.

 For reverse purging, in accordance with a predetermined program, the solenoid 14 rises the valve 13, compressed air under overpressure, for example up to 50 kPa, through the nozzle 12 and the extension 17 of FIG. 1 is blown into the cavity of the filter bag, blows the filter pores from the inside of the bag to the outside: the dust deposited on the outer surface of the regenerated bag is shaken, falls into the dust collector cone 7, the gate lock 8 is removed from the filter and directed according to the production flow chart as directed. The purge air with dust particles passing through the pores of the regenerated filter bag is directed to the surface of the filter bags, they are cleaned of dust, through holes in the nozzles 4 and the sockets of the localizers, bypassing the purge nozzles with extensions, it enters the cleaned air chamber 2 and is discharged through the pipe 10 from the filter.

 The localizer 18 is included in the operation when the emergency condition of the sleeves in the filter appears: in the event of holes appearing from the wear of the filter cloth, when leaks appear in the points of attachment of the filter sleeves on the fittings, in the event of a sleeve breaking from the point of attachment on the nozzle when the fasteners break down, the functioning of the locators after Exclusions by operators of the emergency state of filter bags.

 In the process of filter operation for air filtration, each localizer has a very small, almost imperceptible aerodynamic drag at low air velocities in them, since the horizontal cross-sectional areas of the localizers are large, close to the horizontal cross-sectional areas of the filter bags, the length (height) of the localizers is small, the number localizers in the filter is equal to the number of filter bags in the chamber of dusty air, the total area of horizontal cross sections of the localizers but larger than the area of the cross sections transverse planes nozzles, supply air filter for cleaning the filter and outputting from purified air.

Claims (4)

 1. A nozzle filter comprising a dusty air chamber with filter bags located on it on a partition and wire frames, a cleaned air chamber with a compressed purge air tank with nozzles, valves and electromagnets, a dust collection cone, nozzles for supplying dusty and cleaned air and a lock gate, characterized in that the ends of the nozzles are located in the plane of the partition or in the cavity of the sleeves.  2. The filter according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with extension cords attached to the nozzles.  3. The filter according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with localizers installed above each sleeve in the chamber of purified air.  4. The filter according to claim 1, characterized in that in the upper part the localizers are made in the form of sockets.

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