RU2061386C1 - Method of preparing food addition for agricultural animals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, food production. SUBSTANCE: cellulose-containing raw: wood waste, peat, sunflower husk, sunflower calathide, etc. were mixed with liquid avian dung at the ratio 10-1:1. Mixture is subjected for thermobaric treatment at 160-200 C for 15-90 min and humidity 50-60%. Prepared product is dried and granulated. EFFECT: improved method of preparing.

Description

 The present invention relates to feed production, in particular, to the technology of obtaining feed additives.

 It is known that wood waste can be used as feed additives: sawdust, shavings, bark, otters, their processed products (1, 2), peat (3 4), as well as sunflower husk and sunflower baskets, cotton bolls and cotton husks, corn cobs (5, 6).

It is also known that a valuable feed additive can be dried poultry manure (6), which contains protein, which for the most part is represented by essential amino acids (lysine, methionine, cystine, threonine, etc.), as well as such macro- and microelements as Ca, P, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Cu, Zu, Fe, Mn. In addition, dry bird droppings contain a significant amount of B vitamins (B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₆ and B ₁₂ ).

 Closest to the proposed invention is the "Method of obtaining a feed additive for ruminants" by and.with. 1520162, consisting of mixing straw with bird droppings, followed by hydrobarothermic treatment of the resulting mixture (7).

 The disadvantage of this method is the limited raw material base for obtaining a feed additive, namely the use of one straw as a cellulose-containing raw material. Thus, this method can be implemented only in places of accumulation of straw, that is, it has only regional significance.

 The proposed series of feed additives provides for the use of wood waste as the first component of one of the listed waste: sawdust, bark, flake, shavings, undeveloped peat, crop waste, sunflower husk, corn cobs, sunflower baskets, cotton bolls, cotton husk, as the second component of bird droppings (PP).

 All of these components are available in sufficient quantities in different regions of the country.

 The purpose of the invention is the expansion of the raw material base to obtain valuable feed additives with high nutritional value.

According to the proposed method, the above components are mixed with bird droppings (poultry waste) in the ratio of dry raw materials dry litter
(10: 1) - (1: 1), is subjected to hydrobarrothermal treatment at a humidity of 40-60%, a temperature of 160-200 ^o C, a processing time of 15-90 minutes The resulting mixture was dried and granulated.

 One of the main variable and controlled indicators is the protein content in the mixture and its digestibility.

 Table 1 presents the characteristics of the feedstock and mixtures, as well as feed products obtained during hydrobarothermic treatments of these mixtures.

During hydrobarothermic treatment of mixtures of cellulose-containing raw materials with bird droppings, the following processes occur:
a) the breakdown of easily hydrolyzable polysaccharides with their transition to olino - and monosugar,
b) the interaction of hydrolysis products with ammonia and urea contained in the litter, which leads to the neutralization of organic acids and the creation of a neutral product with a pH of about 7, as well as the formation of such compounds as amino sugar and glycosylurea, which are useful for farm animals.

 It should be noted that hydrobarothermic treatment leads not only to an increase in the digestibility of ready-made gratuitous products, but also to the destruction of pathogenic microflora present in bird droppings.

 In addition to the above options for obtaining free products by mixing two components (bird droppings and cellulose-containing raw materials), the following is proposed.

 Some of the proposed components, such as peat, sunflower husk, crushed corn cobs and others, are suitable for use as bedding for outdoor bird keeping.

 During the period of keeping the bird on this litter, chicken droppings accumulate in it. After a certain period (cycle) of poultry rearing, litter with droppings is removed from the premises and replaced with a new (fresh) one. The litter enriched with litter is proposed to be collected and subjected to hydrobarothermic treatment.

 The processing results are presented in table 2.

 In order to expand the possibilities of obtaining feed additives, it is planned to use mixtures of various components in various ratios as cellulose-containing raw materials.

The crude protein content and digestibility of nutrients in the processed hydrobarothermal mixture depends both on the parameters of the hydrobarothermic treatment (temperature 160--200 ^° С), time from 15 to 90 minutes, the humidity of the mixture 50-60% and the saturation of the bedding material with droppings (10: 1 ) - (1: 1)
Example 1. In the laboratory tested 10 variants of feed mixtures (table. 1) obtained by the proposed method. Bird droppings and moist raw materials (sawdust, peat, bark, sunflower husk, sunflower baskets, corn cobs, cotton bales, cotton husk were mixed, the mixture was brought to a moisture content of 50-60%, loaded into an autoclave and subjected to hydro-barrothermal treatment at 170 ^o C for 60 min The quality of the additives obtained by the main indicators (protein and digestibility) are presented in table 1.

Example 2. In a production environment, 4460 kg of upstream, slightly decomposed peat were mixed with a moisture content of 44% (2500 kg in terms of dry matter). The ratio of solids peat: bird droppings is 1: 1. The humidity of the resulting mixture corresponds to 61%. Container trolleys with the resulting mixture were loaded into an autoclave and steamed at 180 ^° C for 45 minutes. Then, the resulting mixture was unloaded and dried on ABM 1.5 and granulated on an OPK-2 granulator.

 The finished product contained 29% dry matter, 14.3% protein, the digestibility of dry matter was 69.3% feed value of 0.7 feed units.

 The nutritional value of the feed product obtained on the basis of cotton waste 0.7-0.75 ked based on waste from processing sunflower and corn 0.6-0.63 units

 According to the content of exchange energy (8.0-8.5 MJ per 2 kg of natural dry product), these types of feed additives are superior to the hydrobarothermic processed straw (5 MJ) first-class grass-cereal-bean hay (7.0 -7, 4 MJ), and the product prepared according to the technology of the prototype (7.7-8.3 MJ).

 Crude protein in the proposed feed additives is 50% represented by true protein, which is very valuable for animals.

 Example 3

 Litter (horseback slightly decomposed peat) is brought into the house, which contains broilers for 56-63 days.

During this time, the litter they emit is mixed with the litter. After slaughtering the chickens, the litter (peat with droppings and residues of feed) is removed from the house and subjected to hydrobarothermic treatment at 180 ^o C for 45 minutes The resulting product is dried and granulated. It contains solids up to 92% of crude protein 20.4-23.2% Digestibility is 65-69%
Thus, the use of the proposed feed additives allows you to expand the feed base of animal husbandry and to utilize a large amount of industrial and agricultural waste that would otherwise be released into the environment, polluting it. TTT1 TTT2 TTT3

Claims (2)

1. A method of producing a feed additive for farm animals, comprising hydrobarrothermal treatment of cellulose-containing raw materials with poultry manure, characterized in that wood waste is used as cellulose-containing raw material, mixed with poultry manure in a ratio of 10 1: 1, and hydrobarothermic processing of the mixture is carried out at 160 -200 ^o C for 15-90 minutes and a humidity of 50 to 60% then the resulting product is dried and granulated.  2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the bark, sawdust, shavings, flakes, as well as peat, sunflower husk, sunflower baskets, corn cobs, cotton bolls, cotton husks are used as wood waste.

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