RU2057642C1 - Lubricant for metallic forms - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production of precast reinforced concrete. SUBSTANCE: proposed lubricant contains (mass %): acid synthetic self-emulsifying oil 10-30, soda ash 0.8-1.0, oil asphalt of distillation of fatty acids (being isolated of soap stocks of vegetable oils and technical fat) 1.5-4.0 and water. EFFECT: improves quality of concrete. 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the production of precast concrete, and in particular to lubricant compositions for metal molds in the manufacture of reinforced concrete products.

 Known lubricant containing, by weight.

Emulsol Sour
synthetic (EX) 10
Soda Ash 0.5
Water 89.5
Lubrication is prepared as follows. The stirrer was poured water at 60-70 ^{° C} and introduced into soda ash. The mixture is stirred for 2-3 minutes until the soda is completely dissolved, and then emulsol is added and mixed for 5 minutes.

The disadvantages of the proposed lubrication are
low holding ability on vertical surfaces, because of which it can be applied only with the horizontal formation of products;
heating water to 60-70 ^{° C;}
low stability of emulsions (it already exfoliates within 1 h).

 The closest in technical essence is a lubricant containing, by weight.

Emulsol Sour
synthetic (EX) 3-7
Soda Ash 1-2
Fat tar 3-7
Water Else
The proposed lubricant is prepared as follows. The preheated to 40-50 ^{° C} EX poured molten fat tar (t _mp 50-60 ° ^C) and stirred for 5 min. Then, calcined soda is poured into small amounts in this mixture with stirring. Then add small portions heated to 60-80 ^{° C} water and stirred for a few minutes more. It turns out a homogeneous mass of yellowish-white color, stable for 30 days.

 The disadvantages of this lubricant are as follows.

When preparing it, high energy costs are required, since it is necessary to heat all the components included in this lubricant. Thus, emulsol warmed to 40-50 ^{° C,} the fat to the molten state tar (50-60 ° ^C), and water to 60-80 ° ^C.

 Since in this invention, the waste of oil and fat plants, obtained by distillation of fatty acids of salomass, is used as fat tar, this lubricant is not very fluid when cooled, therefore it cannot be pumped through a pipeline, nor can a mechanized method of applying it to a metal surface be used.

 To reduce the adhesion of concrete to the mold, improve the surface quality of reinforced concrete products, increase the retention capacity on vertical surfaces, stability and viability of the lubricant, simplify its preparation, and also utilize waste, a lubricant for metal molds in the manufacture of reinforced concrete products is proposed, containing, by weight.

Emulsol Sour
synthetic (EX) 10-30
Soda ash 0.8-1.0
Distillation tar
fatty acids
isolated from soapstocks
vegetable
oils and technical
fat 1.5-4.0
Water Else
The novelty of the invention is the use of tar from the distillation of fatty acids isolated from soap stocks of vegetable oils and technical fat, the ratio of components and the method of preparation.

 The fat tar from distillation of fatty acids, isolated from the stocks of vegetable oils and technical fat, is a waste of fat-processing plants in the production of soap and has TU 10-04.01916671-380-93 (Republic of Belarus).

 The proposed lubricant is illustrated by the following example of its manufacture.

PRI me R. To 776 g of water heated to 30-35 ^about C, add 8 g of soda ash and mix until completely dissolved. Then, 16 g of tar oil is added to the resulting solution and mixed until it is completely distributed in the soda solution. To the emulsion obtained, 200 g of synthetic acidic emulsol are introduced with stirring and stirring is continued until it is completely distributed in the volume. This emulsion contains, by weight. synthetic acid emulsol 20; soda ash 0.8; tar oil 1.6; water 76.6.

 Other examples of the preparation of emulsions with different component contents were carried out analogously to this example.

 The resulting emulsion is ready for use as a lubricant for metal molds when forming reinforced concrete products. Lubrication is stable over time. It retains its properties throughout the year. With prolonged storage, a slight separation of the emulsion is possible, which is eliminated by ordinary mechanical stirring. The proposed emulsion is homogeneous and has a low viscosity (η = 2-10 μPa · s).

 Tests of the proposed composition as a lubricant for metal molds in the manufacture of reinforced concrete products were carried out under industrial conditions at DSK-3 in Minsk. This lubricant was coated metal forms of block rooms and other products 5-10 times. We monitored the quality of the reinforced concrete products obtained (the absence of dark spots) and the adhesion of the reinforced concrete products to metal forms.

 The grease was applied to both hot and cold surfaces in a natural cold state by mechanized means or manually with a thin layer.

 For testing, various lubricant compositions were prepared, which are given in table. 1, and the comparative characteristics of the known and proposed lubricants obtained during testing in table. 2.

 When processing the metal molds with the proposed compositions (Table 1) as a lubricant during the molding of reinforced concrete products, it was found that the lubricant of composition No. 1 does not adhere well to vertical surfaces and, therefore, adhesion of concrete to the metal mold was observed.

 The use of greases 2-6 provides a high-quality concrete surface. The tests performed showed positive results, which are as follows: there are no dark spots on the surface of the concrete; good lubricity retention is observed on metal surfaces; grease can be applied with a spray; no adhesion of reinforced concrete products to the mold was observed with 5-10-fold use of the lubricant in one place. Composition No. 7 was not used as a lubricant, since after three hours of standing the resulting lubricant was stratified into two layers: the upper one, saturated with emulsol, and the lower one, saturated with tar.

 Thus, the optimal composition of the lubricant used for the manufacture of reinforced concrete products, the following, wt.

Emulsol Sour
synthetic 10-30
Soda ash 0.8-1.0
Fat tar
from fatty distillation
acids isolated
from stockstock plant-
oils and technical
whom fat is 1.5-4.0
Water Else
The economic feasibility of using the proposed lubricant for metal molds in the manufacture of reinforced concrete products is obvious, since its preparation requires significantly less energy costs than the prototype.

So, according to the prototype for the preparation of a lubricant containing, by weight. synthetic acid emulsol 7; soda ash 2; fatty tar EX 7 must be heated to 45 ^{° C,} fatty tar ^to 50 ° C, and water to 80 ° ^C.

 Based on the calculation of the heat balance, it was found that for the preparation of 1 ton of lubricant according to the prototype, it was necessary to spend 50,824 kcal of heat and 101.6 kg of heating steam.

According to the proposed method only the water to be heated to 30-35 ^{° C,} which requires the expenditure of 5550 kcal of heat, and the heating vapor 11.1 kg per 1 ton of lubricant.

 Thus, according to the proposed method, it is necessary to spend heating steam 9 times less than the prototype.

Claims (1)

 LUBRICATION FOR METAL FORMS in the manufacture of concrete and reinforced concrete products, including acidic synthetic emulsol, soda ash, grease tar and water, characterized in that they use grease tar from the distillation of fatty acids extracted from co-stocks of vegetable oils and technical fat, in the following ratio of components, wt. Acidic synthetic emulsol 10 30
Soda ash 0.8 1.0
Tar from distillation of fatty acids isolated from the stocks of vegetable oils and technical fat 1.5 4.0
Water Else

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