RU205526U1 - Prefabricated hangar type greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of agriculture and is intended for growing crops in greenhouses. The technical result achieved with the implementation of the claimed utility model is to increase the strength of the greenhouse up to 7 meters in height and the reliability of fastening the translucent cover. The greenhouse can withstand up to 320 kilograms per 1 square meter. The technical result is achieved by the fact that the prefabricated greenhouse contains a frame made of sections, which are composed of flat trusses, interconnected by purlins in the form of frame trusses, longitudinal parts and end triangular structures with doors and vents, translucent coating, termination units, while all frame parts have a protective coating against corrosion and are made of cold-rolled sheet steel profiles made of galvanized steel, and all frame elements are made of light steel thin-walled structures LSTK, which has a shape, and the joint slopes with wall posts is made using a pocket, which allows you to create a rigid transverse frame designed for operation in any snow and wind regions of Russia according to SP20 and SP107, while the pitch of the inner lathing of the gable truss truss with a parallel lower and upper chord and tightening near the supports less / more often than a step along the main slope.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of agriculture and is intended for growing crops in greenhouses.

Known, for example, a prefabricated greenhouse - RF patent No. 2196420, containing a frame formed by arches, end arches, ties for connecting the arch pillars to each other, a translucent coating, sealing and fastening units, a sealing tape, and the one-piece frame elements are made by welding, and the contacting with a coating, parts of the frame are covered with material, all frame links are made of thin sheet cold-rolled steel profiles, have a paint-and-varnish or other protective coating against corrosion. The known prefabricated greenhouse has limitations in width, so with a width of more than 4 meters, its spatial rigidity, especially in the part of arched structures, becomes insufficient, and the greenhouse also has insufficient thermal insulation properties.

Known greenhouse, which contains a metal prefabricated frame and a translucent coating. The metal frame is assembled from sections - extreme and intermediate, which are volumetric through arches, consisting of flat arcuate trusses with curvature of variable radius, interconnected by girders in the form of curved arcs and frame trusses with a curved upper belt, and the end sections of flat arcuate trusses in the lower support parts, interconnected by flat rectangular frame structures (patent RU 134396, IPC A01G 9/14, publ. 20.11.2013), prototype. This greenhouse has insufficient thermal insulation and structural rigidity that can withstand heavy snow loads.

Known industrial hangar-type greenhouses (http://www.venlo.ru/index.php?page=1, date of access to page 15.10.2020) of the VENLO prototype company, containing a frame made of sections, each section has a gable rafter roof, end triangular structures with doors and vents, translucent cover, termination units. The disadvantages of these greenhouses are low strength (up to 20 kg / m ² ), low load on the suspension (up to 9.8 kg), high cost.

The task to be solved by the declared utility model is to improve the quality, strength, compliance with modern industrial growing technologies, an industrial greenhouse for year-round cultivation up to 7 meters high, the load on the suspension is from 25 kg / m ² , and simplification of assembly work, installation of the greenhouse frame and fixing the translucent cover.

The technical result achieved during the implementation of the claimed utility model consists in increasing the strength of the greenhouse and the reliability of fastening the translucent cover.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the greenhouse is a prefabricated hangar type, characterized by the fact that it has a frame with a translucent coating and termination units, made of sections, which are two end sections with doors and vents, and installed between them with a connection of sections in the form of rafter gable frame trusses, the slopes of which are formed by flat trusses with parallel lower and upper chords, and have nodes of articulation with wall posts (supports), while flat trusses are interconnected by girders in the form of longitudinal parts, and all frame parts have a protective coating against corrosion and are made of of a thin-sheet cold-rolled steel profile made of galvanized steel for light steel thin-walled structures of LSTC, having a shape as shown in FIG. 2, and the joints of the slopes with the wall posts are made of additional profiles fixed on both sides of the posts in the form of a pocket for transferring the bending moment from the truss rafters to the assembly from the posts, while the pitch of the inner lathing of the gable truss truss with parallel lower and upper chords and tightening, less near the supports and wider than the step along the main slope.

The use in the structure of the greenhouse frame of a profile made of galvanized steel for light steel thin-walled structures of the LSTC, having a shape as shown in Fig. 2, provides low metal consumption with high load-bearing characteristics of sections, which affects the strength of the greenhouse.

The implementation of joints of slopes with wall uprights from additional profiles fixed on both sides of the uprights in the form of a pocket ensures the transfer (redistribution) of bending moments from truss rafters to an assembly of 2-4 uprights, which in turn allows providing an extremely rigid transverse frame designed for operation in any snow and wind regions.

The implementation of a gable truss with a parallel lower and upper chord and a tightening, in which the pitch of the inner lathing is smaller near the supports and wider along the main slope, redistributes (transforms) bending moments into compressive-tensile forces of the truss elements, thereby ensuring the strength of the structure.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings:

in fig. 1 - General view of the greenhouse;

in fig. 2 - view of the profile of the greenhouse frame;

in fig. 3 is a side view of the joint assembly of the greenhouse;

in fig. 4 - view of the joint of the greenhouse, end view;

in fig. 5 is a view of a triangular frame truss of a greenhouse structure;

in fig. 6 - the end of the greenhouse.

FIG. 1 shows a prefabricated hangar-type greenhouse, for the assembly of which parts and assemblies are used, made of a thin sheet cold-rolled galvanized steel profile, shaped as shown in FIG. 2. The shape of the profile (the ratio of the moments of inertia about the axes, the ratio of the thickness of the metal to the geometric dimensions of the profile) are selected in an optimal way to maintain low metal consumption with high bearing characteristics of the sections. The thickness of the zinc layer of 18-27 microns, according to the study of the American Institute of Steel and Alloys (AISI), allows even in the most unfavorable conditions of the salt sea climate to achieve a durability of at least 80 years before the depletion of the zinc coating.

A prefabricated greenhouse of an agaric type contains a frame 1, made of sections: end sections 2 and 3 and installed between them with a connection of the section in the form of rafter gable frame trusses 4 (hereinafter frame trusses 4), the slopes of which are formed by flat trusses with parallel lower and upper chords, the frame is covered with a translucent coating 5. The flat trusses are interconnected by girders 10 in the form of longitudinal parts. End sections 2 and 3 are equipped with vents and entrance doors 6.

Each frame girder 4 (Fig. 5) contains wall posts 7, gable truss 8, articulation unit 9. Articulation unit 9 of slopes 8 with wall pillars 7 is made in the form of a pocket (Fig. 3, Fig. 4) for transferring the bending moment from truss rafters for assembly from racks, which allows you to create a rigid transverse frame designed for operation in any snow and wind regions of Russia according to SP20 and SP107.

The step of the inner lathing of the gable truss 4 with a parallel lower and upper chord and a tightening is smaller near the supports and wider than the step along the main slope. This design allows the greenhouse to withstand snow loads of up to 320 kilograms per 1 square meter with a relatively low metal consumption.

Frame trusses 4 are interconnected by girders from a profile with a large moment of resistance along the vertical axis. In the places where the girders adjoin the frame, a stamping is made, which makes the knot strong, at the same time unfastening all the trusses from the vertical plane. This allows you to achieve high geometric accuracy of the design and at the same time to increase the assembly speed, because makes it unnecessary to use any measuring tools at the stage of assembling the frame - all punchings, cuts, abutments are calculated in advance on a 3d model and incorporated into the production program. When assembling, structures are simply combined and inserted into each other, which ensures high assembly accuracy and eliminates installation errors.

The end panels 2 and 3 of the greenhouses (Fig. 6) are made of the same profile as the side bearing racks, while the pitch of the vertical racks (2130 mm) is also selected for laying sheets of cellular polycarbonate. At the ends 2 or 3, openings of the required dimensions are made and door leaves 6 are also installed from the LSTK profile.

The assembly of the heifer is carried out as follows.

The greenhouse is installed on a pre-designed foundation by means of fastening through the embedded inserts made for the project. The assembly takes place on the basis of the section of the working documentation of the KM project (Metal Structures). In production, steel with a yield point of at least 350 MPa, zinc coating of at least 275 g / m ^{2 is used} . Each part is pre-labeled and packaged in panels according to the project. At the site, workers use a screwdriver to assemble the panels and connect them using the self-tapping screws that are included in the kit. It takes 4 days and 6 workers to assemble a greenhouse with an area of 1 000 m2. No other construction equipment is required to install the greenhouses, which reduces the assembly cost.

Using the proposed greenhouse will improve the quality and simplify the assembly and installation of metal frames. Because of this, the operational possibilities of using a greenhouse with a height of up to 7 meters in areas with a snow load from 120 to 320 kilograms per 1 square meter are expanding, increasing the rigidity, strength and lightness of the metal frame of the greenhouse, improving the reliability of fastening the translucent cover.

The proposed useful model can find application in the cultivation of vegetables and other agricultural crops in greenhouse complexes and large farms.

Claims (1)

A prefabricated hangar-type greenhouse, characterized by the fact that it has a frame with a translucent coating and termination units, made of sections, which are two end sections with doors and vents, and installed between them with the connection of the section in the form of rafter gable frame trusses, the slopes of which are formed by flat trusses with parallel lower and upper chords, and have nodes of articulation with wall posts (supports), while flat trusses are interconnected by girders in the form of longitudinal parts, and all frame parts have a protective coating against corrosion and are made of a cold-rolled sheet steel profile made of galvanized steel for light steel thin-walled structures LSTC having a shape as shown in FIG. 2, and the joints of the slopes with the wall posts are made of additional profiles fixed on both sides of the posts in the form of a pocket for transferring the bending moment from the truss rafters to the assembly from the posts, while the pitch of the inner lathing of the gable truss truss with parallel lower and upper chords and tightening, less near the supports and wider than the step along the main slope.

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