RU205396U1 - IMPROVED DESIGN OF FIRE CUTTING WITH THERMO STEAM IN SYSTEMS OF HINGED VENTILATED FACADES - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of construction and can be used in the enclosing structures of buildings and structures - hinged ventilated facades (RVF). The main purpose of this constructive proposal is to slow down the spread of fire in a fire in buildings and structures with hinged ventilated facades. The proposed ways to improve this design provide a more effective system for blocking the spread of fire across the entire width of the building facade while minimizing the negative impact of the cut on the air flow parameters during normal operation. The result is a slowdown in the spread of fire during a fire in buildings and structures with hinged ventilated facades, as well as an increase in the efficiency of the fire cut with a more effective system for blocking the spread of fire across the entire width of the building facade while minimizing the negative effect of the cut on the air flow parameters during normal work. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of construction and can be used in the enclosing structures of buildings and structures - hinged ventilated facades (RVF). The main purpose of this constructive proposal is to slow down the spread of fire in a fire in buildings and structures with hinged ventilated facades.

At the moment, there are only stationary incisions installed inside the gap of the hinged ventilated facade during installation and located there both in case of an emergency and during the rest of the operation of the structure. However, the cuttings interfere with the operation of the structure under normal conditions, interfering with the correct operation of the system of hinged ventilated facades. The improved design assumes free air flow under normal conditions and a sharp reduction in the supply of air and oxygen due to the cut on the springs during an emergency - fire.

A ventilated building envelope is known from the prior art, comprising a heat-insulating layer attached to the carrier layer and an outer screen placed on the heat-insulating layer to form an air channel (1308727 A1, E04B 1/70, SU 1491985 A1, E04B 1/70). The disadvantage of the known implementation of the ventilated enclosure can be attributed to the lack of means that prevent the spread of flame through the air channel. If a fire occurs in a building with such a structure, then with an air flow in the gap, the fire spreads at a high speed throughout the building.

Known hinged ventilated fencing with fire protection elements (RU 18720 U1), containing a heat-insulating layer attached to the carrier layer, and an outer screen placed with a gap on the heat-insulating layer with the formation of an air channel, according to the utility model, includes flat horizontal elements installed in the air channel , made of perforated sheets, which are fixed at the floor level by means of brackets. The disadvantage of this solution is that the cut is stationary and, despite the perforation of the cut, the degree of which is determined by calculations for air exchange, it has a significant negative effect on the organization of air flow in the IAF system and the structure is not able to fully perform the declared functions, including In addition, there is no effective removal of moisture by the air stream, the declared thermal protection is not achieved due to waterlogging of the structure. In fact, the facade, depending on the degree of perforation of the fire cut, becomes poorly ventilated or not ventilated.

The closest technical solution to the claimed is the solution described in a scientific article [E.V. Shesterova, D.V. Nemova, M.R. Petrichenko. Improved design of fire-prevention strips in illegal armed groups // Construction of unique buildings and structures. 2016, No. 7 (46), S. 35-49]. The authors proposed an improved design of a fire-prevention cut in the systems of hinged ventilated facades on springs with a polyamide thread, which works only during an emergency - a fire. The rest of the time, it is in a vertical position and creates only negligible losses of the flow rate at local resistances and does not interfere with the operation of the structure and the movement of air in the gap.

The disadvantage of this design is that it provides for the possibility of blocking a fire only locally, while the ignition process often occurs not only locally, but spreads over the entire width of the facade (convective flows contribute to this, and in the event of a fire, their effect is greatly increased). For this reason, it is necessary to provide for blocking the air flow across the entire width of the façade.

The analysis of patent and scientific and technical literature did not reveal technical solutions with such a set of essential features, which allows us to conclude that the proposed utility model meets the “novelty” criterion.

Despite the large amount of research and development on this topic, there is potential for the development of constructive proposals for improving this design with a more effective system for blocking the spread of fire across the entire width of the facade of the building, while ensuring that the negative impact of the cut on the parameters of the air flow during normal operation is minimized.

At the moment, there are either stationary incisions installed inside the gap during installation and located there both in case of an emergency, and during the rest of the operation of the structure. However, the cuttings interfere with the operation of the structure under normal conditions.

Or, the possibility of blocking the fire only locally is provided, while the ignition process often occurs not only locally, but spreads over the entire width of the facade (convective flows contribute to this, and in the event of a fire, their effect is greatly increased).

The proposed ways to improve this design provide a more effective system for blocking the spread of fire across the entire width of the building facade while minimizing the negative impact of the cut on the air flow parameters during normal operation.

The technical result of the claimed technical solution is to slow down the spread of fire in a fire in buildings and structures with hinged ventilated facades, as well as to increase the efficiency of the fire cut with a more effective system for blocking the spread of fire along the entire width of the building facade while minimizing the negative effect of the cut on the air flow parameters during regular work.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the design of the fire cut with a horizontal step of 1-1.5 m, a thermocouple is installed below the fire cut, which, in the event of a fire, sends a signal to the control panel. After that, the heating elements that are installed at each thread of the fire cut are turned on. In this case, at the point of contact between the heating element and the polyamide thread, the thread breaks. As a result, the air flow is blocked, and the flame does not spread due to free convective currents.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings. FIG. 1 shows an improved design of a fire-prevention cut with a thermocouple in systems of hinged ventilated facades, where: 1 - wall; 2 - insulation; 3 - air gap; 4 - facade cladding, cassettes; 5 - corner; 6 - torsion spring; 7 - fire cut; 8 - polyamide plastic thread; 9 - anchor; 10 - main bearing bracket; 11 - additional bracket; 12 - thermocouple; 13 - heating element (incandescent spiral).

FIG. 2 shows a fire cut, where: 5 - corner; 6 - torsion spring; 7 - fire cut; 8 - polyamide plastic thread; 13 - heating element (incandescent spiral).

The advanced thermocouple fire cut design is of the type shown in FIG. 1 and is implemented as follows:

The angle bracket is fixed with dowels to the main bearing element - the wall and is installed in the vertical space between the brackets so as not to interfere with the installation of the cladding panels. The distance between the two corners can vary depending on the design requirement. A fire cut is installed on the bracket in a vertical position. It is fixed by means of a shaft passing through the center of the cut, entering a pin fixed in a hole in the bracket of the "Light" system or bracket-angle. Also, to ensure rotation at the time of an emergency, torsion springs are installed between the pin and the notch in the center on both sides and with the help of one polymer thread in the center. Thus, the spring is in tension, in a state where it "wants to push" the cut, and the thread prevents this. Thus, the cut does not interfere with the operation of the air gap in normal situations.

Due to the fact that the combustion process does not occur locally, but spreads over the entire width of the facade (convective flows contribute to this, and in the event of a fire, their effect is greatly increased), it is necessary to provide for blocking air flows along the entire width of the facade. To do this, with a horizontal step of 1-1.5 m, a thermocouple (12) is installed slightly below the fire cut, which, in the event of a fire, sends a signal to the control panel. Then the heating elements (13) are turned on, which are installed at each thread of the fire cut. In this case, at the point of contact between the heating element and the polyamide thread, the thread breaks and the tensioned spring pushes the cut by 90 °, bringing it to a horizontal position and stopping the air flow, this blocks the access of oxygen to the fire site and leads to its non-proliferation and subsequent cessation. As a result, the air flow is blocked, and the flame does not spread due to free convective currents.

As can be seen from the diagram, the new design of the cut blocks the spread of fire across the entire width of the building facade while minimizing the negative impact of the cut on the air flow parameters during normal operation. The structure works only during an emergency - fire. The rest of the time, it is in a vertical position and creates only negligible losses of the flow rate at local resistances and does not interfere with the operation of the structure and the movement of air in the gap. This design is distinguished by the vertical arrangement of the cut in the normal mode. There are no structures that do not interfere with the operation of the air gap in the hinged ventilated facade under normal operating conditions and prevent the spread of fire in the event of a fire. At the same time, the proposed ways of improving this design, which distinguish it from analogues, provide a more effective system for blocking the spread of fire along the entire width of the building facade while minimizing the negative impact of the cut on the air flow parameters during normal operation.

Claims (1)

Improved design of a fire-prevention cut with a thermocouple in systems of hinged ventilated facades, consisting of an angle bracket, a fire cut, vertically fixed with a shaft passing through the center of the cut, entering a pin fixed in the hole of the bracket, torsion springs installed centrally on both sides between the pin and the cut and being in tension, as well as a polyamide plastic thread fixed between the pin and the cut and holding the spring in tension, characterized in that a heating element is installed on the bracket near the place of attachment of the polyamide thread, which can be turned on when a signal from thermocouples.

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