RU2053139C1 - Transfer case - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering. SUBSTANCE: number of speeds is increased owing to freely fitting the gears on shafts; planetary mechanism not only increases number of speeds, but increases range of transmission and provides reverse owing to operation under summing up duty at which torque is applied to sun gear 12 and carrier 14 and is removed from epicyclic wheel 16. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to transport engineering, to the transmission of transport vehicles.

 Known transfer case (RK), consisting of a speed gearbox (KP), combined with an interaxle differential, containing gears, shafts, their bearings, gear shifting devices used on domestic and foreign cars (Osepchugov V.V. and Frumkin A.K. Automobile: Structural Analysis, Calculation Elements. M. Mechanical Engineering, 1989, p. 304).

 These transmission units are metal-intensive, have limited kinematic capabilities.

 Closest to the proposed one is the KAZ-4540 automobile gearbox consisting of an 8-speed gearbox combined with a single-stage differential gearbox containing 16 gears (13 in the gearbox and 3 in the gearbox), a differential, 4 shift clutches and a differential lock clutch (ibid., fig. 40 and 50, p. 63 and 74).

 Such a RC has a high metal consumption with limited kinematic capabilities, since 16 gears are required to separate the power flow in 8 gears.

 The aim of the invention is to reduce the metal consumption of the unit while expanding the kinematic capabilities.

 The goal is achieved by the fact that 4 gears are freely mounted on the input shaft of the gearbox, two of them are combined into a block, a shift clutch is installed on the hub of the input shaft between the individual gears, the individual gears are engaged with the gears mounted on the tubular shaft of the planetary gear of the sun gear, carrier this mechanism has two gear crowns, one of them is located on the coaxial shaft between freely mounted gears engaged with the gear block of the input shaft, the second crown with the clutch the shift is located between the epicyclic wheel of the planetary gear and the ring gear of the differential drive, the dual clutch is located in the middle of the gearbox on the gears of both shafts.

 Figure 1 shows a diagram of a transfer case having 12 forward gears and 2 reverse gears.

 Figure 2 shows the radiation diagram of this RK. The vertical beam corresponds to a gear ratio of 1.0. A beam directed to the right indicates a deceleration gear; the more positive the beam, the greater the gear ratio of a pair of gears or gears. A beam pointing to the left indicates an accelerating gear.

 Figure 3 shows the position of the clutch in different gears.

 In the bearings of the housing 1 there is a primary shaft 2 on which four gears 3-6 are freely mounted, and gears 5 and 6 are combined into a block, these gears are engaged with gears 7-10 located on the tubular shaft 11. Gears 7 and 8 are mounted on this shaft and gear 9 is installed freely. On the shaft 11 is fixed the sun gear 12 of the planetary mechanism. The coaxial shaft 13, located on the shaft 11, connects the carrier 14 with a ring gear located between the gears 9 and 10. The gear 10 relative to the shaft 13 is installed freely. The satellites 15 located on the carrier 14 are engaged with the sun gear 12 and the epicyclic wheel 16. The shaft 17 extends inside the tubular shaft 11 and is connected to the differential gear 18. The carrier 19 (housing) of the differential is connected by a tubular shaft to the ring gear 20 located between the differential and the planetary mechanism. Satellites 21 located on the differential carrier 19 are engaged with gears 18 and 22. Gear 18 is mounted on the front axle drive shaft 17, and gear 22 on the rear axle shaft or rear axle axles 23. The differential can be either symmetric or asymmetric (Fig. 1) or of another type. Shift clutch A is located on the hub of the input shaft 2 between gears 3 and 4, twin clutch B is located on the gears of both shafts between gears 4-5 and 8-9, clutch C is mounted on the gear ring of the coaxial shaft 13 between gears 9 and 10. Clutch D mounted on the ring gear 20 of the carrier 19, and the differential lock clutch E is located between any two of its links, for example between gears 18 and 22.

 The work of the Republic of Kazakhstan is as follows.

 The planetary mechanism at the exit from the gearbox operates in two modes. The first mode, in which the moment is applied to the mechanism by the sun gear 12 and the carrier 14, the satellites 15 add both flows on the epicyclic wheel 16 and are removed from it by the differential clutch D from the link. In this way, reverse gears as well as forward gears 1, 2, 6 and 8 are obtained. Other gears are obtained by direct transmission of torque through a planetary mechanism on carrier 14 and clutch D to the differential.

 Transmission 1. Clutches A and D are in the left position, and couplings B and C in the right (figure 3).

 The torque to the differential comes in two streams: the first stream at high speed from the input shaft 2 through the coupling A with gears 3-7 (Fig. 1) is transmitted to the shaft 11 and the sun gear 12 of the planetary mechanism. The second stream from the primary shaft 2 to the shaft 11 is transmitted, like the first stream, further from gear 8 through clutch B to gears 9-5, along the block on gears 6-10, along clutch C to coaxial shaft 13 and carrier 14. Both streams satellites 15 are summed up on the epicyclic wheel 16, and due to the difference in the rotation speeds of the sun gear and the carrier, there is a significant slowdown in the rotation of the epicyclic wheel. From the epicyclic wheel 16 by the clutch D, the moment is transmitted to the ring gear 20 and the differential carrier 16, the satellites 21 are divided into two streams in proportion to the radii of the gears 18 and 22. The first stream from gear 18 along the shaft 17 is directed to the front axle of the vehicle, the second stream from the gear 22 on the shaft 23 is directed to the rear axle or rear axle carriage.

 In the radiation diagram (figure 2), this transmission is represented by rays emerging from point O and converging at point 1 on the axis of the logarithm of the gear ratio. The first stream consists of two rays: 3-7 vertically downward and ray 11-12-15 directed hollow down to the right. The second stream consists of four beams: also a beam 3-7, then a beam 9-5 to the left up, a gentle beam 6-10 to the right down and a beam 13-14-15 also to the right down to point 1. On the lower scale, this gear corresponds to the gear ratio more than 10.

 Gear 2. Switch the clutch A to the right position (figure 3).

 As in transmission, 1 moment is transmitted by two streams. The moment is transmitted to the sun gear 12 via an accelerating pair of gears 4-8 (Fig. 1), otherwise this transmission corresponds to gear 1.

 In the radiation diagram, transmission 2 differs from the first by shifting the first beam 4-8 to the left down (FIG. 2), instead of beam 3-7.

 Transmission 3. Switch the clutch A and B in the left position, and the clutch D in the right (figure 3).

 To shaft 11, the moment is transmitted, as in gear 1, then through gears 8-4, clutch B, along the block of gears, gears 6-10, clutch C, shaft 13, carrier 14, clutch D to crown 20 and further, as in the previous ones gears (figure 1).

 In the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by four beams: a vertical beam of gears 3-7 from point O, a beam of gears 8-4 to the right upward, a beam of gears 6-10 sloping right to the bottom and the last vertical beam, the connection between the shaft 13 and the carrier 19 to point 3 on the axis of the logarithm of the gear ratio (Fig. 2).

 Transmission 4. Switch the clutch A to the right position (figure 3).

 From the input shaft 2 (Fig. 1), clutch A transfers the moment to gear 4, clutch B to the gear block, then in the previous gear.

 In the beam diagram (Fig. 2), this transmission is represented by two beams: a gentle beam of gears 6-10 and a vertical beam.

 Transmission 5. Switch the clutch A to the left, and the clutch B to the right position (figure 3).

 The torque transmission corresponds to the second transmission stream 1.

 Rays 3-7, 9-5, 6-10 and a vertical ray to point 5 represent this transmission (figure 2).

 Transmission 6. Switch the clutch B, C and D to the left position, all the clutches in the left position (figure 3).

 Torque is transmitted by two streams (figure 1). The first stream corresponds to gear 1, the second stream to the gear block corresponds to gear 3, after the clutch At the moment it is transmitted by gears 5-9, clutch C and further, as in gears 1 and 2. Since the difference in the rotation speeds of the sun gear 12 and carrier 14 is much smaller than for gears 1 and 2, the slowdown in the rotation speed of the epicyclic wheel 16 is less significant.

 In the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by two streams of rays. The second beam of the first stream is much steeper than for transmission 1. The first rays of the second stream 3-7 and 8-4 correspond to transmission 1, then the beam 5-9 is directed steeply down to the right, the last beam 13-14-15 also converges steeply down to the right point 6 with a beam 11-12-15 of the first stream (figure 2).

 Transmission 7. Switch all the clutches to the right position (figure 3).

 The torque transmission corresponds to the second transmission stream 2.

 Rays 4-8, 9-5, 6-10 and vertical to point 7 represent this transmission (figure 2).

 Transmission 8. Switch the clutch B, C and D in the left position (figure 3).

 Torque is transmitted by two streams. The first stream corresponds to gear 2 (Fig. 1), the second stream from the input shaft 2 by clutch B and gears 5-9 is transmitted by clutch C and further, as in gear 6.

 In the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by four rays. The first stream: 4-8 and 11-12-15, the second stream: 5-9 and 13-14-15 to point 8 (figure 2).

 Transmission 9. Switch the clutch A to the left, and the clutch D to the right position (figure 3).

 The torque is transmitted in one stream, which corresponds to the second transmission stream 6, but the output of the planetary mechanism is connected to the carrier 14, and not to the epicyclic wheel 16 (Fig. 1).

 Four beams: 3-7, 8-4, 5-9 and a vertical beam to point 9 represent this transmission (figure 2).

 Transmission 10. Switch clutch A to the right position (figure 3).

 From the input shaft 2, the moment is transmitted by clutch A, gear 4, clutch B, gears 5-9 and beyond, if not the previous gear (figure 1).

 Two beams: 5-9 and vertical to point 10 indicate this transmission (Fig. 2).

 Transmission 11. Switch the clutch A to the left, and the clutch B to the right position (figure 3).

 The moment a pair of gears 3-7 is transmitted to the shaft 11, then the clutch B, gear 9, clutch C, then, as in previous gears.

 Two vertical beams 3-7 and 13-19 indicate this transmission.

 Transmission 12. Switch the clutch A to the right position (figure 3).

 The moment is transmitted by a pair of gears 4-8, then, as in previous gears.

 On the beam diagram, two beams: 4-8 and 13-19 correspond to this transmission.

 Reverse. A change in the direction of rotation of the epicyclic wheel 16 occurs when the difference in rotation speeds of the sun gear 12 and the carrier 14 increases.

 Transmission 1. Clutches A, B and D are in the left position, and the clutch C in the right position (figure 3).

 Torque comes in two threads. The first stream corresponds to forward gear 1. Compared to the specified transmission, the carrier 14 rotates more slowly, since the torque is transmitted from the shaft 11 not via an accelerating pair of gears 9-5, but through a decelerating 8-4 (Fig. 1).

 In the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by two streams of rays. The first stream is a vertical beam 3-7 from point O, then a gentle beam 11-12-15 to the right up to point 1 on the axis of the logarithm of the reverse gear ratio. The second stream after the vertical beam 3-7 branches beam 8-4 steeply to the right upward, the gentle beam 6-10 to the right downward and beam 13-14-15 to the right upward to point 1 (Fig. 2).

 Gear 2. Switch the clutch A to the right position (figure 3).

 It differs from forward gear 2 by the exception from the second stream of pairs of gears 4-8 and 9-5, the moment 14 enters the carrier 14 immediately along gears 6-10 (Fig. 1).

 In the radiation diagram (figure 2) this transmission is represented by two streams of rays. The first beam stream 4-8 down to the left and the beam 11-12-15 shallow to the right up, the second stream the gentle beam 6-10 to the right down and the beam 13-14-15 to the right up to point 2 on the axis of the logarithm of the reverse gear ratio.

 The nature of the gear distribution changes when the gear ratios of the pairs of gears and the planetary gear change.

 The economic effect is expressed in improving the operational characteristics of the vehicle due to the expansion of the kinematic capabilities of the Republic of Kazakhstan with a decrease in its metal consumption received 12 gears using 16 gears, as in the prototype.

Claims (1)

 A TRANSFER BOX containing a gearbox and a differential, including shafts, gears and shift clutches, characterized in that four gears are freely mounted on the input shaft of the gearbox, two of them are combined in a block, on the hub of the input shaft between the individual gears engaged with the gears, fixed on the tubular shaft of the planetary gear sun gear drive, a shift clutch is located, the planetary gear carrier is connected by means of a coaxial shaft mounted on the tubular shaft , with a hub and a shift clutch located between freely mounted gears engaged with the gear block of the input shaft, a double clutch is located between the middle gears, another clutch is installed between the planetary gear and the differential, one of the driven differential gears is mounted on the shaft passing through the tubular gearbox shaft.

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