RU2049070C1 - Device for cleaning and conditioning water - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cleaning water. SUBSTANCE: device has tank provided with two beds for treating water in two stages. The first bed is made of schungite containing 30-70% of silica and aluminosilicate. The second bed is made of dolomite containing no more than 0.1% by weight, of organic components, 1.5-2% of sulfur, and 0.3-0.6% of nitrogen. The device can be submerged. In this case, the tank comprises two parts. The first part contains layer made of schungite. The second part has layer made of dolomite. At least a section of surface of each part is made of a porous material. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the production of drinking water and can be used for purification and conditioning of tap, natural and waste water.

 A device for the purification and conditioning of water [1] comprising a tank with a load of coral sand from a natural substance placed therein.

 The disadvantage of this device is the lack of treated water substances that are biologically active in relation to the cellular substance of a living organism, containing nitrogen and sulfur. This is due to the fact that the content of nitrogen and sulfur in the impurity organic matter of coral sand is very small. In addition, the content of calcium and magnesium salts in the treated water decreases during storage, due to the absence of substances that significantly affect this process in the composition of coral sand.

A device is also known that partially solves the problem of water purification and conditioning due to the sorption of impurities by coal, as well as its mineralization with dolomite [2]
The device includes a tank with a loading layer for treatment of water, which consists of a mixture of coal and dolomite, placed in it on the drainage surface.

 The disadvantage of this device is that in the fossil or charcoal used for sorption purification, the content of the siliceous component is small and ranges from percent to their hundredths, depending on the type and type of pre-treatment. Silica contained in coals does not form a regularly organized spatial structure; therefore, the interaction of the surface of coal with water can hardly lead to the transition of polysilicic acids into the aqueous phase. In this case, only a small amount of silicic acids of simple composition and simple structure can be transferred to the aqueous phase. The molecules of such acids could not interact with complex organic compounds containing sulfur and nitrogen, which are part of dolomite rocks, including organic components, and would not allow the organic compound to pass into the aqueous phase. The problem of preserving the content of calcium and magnesium salts during storage of the water treated in the device has not been solved, due to the absence of sorbents of natural origin with it that significantly affect this process.

 Closest to the invention in general terms is a device for purifying and conditioning water [3] comprising a container with filter layers located therein for a two-stage water treatment, one of the filter layers being made of sorbent. This device performs only the task of purifying water by multi-stage filtration or by combining this process with a single-stage sorbent treatment.

 The disadvantage of this device is the inability to effectively purify water from heavy metals, organic and bacterial contaminants, as well as the simultaneous conditioning of its trace elements.

 The aim of the invention is to remedy these shortcomings.

 Figure 1 shows a device for cleaning and conditioning water; figure 2 the same, with a capacity of collapsible parts; figure 3 the device is in operation.

 The device comprises a container 1, a tube 2 installed therein for supplying purified water. In the tank 1 are placed the loading layers for two-stage water treatment, respectively 3 and 4. The loading layer 3 is made of schungite with a total content of silica and aluminosilicates of 30-70% and the loading layer 4 is made of dolomite rock containing organic components in an amount of not more than 0 , 1% of its mass, including sulfur 1.5-2% nitrogen 0.3-0.6% by weight of organic matter. Porous partitions 5 separating the loading layers are also installed in the container 1. However, the device can be performed without them, the loading layers in this case are located on top of each other. The device can be made with the supply of cleaning water from top to bottom and from bottom to top, as well as submersible. An outlet pipe 6 is placed in the wall of the tank 1 for draining the treated water to the consumer.

 Figure 2 shows a submersible type device.

 The device comprises a container made in the form of two parts: for the first stage of water treatment filled with schungite 3, and the second stage of water treatment filled with dolomite 4. At least part of the surface of each of the parts of the tank 7 and 8 is made of porous material. The pores of the container, it is advisable to perform a size of 1-100 microns.

 The device operates as follows.

 The purified water enters the tank 1 through the tube 2, rises countercurrently and passes through the successively arranged loading layers 3 and 4. The water can be pre-filtered to remove suspended contaminants and subjected to a reagent treatment, for example, chlorine. Layer 3 for the first stage of water treatment in the device is made of schungite, which is a rock containing aluminosilicates, quartz and amorphous (schungite) carbon. Shungite with a total content of silica and aluminosilicates of 30-70% of its mass was selected for loading in the device. When water interacts with it, a number of physicochemical processes occur, including the oxidation and sorption of harmful impurities in the water, acidification of the water, as well as the dissolution of a part of the siliceous component of schungite and the transfer of polysilicic acid molecules into the water capable of complexing with polyvalent metals and organic compounds of complex structure. Then, water containing micro amounts of polysilicic acid passes through a porous septum 5 and a layer of dolomite rock 4 containing organic components of at least 0.1% of its mass, including sulfur 1-2% nitrogen, 0.3-0.6% mass of organic matter.

 The polysilicic acid molecules contained in water interact with organic substances of dolomite rock, partially converting them into solution in the form of complex hydrophilic complexes containing organic substances containing nitrogen and sulfur and having biological activity with respect to the cellular material of a living organism. Processed in the proposed device, the water enters through the outlet pipe 6 to the consumer.

 The device (figure 2 and 3) works as follows.

 First, a part of the container filled with shungite 3 is immersed in the tank filled with the water to be purified, then the part of the container filled with dolomite 4 is taken out and instead of it. After the latter has been taken out, the water is suitable for consumption.

 The experiments, the results of which are given in table. 1-3, show that water treatment using the proposed device leads to its neutralization from impurities of heavy metals and organic substances, disinfection, transition of calcium and magnesium ions into water and enrichment of water with microimpurities of biologically active substances that have a beneficial effect on the human body. In this case, the desired concentration of calcium and magnesium is stored in water for a long time.

Claims (3)

 1. DEVICE FOR CLEANING AND CONDITIONING WATER, containing a container and layers for two-stage water treatment, characterized in that the first layer along the treated water is made of schungite with a total content of silica and aluminosilicates of 30–70% and the second of dolomite containing organic components not more than 0.1% by weight, including: sulfur 1.5 2% nitrogen 0.3 0.6% by weight of organic matter.  2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the container is made of two detachable parts, one of which is a layer of schungite, and the other a layer of dolomite, and part of the side surface of each is made of porous material.  3. The device according to p. 2, characterized in that the porous material of the container filled with schungite has a pore size of 1 100 microns.

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