RU2047404C1 - Plant for sizing powder-like materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering. SUBSTANCE: plant divides different materials into several fractions (three and more) at low power consumption and operating costs. The plant has the assembly for feeding the initial material, main 1 and two additional 2 and 3 modules. Each module has a cylindrical housing with the conical lower part, branch pipes for the material supply and for the withdrawal of fine and large fractions of the product, branch pipe for feeding the classifying gas (air), turbulator placed in the housing, two cylindrical insertions, deflector for the material distribution with the top directed contrary to the material movement, means for creating the directed gas flows and collectors of the ready-made product. The branch pipe for the withdrawal of the fine fraction of the product of each additional module is in communication with the settling vessel equipped with a deflecting fixture, branch pipe for the product withdrawal and branch pipe for gas (air) feeding. Settling vessel 20 of first additional module 2 is hermetically connected with the housing of the main module. Branch pipe for withdrawing the large fraction of main module 1 is in communication with the branch pipe for the material feeding of first additional module 2. Branch pipe 23 for withdrawing from the settling vessel of the first additional module is in communication with branch pipe 9 for the material feeding of second additional module 2 through unloader 25. All branch pipes for the gas feeding into the main and additional modules are equipped with flow regulators. EFFECT: enhanced quality of separating the powder-like materials into fractions by the air separations. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the pneumatic classification of various materials in an upward gas flow and is intended for the separation of powders with an initial particle size of 2-3 mm into three or more products by boundary grain from 40 microns and above.

 The proposed installation can be used to classify difficult materials containing a significant amount of particles less than 20 microns and capable of forming stable conglomerates and can be used to separate bulk materials into several fractions (three or more) in the metallurgical, mining, construction and other industries. It can also be used in technological processes requiring increased accuracy of separation of finely dispersed materials in mica, cement, ceramic, pharmaceutical, flour, chemical and other industries.

 Known installations for the pneumatic classification of powdered materials into several fractions in an upward turbulent flow [1 4] However, all known devices are not sufficiently effective in operation, because they carry out the principle of the repeated process of separation of one of the fractions (small or large) and the subsequent separation of the other fraction.

A device for separating powdered materials by size is known, which allows classification to be carried out efficiently by creating preliminary fluidization of the starting material and optimizing the aerodynamic regime. The classification apparatus (module) contains a housing with two cylindrical inserts mounted coaxially inside it and a fairing located between them with a vertex facing in the opposite direction to the direction of movement of the source material. Between the side surface of the housing and the inserts placed a turbulator formed by spiral guides mounted on cylindrical inserts [1]
As already noted, this device is quite effective in operation, however, it is possible to separate materials into only two fractions in it.

 The basis of the invention is the task of creating such a device, which, carrying out effective gravity classification in the particle size range from 40 microns and above, would allow to divide the material into several fractions with minimal energy and space.

 This is achieved by the fact that the proposed installation for the separation of powdered materials by size into several fractions, including a feed unit for the source material, a classification module containing a cylindrical body with a conical lower part, nozzles for supplying the source material, output of fine and coarse fractions, respectively, the nozzle for supplying classification gas , a turbulator located in the housing between its lateral surface and two cylindrical inserts, between which a fairing for distribution of the valve is placed material to be classified, with the top of the fairing facing in the opposite direction to the direction of movement of the material, means for creating directed gas flows, collectors of the finished product, according to the invention, the installation contains additional classification modules and a small product outlet pipe for each of the additional modules is in communication with a precipitation chamber equipped with a breaker , a product outlet pipe and a gas supply pipe; the outlet pipe of the coarse fraction of the main module is in communication with the supply pipe of the first additional module, the precipitation chamber of the first additional module is hermetically connected to the main module body, and its product discharge pipe is in communication with the material supply pipe of the second additional module.

 The presence of an additional module located under the main classification module allows additional classification of a large fraction of the product of the main module. A large fraction is isolated as a product of the additional module, and a small (intermediate) fraction, deposited in the sedimentation chamber of the first additional module, is sent, in turn, for classification into the second additional module. This creates the possibility of simultaneous classification of large and small fractions of the product of the main module.

 The classification modules are placed relative to each other so that the classification air passes sequentially from the separation module of the larger product to the separation module of the smaller product, while additional refinement of the small product is carried out by moving the dust fraction from one module to another, in which it is again subjected to classification, thereby increasing its effectiveness.

 Consistent gas flow through additional modules in the main one also significantly reduces energy costs.

 Given that the cross section of the module is usually proportional to the load on it of the solid material, it can be made gradually decreasing from the main module to the additional ones, thereby significantly reducing the installation dimensions and its metal consumption.

 The proposed design makes it possible to combine the location of additional modules, thereby allowing you to create almost any combined scheme that is optimal for the separation of a particular material depending on its properties and particle size distribution. The latter also allows you to create installations for the separation of powdered materials by size into any desired number of fractions, while compared with the known significantly reduced installation dimensions, energy and operating costs.

 Figure 1 schematically shows a General view of the installation for the separation of powdered materials by size; figure 2 implementation diagram.

 The apparatus for separating powdered materials by size into several fractions, for example four, contains three classification modules 1,2,3, each of which has a lower conical part 4, 5, 6, respectively. Each of the classification modules 1, 2, 3 has respectively material input pipes 7, 8, 9, output pipes large 10, 11, 12 and small 13, 14, 15 product fractions, two cylindrical inserts 16 and 17 and a fairing located between the inserts 18 with a vertex facing in the opposite direction to the classified material, and a turbulator 19 located in the housing between its lateral surface and cylindrical inserts 16 and 17. The turbulator 19 can be mounted either on cylindrical inserts 16 and 17, or rely on The yoke mounted on the bottom insert 17.

 The lower part 4 of module 1 is made in the form of a funnel, the tapering part of which (the outlet pipe for coarse fraction 10) is in communication with the pipe 8 for feeding the classified material to module 2. The pipe 14 for removing the fine fraction from module 2 is made in the form of a pipe and is concentric with respect to the pipe 8 feed material, forming an annular gap for the passage of the classified fine (intermediate) fraction.

 Between modules 1 and 2, a precipitation chamber 20 is provided, equipped with a chipping device 21, a gas supply pipe 22 and a pipe 23 for outputting the precipitated intermediate fraction. The bottom of the precipitation chamber 20 is inclined and communicated with the outlet pipe 23. The fender device 21 is mounted on the nozzle 10, made in the form of concentric shells 24 fastened to each other of different heights and serves to more efficiently separate the material from the dust and gas mixture sent from module 2 to module 3 for classification.

 The pipe 23 for outputting the precipitated intermediate fraction from the precipitation chamber 20 is equipped with a sealing shipper 25 and is in communication with the pipe 9 for supplying material to the module 3. The pipe 15 for outputting the fine fraction from the module 3 is in turn communicated with the precipitation chamber 26. The precipitation chamber 26 has a fencing device 27, product outlet pipe 28 and gas supply pipe 29. Settling chambers 20 and 26 of additional modules 2 and 3 are interconnected by highway 30. All gas supply pipes 22, 29, 31 and 32 are equipped with flow controllers, and the pipe to the starting material supply and withdrawal tubes sealed otgruzhatelyami different product fractions. The installation also includes a fan 33, the suction pipe of which through a cyclone 34 is connected by a highway to the pipe 13 for output of the fine fraction of module 1, and the discharge pipe of the fan is in communication with the pipes for supplying gas to the installation.

 Installation works as follows.

 The source material, together with the gas (air) sucked in from the atmosphere, flows from the funnel through the nozzle 7 into the cylindrical insert 16 of module 1 and falls onto the cone fairing 18. The material dissected by the tip of the fairing 18 flows uniformly onto the spiral guides of the turbulator 19. Under the action of the discharge from the suction pipe of the fan 33 connected to the line with the pipe 13 for unloading the small product of module 1 and the gas (air) flow through the air supply pipe 22, the movement of small about the product upward along the spiral guides of the turbulator 19. Due to the discharge, the small product is removed through the nozzle 13. Under the influence of its own weight, the large product moves downward along the spiral guides of the turbulator 19, falls into the lower conical part 4 (funnel), falls into its tapering part and through a coarse fraction outlet pipe 10, in communication with a material supply pipe 8 to module 2, falls onto the cowl 18 through a cylindrical insert 16 of module 2 and falls onto the spiral guides of the turbulator 19 of module 2, where the percent ss similar to that described for module 1. The major product under its own weight moves downwardly through the spiral guide and through the pipe 11 provided with a hermetic otgruzhatelem by gravity removed from the installation. The fine product (intermediate fraction) moves together with the gas flow upward along the spiral guides of the turbulator 19 of module 2 and through the annular gap formed by the material supply pipe 8 to module 2 and the fine fraction outlet pipe 14 from module 2, enters the precipitation chamber 20 Due to a sharp change in aerodynamic conditions from the dust and gas stream in contact with the flue device 21, a fine dedusted fraction (intermediate fraction) falls out, which falls on an inclined plane looking for and, moving along it under the influence of its own weight, it rolls into the pipe 23 and through the sealed shipper 25 it enters the pipe 9 for supplying material for subsequent classification to module 3. Part of the dust and gas mixture (the smallest particles of material) through the annular gap between the edges of the funnel 4 and the side surface of the housing of module 1 with the flow of gas (air) returns to the bottom of the turbulator 19 of module 1 for cleaning.

 In module 3, a classification similar to that described above for module 1 is carried out. A large product rolls under the action of its own weight into the lower conical part 6 of module 3 and is discharged from the installation through a pipe 12 equipped with a sealed unloader. A small product under the action of a gas (air) flow and due to the vacuum maintained in the installation moves upward along the spiral guides of the turbulator and along the annular gap formed by the material supply pipe 9 and the small product output pipe 15, enters the precipitation chamber 26, precipitates, falls on the inclined bottom of the chamber 26 and gravity is discharged through a pipe 28 provided with a hermetic shipper. The undeposited part from the precipitation chamber 26 together with the air flow is carried along the line 30 into the precipitation chamber 2 0.

 Thus, the proposed installation allows you to implement the classification scheme presented in figure 2.

 The proposed installation may contain a number of classification modules greater than three, and thus it is possible to implement various branched combined schemes that allow the materials to be divided into any desired number of fractions, while the intermediate fractions are divided into small and large products, which makes it possible in small areas and at low energy - and labor costs to carry out multifractional separation of various materials.

 The present invention allows the creation of installations whose designs can be flexibly modified depending on the requirements of specific industries.

Claims (1)

 INSTALLATION FOR SEPARATION OF POWDER-BASED MATERIALS BY MAJORITY, including a feed unit for the source material, a classification module containing a cylindrical body with a lower conical part, nozzles for supplying material and output, respectively, of fine and coarse fractions of the product, a nozzle for supplying classifying gas, a turbulator located in the case between its lateral a surface and two cylindrical inserts between which a fairing is placed to distribute the classified material with the vertex facing in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the material, a means of creating directional gas flows, collectors of the finished product, characterized in that it further comprises classification modules and precipitation chambers, each of which has a fenders, a discharge pipe and a gas supply pipe, while the small output pipe product fractions of each additional module are in communication with the precipitation chamber, the chamber of the first additional module is hermetically connected to the body of the main module, the pipe the output of a large fraction of the product of the main module is communicated with the material supply pipe of the first additional module, the discharge pipe of the precipitation chamber of the first additional module through the unloading device is communicated with the material supply pipe of the second additional module, and flow regulators are installed in the gas supply pipes in the main and additional modules.

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