RU2047306C1 - Device for fraction separation of liquid mixtures - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: separating materials. SUBSTANCE: device has evaporator, system for supplying initial mixture to the evaporator, and system for removing vapors and vat residue. The hose is positioned inside the space of the evaporator. The ends of the hose are bent inside toward each other to define a torus. Hopper-like branch pipes are positioned at the center of the torus. The branch pipes are drawn together through a tie by way of the driving reverse drum. The sprinkler is provided on one of the hopper-like branch pipes. The sprinkler injects initial mixture to the space to create rarefication when the ends of the hose and branch pipes are drawn together. EFFECT: improved design. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to chemical apparatus engineering and can be used for fractionation and separation of liquid mixtures by vacuum distillation of a liquid in a factory or laboratory environment.

A device for vacuum distillation, comprising a vacuum chamber made in the form of a Dewar vessel with cooled traps located on its walls [1]
The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of the process due to the small volume of the vacuum chamber.

A known apparatus for conducting vacuum distillation, including a chamber with a rotating evaporation surface and a source of electric heating above the chamber, nozzles for input and output of liquid [2]
The disadvantages of this device are the loss of the dispersed substance associated with overheating of the distillation product, the need for energy-intensive equipment for heating, insufficient process efficiency due to uneven heating of the liquid.

A device is known that contains an evaporator separated by a partition with a central opening, a pipe for steam output, nozzles for input and output of the original liquid mixture [3]
However, the known device is not effective enough due to temperature loss of fluid from the inlet chamber to the outlet.

 The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of mass transfer and reduce energy consumption for the process of separation of mixtures.

 The goal is achieved in that in the device for fractional separation of the liquid mixture, including the evaporator, the input system of the initial mixture into it and the steam removal system and the withdrawal of bottoms, the evaporator is made in the form of a cylindrical body, in the cavity of which an elastic sleeve is placed, the ends of which are folded inward towards each other, forming the shape of a torus, while funnel-shaped tubes fixed to the ends of the tubes are inserted into the core of the toroid-like sleeve, while one of the tubes carries a sprinkler nozzle, and the other is connected to the free end of the flexible rod enveloping the roller, mounted on the nozzle with a sprinkler nozzle and wound on a reversing drum located inside the evaporator body, while the feed fluid supply system is introduced into the housing cavity from the side of the reversing drum, and the steam and cube recovery systems residue have a conclusion from the cavity of the evaporator from the side of the sprinkler nozzle.

 The drawing shows a device.

 The proposed device includes a system 1 for supplying the initial mixture to the housing 2 of the evaporator, in which the drive reversing shaft 3 with the drum 4 is mounted. The cable 5 is fastened and wound around it, which goes around the roller 6 and is attached to the pipe 7. The roller 6 is mounted on the pipe 8 To the ends 9 and 10 of the indicated nozzles 7 and 8, the ends of the sleeve 11 are turned inwardly attached. At the opposite end of the nozzle 8, a spray head 13 is made in the form of a sprinkler nozzle. From the side of this head, the cavity of the housing 1 of the evaporator is in communication with the system 14 for collecting steam and with the system 15 for discharging waste liquid (bottoms).

 The device operates as follows.

 System 1 serves the initial liquid mixture in the housing 2 of the evaporator. Drum 4 is reversed. Pipes 7 and 8 with a drum 4 are pulled to each other through a cable 5 and diverge under the pressure of the fluid acting on the sleeve 11. When the pipes 7 and 8 converge to each other in the housing 1, a vacuum is created, and compression is created in the cavity of the sleeve 11. The liquid under increased pressure through the nozzles of the spray head 13 enters the cavity of the housing 1, where they create a vacuum and intensively evaporates.

 With the divergence of the nozzles 7 and 8, the sleeve 11 turns around, moves to the end of the housing 1, squeezes out the vapor and bottom residue into the systems 14 and 15.

 The proposed device allows distillation at any desired vacuum, as well as the absence of suction through seals significantly reduces the energy consumption for creating a vacuum.

Claims (1)

 DEVICE FOR FRACTIONAL SEPARATION OF LIQUID MIXTURES, including an evaporator in the form of a cylindrical body, a system for introducing an initial mixture and a system for removing steam and withdrawing bottoms, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of the mass transfer process and reduce energy costs for the process of separation of mixtures, the evaporator is equipped with a reversing drum , with a flexible rod, a roller, an elastic sleeve, the ends of which are folded inward towards each other, forming the shape of a torus, into the core of which funnel-shaped tubes are inserted, at the end where the ends of the sleeve are fixed, while one of the nozzles is equipped with a sprinkler nozzle, and the other is connected to the free end of the flexible rod enveloping the roller, mounted on the nozzle with a sprinkler nozzle, and wound on a reversing drum, the input fluid supply system is introduced into the cavity of the housing from the soron the reversing drum, and the steam and bottoms withdrawal system have an output from the sprinkler nozzle.

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