RU2046552C1 - Fabric electric heater - Google Patents

Fabric electric heater Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2046552C1
RU2046552C1 RU9292015835A RU92015835A RU2046552C1 RU 2046552 C1 RU2046552 C1 RU 2046552C1 RU 9292015835 A RU9292015835 A RU 9292015835A RU 92015835 A RU92015835 A RU 92015835A RU 2046552 C1 RU2046552 C1 RU 2046552C1
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RU
Russia
Prior art keywords
warp
conductive
threads
conducting
electrodes
Prior art date
Application number
RU9292015835A
Other languages
Russian (ru)
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RU92015835A (en
Inventor
Р.В. Офицерьян
А.А. Никитин
В.И. Безукладов
С.В. Шумаев
В.Я. Орлов
Original Assignee
Производственно-коммерческая Фирма "Меркурос"
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Application filed by Производственно-коммерческая Фирма "Меркурос" filed Critical Производственно-коммерческая Фирма "Меркурос"
Priority to RU9292015835A priority Critical patent/RU2046552C1/en
Priority to PCT/RU1993/000294 priority patent/WO1994014296A1/en
Publication of RU92015835A publication Critical patent/RU92015835A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of RU2046552C1 publication Critical patent/RU2046552C1/en

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D13/00Electric heating systems
    • F24D13/02Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating
    • F24D13/022Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating resistances incorporated in construction elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02Details
    • H05B3/06Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H05B3/36Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/007Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple electrically connected resistive elements or resistive zones
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/011Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • H05B2203/015Heater wherein the heating element is interwoven with the textile
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Abstract

FIELD: electric heaters. SUBSTANCE: device has flat resistive element which is made from fabric which warp has electric conducting and non-conducting fibers. Electrodes are positioned along warp. Insulation layers cover both sides of resistive element. Fibers without electrodes are made from combined cotton fibers. Volume ratio of non-conducting fibers to conducting ones in warp varies in range from 1:1 to 1:1.5. Volume ratio of conducting wires of warp to weft varies in range 1:1.5 to 1:10. Electrodes have current conductors which are shaped as parallel branches and attached to electrodes. Terminals of electric contact of current conductors are located outside resistive element, namely in area of insulating layers. EFFECT: increased reliability, improved user features. 1 tbl, 3 dwg

Description

Изобретение относится к электротермии. The invention relates to electrothermia.

Известен тканый электронагреватель, содержащий основу и уток, выполненный из электропроводных и неэлектропроводных нитей, уложенных с чередованием в одном из направлений ткани, и электроды, расположенные вдоль основы. Known woven electric heater containing a warp and wefts made of electrically conductive and non-conductive filaments, laid alternating in one direction of the fabric, and electrodes located along the warp.

Задачей разработки является уменьшение усадки и коробления электронагревательных элементов. The development objective is to reduce the shrinkage and warpage of electric heating elements.

Цель изобретения повышение надежности и улучшение эксплуатационных свойств. The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability and improve operational properties.

Отличительными особенностями предложенного тканного электронагревателя является выполнение чередования электропроводных и неэлектропроводных нитей по основе ткани, выполнение неэлектропроводных нитей из комплексных хлопковых волокон и объемные соотношения электропроводных нитей основы и электропроводных нитей утка от 1:1,5 до 1:10, а неэлектропроводных и электропроводных нитей основы от 1:1 до 1:1,5. Distinctive features of the proposed fabric electric heater is the alternation of electrically conductive and non-conductive threads on the basis of the fabric, the implementation of non-conductive threads of complex cotton fibers and the volume ratio of conductive warp threads and weft threads from 1: 1.5 to 1:10, and non-conductive and conductive warp threads from 1: 1 to 1: 1.5.

На фиг. 1 представлен электронагреватель, общий вид; на фиг.2 показана структура ткани электронагревателя; на фиг.3 изображены его клеммы. In FIG. 1 shows an electric heater, general view; figure 2 shows the fabric structure of the electric heater; figure 3 shows its terminals.

Электронагреватель содержит резистивный элемент 1, выполненный в виде ткани с чередующимися электропроводными и неэлектропроводными нитями 2 и 3, расположенными по основе, электропроводными нитями 4, расположенными по утку, электроды 5 и 6 из электропроводных нитей, расположенные вдоль основы, электроизоляционные слои 7 и 8, в которых размещены декоративные слои 9, выполненные, например, из текстурной бумаги, набивного ситца или кадрированного рисунка на основе льняных или полульняных тканей, клеммы 10 и 11. The electric heater contains a resistive element 1, made in the form of a fabric with alternating conductive and non-conductive threads 2 and 3, located on the base, conductive threads 4, located on the weft, electrodes 5 and 6 of conductive threads located along the warp, insulating layers 7 and 8, in which decorative layers 9 are placed, made, for example, of texture paper, printed chintz or a cropped pattern based on linen or half-linen fabrics, terminals 10 and 11.

Чередующиеся неэлектропроводные и электропроводные нити 3 и 2, расположенные по основе, выполнены в объемном соотношении от 1:1 до 1:1,5. Неэлектропроводные нити 3 выполнены из комплексных хлопковых волокон. Alternating non-conductive and electrically conductive threads 3 and 2, located on the basis, are made in a volume ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 1.5. Non-conductive threads 3 are made of complex cotton fibers.

Пределы соотношения между комплексными неэлектропроводными и электропроводными нитями 3 и 2, расположенными по основе, определены текстильными и эксплуатационными свойствами, т.е. допустимой минимальной плотностью нитей по основе, величина которой для нити 56 текс составляет 7 н/см. Более редкое расположение указанных нитей приводит к смещению нити в процессе изготовления и ухудшению свойств электронагревателей. Плотность нитей по основе свыше 14 н/см неприемлема, так как текстильная переработка ухудшает электрофизические свойства нитей. Поэтому выбрана плотность нитей по основе 10 н/см. Соотношение между неэлектропроводными и электропроводными нитями 3 и 2, расположенными по основе, варьировалось в пределах от 80:20 до 20:80. The limits of the ratio between complex non-conductive and conductive threads 3 and 2, located on the basis, are determined by textile and operational properties, i.e. permissible minimum density of the warp yarns, the value of which for tex 56 yarn is 7 n / cm. A more rare arrangement of these threads leads to a shift of the thread during the manufacturing process and the deterioration of the properties of electric heaters. The density of the warp threads over 14 n / cm is unacceptable, since textile processing degrades the electrophysical properties of the threads. Therefore, the selected density of the filaments on the basis of 10 n / cm. The ratio between non-conductive and electrically conductive threads 3 and 2, located on the basis, ranged from 80:20 to 20:80.

Электропроводные нити 2 основы и электропроводные нити 4, расположенные по утку, выполнены в объемном соотношении от 1:1,5 до 1:10. Соотношение между электропроводными нитями 2 основы и электропроводными нитями 4 утка меньше 1: 1,5 принимать нецелесообразно, так как увеличение нитей 2 основы при одной и той же плотности утка утяжеляет электронагреватель, увеличивает их расход без улучшения эксплуатационных свойств электронагревателя. Разрежение основы до соотношения 1: 10 электропроводных нитей 2 основы и электропроводных нитей 4 утка практически не сказывается на изменении свойств электронагревателя. Дальнейшее уменьшение электропроводных нитей в основе уменьшает предельные рабочие напряжения. The electrical conductive threads 2 of the warp and the electrical conductive threads 4 located in the weft are made in a volume ratio of 1: 1.5 to 1:10. The ratio between the electrically conductive threads of 2 warp and the conductive threads of 4 weft is less than 1: 1.5, it is impractical to take, since an increase in the threads of 2 warp at the same density of the weft makes the electric heater heavier, increases their consumption without improving the operational properties of the electric heater. The rarefaction of the warp to a ratio of 1: 10 of electrically conductive threads 2 of the warp and the conductive threads of 4 weft practically does not affect the change in the properties of the electric heater. Further reduction of the conductive filaments in the warp reduces the ultimate operating stresses.

Характеристики нитей приведены в таблице. The characteristics of the threads are shown in the table.

Предельное значение тока определялось по максимальному напряжению до начала усадки или в случае на жестком каркасе до начала разложения (прогорания) образца. Соотношение чередующихся электропроводных и неэлектропроводных нитей изменялось при средней плотности нитей основы 10 н/см. The limiting value of the current was determined by the maximum voltage before the start of shrinkage, or in the case of a rigid frame before the decomposition (burning) of the sample. The ratio of alternating conductive and non-conductive threads varied with an average density of warp threads of 10 n / cm.

Наиболее предпочтительными являются листовые электронагревательные элементы, изготовленные по примерам 2 и 3. Most preferred are sheet electric heating elements made according to examples 2 and 3.

Испытания натурных образцов листовых электронагревательных элементов под тепловыми и механическими нагрузками показали наиболее стабильные и надежные результаты. Tests of full-scale samples of sheet electric heating elements under thermal and mechanical loads showed the most stable and reliable results.

Claims (1)

ТКАНЫЙ ЭЛЕКТРОНАГРЕВАТЕЛЬ, содержащий основу и уток, выполненные из электропроводных и неэлектропроводных нитей, уложенных с чередованием в одном из направлений ткани, и электроды, расположенные вдоль основы, отличающийся тем, что указанное чередование электропроводных и неэлектропроводных нитей выполнено по основе ткани, неэлектропроводные нити выполнены из комплексных хлопковых волокон, при этом объемное соотношение неэлектропроводных нитей к электропроводным нитям основы составляет 1:1 1:1,5 а объемное соотношение электропроводных нитей основы и утка 1:1,5 1:10. WOVEN ELECTRIC HEATER, comprising a warp and wefts made of electrically conductive and non-conductive threads laid alternately in one of the fabric directions, and electrodes located along the warp, characterized in that said alternating conductive and non-conductive threads are fabric-based, non-conductive threads are made of complex cotton fibers, while the volume ratio of non-conductive threads to conductive warp threads is 1: 1 1: 1.5 and the volume ratio of conductive warp and weft threads 1: 1.5 1:10.
RU9292015835A 1992-12-08 1992-12-28 Fabric electric heater RU2046552C1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU9292015835A RU2046552C1 (en) 1992-12-28 1992-12-28 Fabric electric heater
PCT/RU1993/000294 WO1994014296A1 (en) 1992-12-08 1993-12-08 Electrical heater made of polymer material

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU9292015835A RU2046552C1 (en) 1992-12-28 1992-12-28 Fabric electric heater

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RU92015835A RU92015835A (en) 1995-01-20
RU2046552C1 true RU2046552C1 (en) 1995-10-20

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WO (1) WO1994014296A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7365031B2 (en) 2000-04-03 2008-04-29 Intelligent Textiles Limited Conductive pressure sensitive textile
DE102010008449A1 (en) 2010-02-18 2011-08-18 Slawinski, Alexander, 35041 Infrared wall surface heater for use in home and operating hall, has electric conductors lying transverse to carbon threads at both ends of heating element that is electrically protected by layers of electrically insulating films
US8298968B2 (en) 2004-02-27 2012-10-30 Intelligent Textiles Limited Electrical components and circuits constructed as textiles
US10519575B2 (en) 2015-12-18 2019-12-31 Intelligent Textiles Limited Conductive fabric, method of manufacturing a conductive fabric and apparatus therefor
DE102018131205A1 (en) 2018-12-06 2020-06-10 Alexander Slawinski Protected infrared wall heating with flexible heating fabric

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU9569A1 (en) * 1927-12-24 1929-05-31 А.Л. Маркович Electric thermo woven
US3102248A (en) * 1961-02-07 1963-08-27 Wiegand Co Edwin L Electric heater assembly
US3349359A (en) * 1964-12-18 1967-10-24 Templeton Coal Company Electrical heating elment
SU488369A1 (en) * 1973-01-02 1975-10-15 Научно-Исследовательский Институт По Переработке Искусственных И Синтетических Волокон Tkana electrical heating tape
NL7315574A (en) * 1973-11-14 1975-05-16 Benoit De La Bretoniere Andre TISSUE.

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Патент США N 3349359, кл. H 05B 3/34, 1967. *

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7365031B2 (en) 2000-04-03 2008-04-29 Intelligent Textiles Limited Conductive pressure sensitive textile
US8298968B2 (en) 2004-02-27 2012-10-30 Intelligent Textiles Limited Electrical components and circuits constructed as textiles
US8669195B2 (en) 2004-02-27 2014-03-11 Intelligent Textiles Limited Electrical components and circuits constructed as textiles
DE102010008449A1 (en) 2010-02-18 2011-08-18 Slawinski, Alexander, 35041 Infrared wall surface heater for use in home and operating hall, has electric conductors lying transverse to carbon threads at both ends of heating element that is electrically protected by layers of electrically insulating films
DE102010008449B4 (en) * 2010-02-18 2020-02-06 Alexander Slawinski Infrared wall heating with flexible heating fabric
US10519575B2 (en) 2015-12-18 2019-12-31 Intelligent Textiles Limited Conductive fabric, method of manufacturing a conductive fabric and apparatus therefor
DE102018131205A1 (en) 2018-12-06 2020-06-10 Alexander Slawinski Protected infrared wall heating with flexible heating fabric
WO2020115268A1 (en) 2018-12-06 2020-06-11 Alexander Slawinski Protected infrared wall panel heating comprising flexible heating fabric

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1994014296A1 (en) 1994-06-23

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